Tag: M.W=450-500

Yamaguchi, Mutsuo published the artcileMitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I): Proximity of the subunits of the flavoprotein and the iron-sulfur protein subcomplexes, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is Biochemistry (1993), 32(8), 1935-9, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The proximities of the three subunits (51, 24, and 9 kDa) of the flavoprotein subcomplex (FP) and five subunits (75, 49, 30, 18, and 13) of the iron-sulfur protein subcomplex (IP) of the bovine NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) were investigated by crosslinking studies. The crosslinking reagents used were disuccinimidyl tartrate and ethylene glycol bis(succinimidyl succinate). The cross-linked products were identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting with antibodies specific for each subunit. Results showed that the three FP subunits are juxtaposed to one another, and only the 51 kDa subunit of FP is in close proximity to only the 75-kDa subunit of IP. The 75-kDa subunit cross-linked to the 30- and the 13-kDa subunits, the 49-kDa subunit cross-linked to the 30-, 18-, and 13-kDa subunits, and the 30-kDa subunit cross-linked to the 18- and the 13-kDa subunits. No cross-linked products of 75+49-, 75+18-, or 18+13-kDa subunits were detected. These results are consistent with the occurrence of potential electron carriers in FP and IP subunits. These electron carriers are FMN and one iron-sulfur cluster in the 51-kDa subunit, one iron-sulfur cluster in the 24-kDa subunit, and apparently two iron-sulfur clusters in the 75-kDa subunit.

Biochemistry published new progress about 70539-42-3. 70539-42-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class pyrrolidine,Ester,Amide,Inhibitor,Inhibitor, name is Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, and the molecular formula is C5H10N2OS, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wu, Xia published the artcileApplication of urapidil in prevention and treatment of adverse reactions caused by carboprost tromethamine in cesarean section, Recommanded Product: 2-Amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol (Z)-7-((1R,2R,3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-((S,E)-3-hydroxy-3-methyloct-1-en-1-yl)cyclopentyl)hept-5-enoic acid, the publication is Nanjing Yike Daxue Xuebao, Ziran Kexueban (2015), 35(9), 1305-1307, database is CAplus.

The application effect of urapidil on prevention and treatment of adverse reactions caused by carboprost tromethamine in cesarean section was observed A total of 60 full-term pregnant patients who needed cesarean section of lower uterine segment were randomly divided into urapidil group (U group) and normal saline group (N group), 30 cases in each group. After fetal childbirth, based on injection of carboprost tromethamine 250 μg, urapidil of 12.5 mg was i.v. injected in U group, and 20 mL normal saline was injected in N group. The mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and pulse oxygen saturation (SPO₂) were recorded in both groups before anesthesia (T₀), at fetal childbirth (T₁), 10 min after injection of carboprost tromethamine (T₂) and 30 min after injection of carboprost tromethamine (T₃). And the adverse reactions in both groups were observed There were no statistically significant differences in MAP, HR and SPO₂ at T₀ between both two groups (P>0.05). Compared with T₀, MAP and HR in N group were increased at T₂ (P<0.05), while SPO₂ was decreased (P<0.05). Compared with N group, MAP and HR in U group were decreased at T₂ (P<0.05), while SPO₂ was increased (P<0.05). The incidences of headache and chest tightness were higher in N group than in U group (P<0.05). Urapidil can be effectively used in the prevention and treatment of adverse reactions caused by carboprost tromethamine in cesarean section, which is conducive to the stability of circular breathing.

Nanjing Yike Daxue Xuebao, Ziran Kexueban published new progress about 58551-69-2. 58551-69-2 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chiral,Alkenyl,Amine,Aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbon,Ester,Alcohol,Inhibitor,, name is 2-Amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol (Z)-7-((1R,2R,3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-((S,E)-3-hydroxy-3-methyloct-1-en-1-yl)cyclopentyl)hept-5-enoic acid, and the molecular formula is C11H8O3, Recommanded Product: 2-Amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol (Z)-7-((1R,2R,3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-((S,E)-3-hydroxy-3-methyloct-1-en-1-yl)cyclopentyl)hept-5-enoic acid.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Rui-jiao published the artcileStudy on effect of oxytocin combined with carboprost tromethamine in preventing postpartum hemorrhage in high-risk women, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is Zhongguo Fuyou Baojian (2016), 31(15), 3033-3035, database is CAplus.

Objective: To analyze the preventive effect of the combination of carboprost tromethamine and oxytocin on postpartum hemorrhage in cesarean section of high-risk women, and observe the occurrence of adverse reactions after maternal medication. Methods: A total of 120 high-risk pregnant women who were scheduled for cesarean delivery at the Obstetrics Department of Liaobu Hospital in Dongguan City were collected, and randomly divided into 3 groups. 40 cases in group A, who were given oxytocin alone. 40 patients in group B were treated with oxytocin combined with carboprost methylate suppository. 40 patients in group C were given oxytocin combined with carboprost tromethamine. The intraoperative and postoperative bleeding volume, postpartum hemorrhage, treatment and adverse reactions of the three groups were compared. Results: The intraoperative and postoperative 2 h bleeding volume of group B and group C were significantly lower than that of group A (P < 0.05), among which the difference of group C was more significant. The bleeding volume in group C was significantly lower than that in group A and group B at 2-24 h after operation (P < 0.05). The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, blood transfusion rate, and treatment rate of other hemostatic measures in group B and group C were significantly lower than those in group A (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of carboprost tromethamine and oxytocin can effectively reduce the amount of postpartum hemorrhage and the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage in high-risk women, and it is safe and worthy of further promotion.

Zhongguo Fuyou Baojian published new progress about 58551-69-2. 58551-69-2 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chiral,Alkenyl,Amine,Aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbon,Ester,Alcohol,Inhibitor,, name is 2-Amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol (Z)-7-((1R,2R,3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-((S,E)-3-hydroxy-3-methyloct-1-en-1-yl)cyclopentyl)hept-5-enoic acid, and the molecular formula is C11H19N, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Haolan published the artcileTargeting MCL-1 in cancer: current status and perspectives, Recommanded Product: 2-((4-(4-Bromophenylsulfonamido)-1-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)thio)acetic acid, the publication is Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2021), 14(1), 67, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A review. Myeloid leukemia 1 (MCL-1) is an antiapoptotic protein of the BCL-2 family that prevents apoptosis by binding to the pro-apoptotic BCL-2 proteins. Overexpression of MCL-1 is frequently observed in many tumor types and is closely associated with tumorigenesis, poor prognosis and drug resistance. The central role of MCL-1 in regulating the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway makes it an attractive target for cancer therapy. Significant progress has been made with regard to MCL-1 inhibitors, some of which have entered clin. trials. Here, we discuss the mechanism by which MCL-1 regulates cancer cell apoptosis and review the progress related to MCL-1 small mol. inhibitors and their role in cancer therapy.

Journal of Hematology & Oncology published new progress about 518303-20-3. 518303-20-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Apoptosis,Bcl-2, name is 2-((4-(4-Bromophenylsulfonamido)-1-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)thio)acetic acid, and the molecular formula is C7H7ClN2, Recommanded Product: 2-((4-(4-Bromophenylsulfonamido)-1-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)thio)acetic acid.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Habek, Jasna Čerkez published the artcileREFRACTORY BRADYCARDIA–A RARE COMPLICATION OF CARBOPROST TROMETHAMINE FOR INDUCTION OF ABORTION, COA of Formula: C25H47NO8, the publication is Acta clinica Croatica (2016), 55(2), 323-5, database is MEDLINE.

We report a first case of refractory several-hour sinus bradycardia, a rare but already described side effect of intramuscular administration of carboprost tromethamine to induce abortion for medical indication in a patient without cardiovascular and other diseases. After administration of atropine sulfate 3×0.5 mg intravenously without effect, the patient‘s sinus rhythm spontaneously normalized as carboprost was eliminated from the body (it has a 3-hour half-life). It is reasonable to believe that the specific prostaglandin underlay the etiology of bradycardia.

Acta clinica Croatica published new progress about 58551-69-2. 58551-69-2 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chiral,Alkenyl,Amine,Aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbon,Ester,Alcohol,Inhibitor,, name is 2-Amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol (Z)-7-((1R,2R,3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-((S,E)-3-hydroxy-3-methyloct-1-en-1-yl)cyclopentyl)hept-5-enoic acid, and the molecular formula is C25H47NO8, COA of Formula: C25H47NO8.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Shoshan-Barmatz, Varda published the artcileCrosslinking of the ryanodine receptor/Ca²⁺ release channel from skeletal muscle, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Biomembranes (1995), 1237(2), 151-61, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The relationship between the tetrameric organization of the ryanodine receptor (RyR) and its activity in binding of ryanodine was approached through crosslinking studies using several bifunctional reagents, differing in their linear dimensions and flexibility, as well as in the reactivity of the active groups. Crosslinking with: 1,5-difluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DFDNB); di(fluoro-3-nitrophenyl)sulfone (DFNPS), 1-ethyl-3-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)carbodiimide (EDC); di-Me suberimidate (DMS); ethylene glycol bis(succinimidyl succinate) (EGS); and glutaraldehyde resulted in the disappearance of the, 470 kDa, RyR monomer protein band with concomitant appearance of addnl. bands of mol. masses higher than the monomer. At the relatively low concentrations of the reagents and the conditions used, RyR is the only cross-linked protein of SR membranes. The ‘new’ protein bands cross-react with antibodies against the RyR and correspond to dimers and tetramers of the RyR subunits while trimers were not detectable. DFDNB and DFNPS produced also a 560 kDa protein band which probably represents an intramol. cross-linked monomer. The SDS-electrophoretic patterns of the cross-linked purified RyR resemble those of the membrane-bound receptor. Ryanodine binding to the high-affinity site was inhibited by modification of SR membranes with DFDNB and DFNPS, but not with DMS, EDC, EGS and glutaraldehyde, although RyR was completely cross-linked. The inhibition by DFDNB and DFNPS is due to modification of a specific lysyl residue which is also involved in the control of Ca²⁺ release. On the other hand, cross linking of the RyR with glutaraldehyde or EGS resulted in inhibition of ryanodine binding to the low-affinity, but not to the high-affinity binding sites. Thus, the crosslinking of two or more sites in each monomer (which lead to fixation of dimers or tetramers) did not prevent the conformational changes involved in the binding and occlusion of ryanodine at the high-affinity site, but inhibited its binding to the low-affinity sites.

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Biomembranes published new progress about 70539-42-3. 70539-42-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class pyrrolidine,Ester,Amide,Inhibitor,Inhibitor, name is Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, and the molecular formula is C8H10BNO3, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Cheng, Ming published the artcileSulfo-SADP (sulfosuccinimidyl[4-azidophenyldithio]propionate) an active site directed reagent inhibiting the NADPH dependent O₂^– generation of leukocyte cytochrome b₅₅₈, COA of Formula: C18H20N2O12, the publication is Journal of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics (2002), 6(3), 177-184, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Functional reagents known to bring about the formation of a distinct membrane mol. complex of the subunits of cytochrome b₅₅₈ (gp 91^phox and p22^phox) were investigated for their influence on the O₂^– generating capability of liposome incorporated cytochrome b₅₅₈ preparations One, ethyleneglycolbis[sulfo-succinimidylsuccinate], (sulfo-EGS) was found to inhibit O₂^– generation at concentrations which are known to result in crosslinking the two subunits of cytochrome b₅₅₈. Sulfosuccinimidyl [4-azidophenyldithio]propionate, (sulfo-SADP) on the other hand, was found to be a powerful inhibitor of the cytochrome b₅₅₈ dependent O₂^– production at concentrations not able to result in cross linking of the two subunits. Sulfo-SADP inhibits the cytochrome b₅₅₈ O₂^– production 50% at 25 μM, while sulfo-EGS requires 400 μM. For these reagents, the succinimidyl group of sulfo-SADP and sulfo-EGS is the reactive group, which inhibit irreversibly, cytochrome b₅₅₈ generation of O₂^–. Both sulfo-SADP and sulfo-EGS have similar linker arms of 13.9 and 16.1 Å, resp. The difference, accounting for the strong inhibitory profile for sulfo-SADP as compared with sulfo-EGS, resides in the aryl group associated with the sulfo-SADP. The aryl group of sulfo-SADP has been found to be important in directing the specificity of the probe in its inhibition of O₂^– generation. When the disulfide bond linking the aromatic portion of the probe to the succinimidyl ring is cleaved by DTT (dithiothreitol), the product loses its specificity and has an inhibitory activity with respect to O₂^– generation comparable to that of sulfo-EGS. The partial protection against the inhibitory influence of sulfo-SADP by NADP⁺ indicates that the reagent may interact at the pyridine nucleotide-binding domain of cytochrome b₅₅₈. Its low inhibitory titer and its water solubility suggest that sulfo-SADP reacts with a specific amine (the primary reactant for the succinimidyl group) on cytochrome b₅₅₈.

Journal of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics published new progress about 70539-42-3. 70539-42-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class pyrrolidine,Ester,Amide,Inhibitor,Inhibitor, name is Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, and the molecular formula is C18H20N2O12, COA of Formula: C18H20N2O12.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Drees, Becky L. published the artcileThe GCN4 leucine zipper can functionally substitute for the heat shock transcription factor’s trimerization domain, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is Journal of Molecular Biology (1997), 273(1), 61-74, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The heat shock transcription factor (HSF) is the only known sequence-specific, homotrimeric DNA-binding protein. HSF binds to a DNA recognition site called a heat shock element (HSE), which contains varying numbers of nGAAn units (“GAA boxes”) arranged in inverted repeats. To investigate the role of trimerization on HSF’s DNA-binding properties, the authors replaced the trimerization domain, which self-assembles to form a three-stranded α-helical coiled coil, with the GCN4 leucine zipper, which forms a two-stranded α-helical coiled coil. Surprisingly, this substitution did not effect the ability of HSF to function in vivo. Biochem. studies of an HSF-leucine zipper chimera in comparison to an HSF truncation show that the HSF-leucine zipper chimera, though dimeric in solution and dimeric when bound to a two-box HSE, forms a trimeric complex when bound to a three-box HSE. The ability to form trimers depends on the presence of three contiguous GAA boxes present in inverted repeats. The proximity of the leucine zippers due to the orientation of the binding sites suggests that the leucine zippers might be forming a three-stranded coiled coil and several experiments lend support to this model. The ability of the leucine zipper to change oligomeric states in context might explain why the leucine zipper can replace the trimerization domain of HSF in vivo.

Journal of Molecular Biology published new progress about 70539-42-3. 70539-42-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class pyrrolidine,Ester,Amide,Inhibitor,Inhibitor, name is Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, and the molecular formula is C18H20N2O12, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Bao, Zhi-hui published the artcileClinical analysis of carboprost tromethamine and misoprostol in the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage of high-risk pregnant women after cesarean section, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is Shiyong Yaowu Yu Linchuang (2014), 17(2), 243-245, database is CAplus.

Objective: To compare the value of carboprost tromethamine and misoprostol in the prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage in high-risk pregnant women after cesarean section. Methods: 102 cases of high-risk pregnant women were randomly divided into 2 groups, 52 cases in group A were treated with carboprost tromethamine, while 52 cases in group B were treated with misoprostol. The postpartum hemorrhage rate and the amount of bleeding were compared between the two groups. Results: There was no significant difference in the postpartum hemorrhage rate between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). The amount of bleeding at postpartum 2 h and 24 h in group A were less than those of group B (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in the incidence of adverse reactions between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Carboprost tromethamine can prevent postpartum hemorrhage, and the effect is superior to that of misoprostol, it can improve the rate of contraction of the uterus, and reduce the rate of postpartum hemorrhage.

Shiyong Yaowu Yu Linchuang published new progress about 58551-69-2. 58551-69-2 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chiral,Alkenyl,Amine,Aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbon,Ester,Alcohol,Inhibitor,, name is 2-Amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol (Z)-7-((1R,2R,3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-((S,E)-3-hydroxy-3-methyloct-1-en-1-yl)cyclopentyl)hept-5-enoic acid, and the molecular formula is C25H47NO8, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Segnitz, Bernd published the artcileSubunit structure of the nonactivated human estrogen receptor, COA of Formula: C18H20N2O12, the publication is Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (1995), 92(6), 2179-83, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The nonactivated estrogen receptor of human MCF-7 mammary carcinoma cells was investigated with respect to stoichiometry of protein subunits. The native receptor complex stabilized by molybdate had a mol. mass of ≈300 kDa. Chem. crosslinking with several bifunctional reagents resulted in complete stabilization of the same receptor form of ≈300 kDa and was achieved both in cell extracts and in intact cells. Incubation of the cross-linked receptor with a receptor-specific monoclonal IgG1 antibody increased the mol. mass by ≈135 kDa-i.e., no more than one Ig mol. bound to the complex. Partial and progressive crosslinking of affinity-labeled receptors revealed patterns of labeled bands upon denaturing gel electrophoresis indicative of a heteromeric structure. The completely cross-linked receptor was purified to homogeneity and analyzed for protein components. In addition to the receptor polypeptide of ≈65 kDa, the authors detected the heat shock proteins hsp90 and p59; the hsp90 band was roughly twice as intense as the p59 band. The heat shock protein hsp70 and the 40-kDa cyclophilin were not detected as components of the highly purified cross-linked receptor of ≈300 kDa. The authors suggest a heterotetrameric structure consisting of one receptor polypeptide, two hsp90 mols., and one p59 subunit, for which the mol. mass adds up to ≈300 kDa. Thus, the nonactivated estrogen receptor has a mol. architecture homologous to those of glucocorticoid and progesterone receptors, even though phylogenetically the estrogen receptor gene forms a distinct subgroup within the gene family of nuclear hormone receptors.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America published new progress about 70539-42-3. 70539-42-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class pyrrolidine,Ester,Amide,Inhibitor,Inhibitor, name is Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, and the molecular formula is C12H6NNaO4, COA of Formula: C18H20N2O12.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts