Tag: M.W=300-400

Al-Dhubaibi, Mohammed Saleh; Shahzad, Muhammad; Al-Senaid, Adel Ibrahim; El-Hakim, Ashraf Hamouda Abd; Elneam, Ahmed Ibrahim Abd published the artcile< Phototherapy enhanced vitamin D level in psoriasis>, Related Products of 434-16-2, the main research area is meta analysis UV B radiation vitamin D psoriasis.

Phototherapy: broadband UVB (BUVB), narrowband UVB (NB-UVB) and heliotherapy is commonly used treatment modalities for widespread psoriasis. Vitamin D3, cholecalciferol, is produced in the epidermis by UV radiation (290-315 nm) of 7-dehydrocholesterol. 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D], and 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1, 25(OH) 2D] are the major circulating metabolites. Sun exposure is the strongest factor influencing 25(OH) D. Therefore, the aim of this review was to investigate whether phototherapy was able to influence vitamin D level in psoriasis and its beneficial effect on psoriasis by increasing vitamin D level. We conducted a systematic review to assess the association between phototherapy and vitamin D status in psoriasis that was reviewed in Jan. and Apr. 2018. An electronic published work search was performed using PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Saudi Digital Library database and Medline. A total of 592 eligible articles by searching PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Saudi Digital Library. The titles and abstracts of 164 manuscripts were found to potentially fulfill search criteria. After the application of inclusion standards and full-text review, 23 manuscripts remained for inclusion. The sample size was 659 psoriasis patients. A total of 23 studies summarize the effect of phototherapy on vitamin D in psoriasis. Daily artificial UV therapy is an effective treatment for psoriasis patients, and vitamin D scores taking into consideration the type of UV, skin pigmentations, age of the patient and initial level of serum vitamin D.

Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences published new progress about Homo sapiens. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Related Products of 434-16-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Yavuz, Ulas; Alaylioglu, Merve; Sengul, Busra; Karras, Spyridon N.; Gezen-Ak, Duygu; Dursun, Erdinc published the artcile< Protein disulfide isomerase A3 might be involved in the regulation of 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase via vitamin D equilibrium in primary cortical neurons>, Recommanded Product: (3S,9S,10R,13R,14R,17R)-10,13-Dimethyl-17-((R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-2,3,4,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol, the main research area is cortical neuron protein disulfide isomerase vitamin D treatment; 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase; Neurodegeneration; Primary neuronal culture; Protein disulfide isomerase A3; Vitamin D.

Vitamin D is a secosteroid hormone mediating its functions via vitamin D receptor (VDR) and an endoplasmic reticulum chaperone, protein disulfide isomerase A3 (PDIA3). From a physiol. perspective, there is also a well-established association of cholesterol and vitamin D synthesis, since both share a common metabolic substrate, 7 dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC). Yet, the potential basic pathways, of the biol. interplay of DHCR24 and vitamin D equilibrium, on neuronal level, are yet to be determined In this study, we aimed to investigate the relation between vitamin D pathways and DHCR24 in primary cortical neuron cultures. The neocortex of Sprague-Dawley rat embryos (E16) was used for the preparation of primary cortical neuron cultures. DHCR24 mRNA and protein expression levels were determined by qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescent labeling in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-treated or VDR/PDIA3-silenced primary cortical neurons. The mRNA expression of DHCR24 was significantly decreased in the cortical neurons treated with 10-8M 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (p<0.001). In parallel with the mRNA results, DHCR24 protein expression in cortical neurons treated with 10-8M 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was also significantly lower than untreated neurons (p<0.05). These data were also confirmed with immunofluorescent labeling and fluorescence intensity measurements of DHCR24 (p<0.001). Finally, DHCR24 mRNA expression level was significantly increased in PDIA3 siRNA-treated neurons (p<0.05). Similar to the mRNA results, the DHCR24 protein expression of PDIA3 siRNA-treated neurons was also statistically higher than the other groups (p<0.05). Results of this mechanistic exptl. basic study demonstrate that DHCR24 mRNA expression and protein concentrations attenuated in response to vitamin D treatment. Furthermore, we observed that PDIA3 might be involved in this modulatory effect. Our findings indicate a complex interaction of DHCR24 and vitamin D equilibrium, through the involvement of PDIA3 and vitamin D in the modulation of cholesterol metabolism in neuronal cells, requiring future studies on the field. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology: Animal published new progress about Cerebral neocortex. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Recommanded Product: (3S,9S,10R,13R,14R,17R)-10,13-Dimethyl-17-((R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-2,3,4,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Liu, Jia; Cao, Lei; Qu, Jun-Ze; Chen, Ting-Ting; Su, Zi-Jie; Hu, Yun-Long; Wang, Ying; Yao, Ming-Dong; Xiao, Wen-Hai; Li, Chun; Li, Bo; Yuan, Ying-Jin published the artcile< NVD-BM-mediated genetic biosensor triggers accumulation of 7- dehydrocholesterol and inhibits melanoma via Akt1/NF-kB signaling>, Electric Literature of 434-16-2, the main research area is NVD-BM; cancer cell regression; cholesterol 7-desaturase; genetic biosensor; melanoma.

Aberrant activation of the cholesterol biosynthesis supports tumor cell growth. In recent years, significant progress has been made by targeting rate-limiting enzymes in cholesterol biosynthesis pathways to prevent carcinogenesis. However, precise mechanisms behind cholesterol degradation in cancer cells have not been comprehensively investigated. Here, we report that codon optimization of the orthologous cholesterol 7- desaturase, NVD-BM from Bombyx mori, significantly slowed melanoma cell proliferation and migration, and inhibited cancer cell engraftment in nude mice, by converting cholesterol to toxic 7-dehydrocholesterol. Based on these observations, we established a synthetic genetic circuit to induce melanoma cell regression by sensing tumor specific signals in melanoma cells. The dual-input signals, RELA proto-oncogene (RELA) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), activated NVD-BM expression and repressed melanoma cell proliferation and migration. Mech., we observed that NVD-BM decreased Akt1-ser473 phosphorylation and inhibited cytoplasmic RELA translocation. Taken together, NVD-BM was identified as a tumor suppressor in malignant melanoma, and we established a dual-input biosensor to promote cancer cell regression, via Akt1/NF-κB signaling. Our results demonstrate the potential therapeutic effects of cholesterol 7-desaturase in melanoma metabolism, and provides insights for genetic circuits targeting 7-dehydrocholesterol accumulation in tumors.

Aging published new progress about 434-16-2. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Electric Literature of 434-16-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Eriksson, A.; Nyholm, L. published the artcile< Coulometric and spectroscopic investigations of the oxidation and reduction of some azosalicylic acids at glassy carbon electrodes>, Safety of Sodium 5,5′-(diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(2-hydroxybenzoate), the main research area is coulometry spectroscopy oxidation reduction azosalicylic acid glassy carbon electrode.

Constant potential coulometry in combination with cyclic voltammetry, UV-visible, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy were used to identify the oxidation and reduction products for some structurally similar azosalicylic acids, including the azosalicylic drugs Sulfasalazine and Olsalazine. The experiments were carried out in aqueous solutions at pH 4.5 to 10.0. Voltammetric and UV-visible spectroscopic comparisons involving standard substances confirm that all compounds studied, except 4,4′-azobis[2-hydroxybenzoic acid], are reduced in an overall four-electron process to their corresponding amines. For 4,4′-azobis[2-hydroxybenzoic acid], the reduction involves only two electrons and most likely gives rise to the corresponding hydrazo compound The oxidations of 3,3′-azobis[6-hydroxybenzoic acid] (Olsalazine), 3,3′-azoxybis[6-hydroxybenzoic acid] and 2-hydroxy-5-[(3′-carboxy-2′-hydroxyphenyl)azo]benzoic acid involve an initial two-electron step. Based on UV and NMR spectroscopic data, probably the oxidation of 3,3′-azobis-[6-hydroxybenzoic acid] gives rise to a 2,2′-dicarboxy-1,4-dibenzoquinone azine.

Electrochimica Acta published new progress about Coulometry. 6054-98-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C14H8N2Na2O6, Safety of Sodium 5,5′-(diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(2-hydroxybenzoate).

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Niu, Yanfen; Li, Hongjian; Gao, Lihui; Lin, Hua; Kung, Hsiangfu; Lin, Marie Chia-mi; Leung, Kwong-Sak; Wong, Man-Hon; Xiong, Wenyong; Li, Ling published the artcile< old drug, new indication: olsalazine sodium reduced serum uric acid levels in mice via inhibiting xanthine oxidoreductase activity>, Recommanded Product: Sodium 5,5′-(diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(2-hydroxybenzoate), the main research area is olsalazine sodium xanthine oxidase dehydrogenase inhibitor hyperuricemia; Hyperuricemia; Olsalazine sodium; Uric acid; Xanthine oxidase.

Hyperuricemia, a long-term purine metabolic disorder, is a well-known risk factor for gout, hypertension and diabetes. In maintaining normal whole-body purine levels, xanthine oxidase (XOD) is a key enzyme in the purine metabolic pathway, as it catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and finally to uric acid. Here we used the protein-ligand docking software idock to virtually screen potential XOD inhibitors from 3167 approved small compounds/drugs. The inhibitory activities of the ten compounds with the highest scores were tested on XOD in vitro. Interestingly, all the ten compounds inhibited the activity of XOD at certain degrees. Particularly, the anti-ulcerative-colitis drug olsalazine sodium demonstrated a great inhibitory activity for XOD (IC50 = 3.4 mg/L). Enzymic kinetic studies revealed that the drug was a hybrid-type inhibitor of xanthine oxidase. Furthermore, the drug strikingly decreased serum urate levels, serum/hepatic activities of XOD at a dose-dependent manner in vivo. Thus, we demonstrated a successful hunting process of compounds/drugs for hyperuricemia through virtual screening, supporting a potential usage of olsalazine sodium in the treatment of hyperuricemia.

Journal of Pharmacological Sciences (Amsterdam, Netherlands) published new progress about Gout. 6054-98-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C14H8N2Na2O6, Recommanded Product: Sodium 5,5′-(diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(2-hydroxybenzoate).

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Adhitama, Nikko; Kato, Yasuhiko; Matsuura, Tomoaki; Watanabe, Hajime published the artcile< Roles of and cross-talk between ecdysteroid and sesquiterpenoid pathways in embryogenesis of branchiopod crustacean Daphnia magna>, Computed Properties of 434-16-2, the main research area is Daphnia embryogenesis ecdysteroid sesquiterpenoid signaling pathway.

In this study, we report on the functions of Spo and Jhamt and the cross-talk between them in embryos of branchiopod crustacean Daphnia magna. This phenotype could be partially rescued by supplementation with 20-hydroxyecdysone, indicating that Spo may play the same role in ecdysteroid biosynthesis in early embryos, as reported in insects. After hatching, Spo expression was repressed, while Jhamt expression was activated transiently, despite its silencing during other embryonic stages. Jhamt RNAi showed little effect on survival, but shortened the embryonic period. Exposure to sesquiterpenoid analog Fenoxycarb extended the embryonic period and rescued the Jhamt RNAi phenotype, demonstrating a previously unidentified role of sesquiterpenoid in repression of precocious embryogenesis. Interestingly, the knockdown of Jhamt resulted in derepression of ecdysteroid biosynthesis genes, including Spo, similar to regulation during insect hormonal biosynthesis. Sesquiterpenoid signaling via Methoprene-tolerant gene was found to be responsible for the repression of ecdysteroid biosynthesis genes. It upregulated an ortholog of CYP18a1 that degrades ecdysteroid in insects. These results illuminate the conserved and specific functions of the ecdysteroid and sesquiterpenoid pathways in Daphnia embryos. We also infer that the common ancestor of branchiopod crustaceans and insects exhibited antagonism between the two endocrine hormones before their divergence 400 million years ago.

PLoS One published new progress about Adult, nonmammalian. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Computed Properties of 434-16-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Koczok, Katalin; Horvath, Laszlo; Korade, Zeljka; Mezei, Zoltan Andras; Szabo, Gabriella P.; Porter, Ned A.; Kovacs, Eszter; Mirnics, Karoly; Balogh, Istvan published the artcile< Biochemical and Clinical Effects of Vitamin E Supplementation in Hungarian Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome Patients>, Quality Control of 434-16-2, the main research area is vitamin E Hungarian Smith Lemli Opitz syndrome skin photosensitivity; Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome; behavioral disturbance; skin photosensitivity; vitamin A; vitamin E.

Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is a severe monogenic disorder resulting in low cholesterol and high 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) levels. 7-DHC-derived oxysterols likely contribute to disease pathophysiol., and thus antioxidant treatment might be beneficial because of high oxidative stress. In a three-year prospective study, we investigated the effects of vitamin E supplementation in six SLOS patients already receiving dietary cholesterol treatment. Plasma vitamin A and E concentrations were determined by the high-performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC) method. At baseline, plasma 7-DHC, 8-dehydrocholesterol (8-DHC) and cholesterol levels were determined by liquid chromatog.-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. The clin. effect of the supplementation was assessed by performing structured parental interviews. At baseline, patients were characterized by low or low-normal plasma vitamin E concentrations (7.19-15.68μmol/L), while vitamin A concentrations were found to be normal or high (1.26-2.68μmol/L). Vitamin E supplementation resulted in correction or significant elevation of plasma vitamin E concentration in all patients. We observed reduced aggression, self-injury, irritability, hyperactivity, attention deficit, repetitive behavior, sleep disturbance, skin photosensitivity and/or eczema in 3/6 patients, with notable individual variability. Clin. response to therapy was associated with a low baseline 7-DHC + 8-DHC/cholesterol ratio (0.2-0.4). We suggest that determination of vitamin E status is important in SLOS patients. Supplementation of vitamin E should be considered and might be beneficial.

Biomolecules published new progress about Antioxidants. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Quality Control of 434-16-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Peladeau, Christine; Adam, Nadine; Bronicki, Lucas M.; Coriati, Adele; Thabet, Mohamed; Al-Rewashdy, Hasanen; Vanstone, Jason; Mears, Alan; Renaud, Jean-Marc; Holcik, Martin; Jasmin, Bernard J. published the artcile< Identification of therapeutics that target eEF1A2 and upregulate utrophin A translation in dystrophic muscles>, HPLC of Formula: 6054-98-4, the main research area is muscular dystrophy relaxant utrophin A eEF1A2 therapeutic target.

Abstract: Up-regulation of utrophin in muscles represents a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. We previously demonstrated that eEF1A2 associates with the 5’UTR of utrophin A to promote IRES-dependent translation. Here, we examine whether eEF1A2 directly regulates utrophin A expression and identify via an ELISA-based high-throughput screen, FDA-approved drugs that upregulate both eEF1A2 and utrophin A. Our results show that transient overexpression of eEF1A2 in mouse muscles causes an increase in IRES-mediated translation of utrophin A. Through the assessment of our screen, we reveal 7 classes of FDA-approved drugs that increase eEF1A2 and utrophin A protein levels. Treatment of mdx mice with the 2 top leads results in multiple improvements of the dystrophic phenotype. Here, we report that IRES-mediated translation of utrophin A via eEF1A2 is a critical mechanism of regulating utrophin A expression and reveal the potential of repurposed drugs for treating DMD via this pathway.

Nature Communications published new progress about Anterior tibial muscle. 6054-98-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C14H8N2Na2O6, HPLC of Formula: 6054-98-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Kim, Suyeon; Thapa, Ishwor; Zhang, Ling; Ali, Hesham published the artcile< On identifying candidates for drug repurposing for the treatment of ulcerative colitis using gene expression data>, HPLC of Formula: 6054-98-4, the main research area is gene expression antiinflammatory agent drug repurposing ulcerative colitis.

The notion of repurposing of existing drugs to treat both common and rare diseases has gained traction from both academia and pharmaceutical companies. Given the high attrition rates, massive time, money, and effort of brand-new drug development, the advantages of drug repurposing in terms of lower costs and shorter development time have become more appealing. Computational drug repurposing is promising approach and has shown great potential in tailoring genomic findings to the development of treatments for diseases. However, there are still challenges involved in building a standard computational drug repurposing solution for high-throughput anal. and the implementation to clin. practice. In this study, we applied the computational drug repurposing approaches for Ulcerative Colitis (UC) patients to provide better treatment for this disabling disease. Repositioning drug candidates were identified, and these findings provide a potentially effective therapeutics for the treatment of UC patients. This preliminary computational drug repurposing pipeline will be extended in the near future to help realize the full potential of drug repurposing.

Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics published new progress about Chemotherapy. 6054-98-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C14H8N2Na2O6, HPLC of Formula: 6054-98-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Fuss, Werner published the artcile< Previtamin D: Z-E photoisomerization via a Hula-twist conical intersection>, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is previtamin photoisomerization conical intersection rotamer CD.

On photoisomerization of previtamin D – a steroid Z-triene – produced in situ by ring opening of 7-dehydrocholesterol in a cold matrix, it was found in A.M.Muller et al. [Angew.Chem., Int.Ed., 1998, 37, 505-507] that the product (tachysterol) had rotated not only its central double bond but also an adjacent single bond. This is called a Hula twist (HT) due to the alternative description, in which it is just one central CH group that rotates. It was pointed out that the results directly support the calculated mol. structure at a conical intersection, which mediates the Z-E isomerization of polyenes. With a more sophisticated technique, Saltiel et al. (J.Phys.Chem.Lett., 2013, 4, 716-721) confirmed this tachysterol rotamer as the main product but found two addnl. conformers. They believed to have seen also three previtamin D conformers, suggested to be a result of hot-ground-state reactions from the primary rotamer, and interpreted all tachysterol products to be a result of a double-bond twist (DBT), not a HT. On the basis of published CD data and consideration of other reactions, it is here shown that under these conditions hot-ground-state reactions are unimportant or even negligible and that there is practically only a single conformer of previtamin D after ring opening. All products can be easily understood on the basis of an HT-type conical intersection, which is thus further supported. Invoking a published pretwist model even rationalizes product ratios. The two twists in HT are concerted. Furthermore HT is fully consistent with the NEER principle (nonequilibration of excited rotamers) and even offers addnl. possibilities for conformer control.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics published new progress about Bond angle, torsional. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts