Tag: M.W=300-400

Ravetkar, D. D.; Ambeskar, V. D.; Mashelkar, R. A. published the artcile< Diffusion-adsorption problems in macromolecular systems: new techniques for parameter estimation>, Synthetic Route of 6054-98-4, the main research area is diffusion adsorption polymer parameter estimation; polyacrylamide adsorption parameter estimation; chitin dye adsorption parameter estimation.

The techniques used for estimation of diffusion-adsorption parameters in the past have certain basic flaws. New and efficient techniques for parameter estimation were proposed having many advantages such as using the full concentration-time profile (rather than part of it), time saving, etc. The validity of these techniques was demonstrated by the anal. of the data generated in our laboratory on adsorption of polyacrylamide and also the data on adsorption of dyes on chitin reported in the literature.

Journal of Applied Polymer Science published new progress about Adsorption. 6054-98-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C14H8N2Na2O6, Synthetic Route of 6054-98-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

McKay, G.; Blair, H. S.; Gardner, J. R. published the artcile< Adsorption of dyes on chitin. I. Equilibrium studies>, Synthetic Route of 6054-98-4, the main research area is adsorption dye chitin; particle size chitin dye adsorption.

Equilibrium isotherms were studied for the adsorption of 4 dyes (Acid Blue 258, Acid Blue 158, Mordant Yellow 5, and Direct Red 84) on chitin. Langmuir and Freundlich constants were determined, and the effects of chitin particle size and solution temperature were investigated. Theor. isotherms are compared with exptl. data; good agreement was obtained with a composite isotherm of the general form: Ye = iCe/(1 + jCem).

Journal of Applied Polymer Science published new progress about Adsorption. 6054-98-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C14H8N2Na2O6, Synthetic Route of 6054-98-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Misik, Vladimir; Miyoshi, Norio; Riesz, Peter published the artcile< EPR spin trapping study of the decomposition of azo compounds in aqueous solutions by ultrasound: potential for use as sonodynamic sensitizers for cell killing>, Recommanded Product: Sodium 5,5′-(diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(2-hydroxybenzoate), the main research area is ultrasound azo compound free radical formation.

Sonodynamic therapy, a promising new approach to cancer treatment, is based on synergistic cell killing by combination of certain drugs (sonosensitizers) and ultrasound. Although the mechanism of sonodynamic action is not understood, the role of free radicals produced from sonosensitizers by ultrasound is implicated. In this work, we studied formation of free radicals during the decomposition of several water-soluble azo compounds by 50 kHz ultrasound in aqueous solutions Using the spin trp 3,5-dibromo-4-nitrosobenzene sulfonate (DBNBS) tertiary carbon-centered radicals from 2,2′-azobis (N,N’-bimethyleneisobutyramidine) dihydrochloride (VA-044), 2-(carbamoylazo)isobutyronitrile (V-30), and 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) and •CH3 radicals from 1,1′-azobis(N,N’-dimethylformamide) (ADMF) were detected in argon-saturated solutions and the corresponding oxygen-centered radicals (alkoxyl and peroxyl) from VA-044, V-30, and AAPH were identified using the spin trap 5,5′-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) in aerated sonicated solutions No free radicals from 4,4′-dihydroxyazobenzene-3,3′-dicarboxylic acid, disodium salt (DHAB) could be found in either system. While VA-044 and AAPH could also be readily decomposed by heat (42.5 °C and 80 °C), V-30 decomposition only occurred in the ultrasound-exposed solutions The most likely mechanism of decomposition of azo compounds by ultrasound is their thermolysis in the heated shell of the liquid surrounding cavitating bubbles driven by ultrasound and/or by pyrolysis inside these bubbles. Experiments using scavengers of •OH and •H, which are produced by sonolysis in aqueous solutions, demonstrated that these radicals are not involved in the ultrasound-mediated radical production from the azo compounds Due to the known cytotoxic potential of free radicals produced from azo compounds, the use of these compounds as ultrasound sensitizers appears to be a promising approach for sonodynamic cell killing.

Free Radical Research published new progress about Azo compounds Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 6054-98-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C14H8N2Na2O6, Recommanded Product: Sodium 5,5′-(diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(2-hydroxybenzoate).

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Shamsuzzama; Lebedev, Ron; Trabelcy, Benjamin; Langier Goncalves, Irina; Gerchman, Yoram; Sapir, Amir published the artcile< Metabolic Reconfiguration in C. elegans Suggests a Pathway for Widespread Sterol Auxotrophy in the Animal Kingdom>, Product Details of C27H44O, the main research area is cholesterol metabolism animal kingdom auxotrophy Caenorhabditis; C. elegans; Dauer larvae; animal kingdom; cholesterol; cholesterol auxotrophy; dafachronic acid; evolution of animals; gene loss; plant and fungal sterols; unicellular holozoa.

Cholesterol is one of the hallmarks of animals. In vertebrates, the cholesterol synthesis pathway (CSP) is the primary source of cholesterol that has numerous structural and regulative roles [1]. Nevertheless, the few invertebrates tested for cholesterol synthesis show complete sterol auxotrophy [2-6], raising questions about how animals thrive without cholesterol synthesis and about the prevalence of sterol auxotrophy in animals. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), sterols are the precursors of the steroid hormone dafachronic acid that coordinates development to adulthood [7, 8]; thus, sterol-deprived C. elegans arrest at the diapause “”dauer”” larval stage [9]. Using this system, we have identified a pathway that converts plant and fungal sterols into cholesterol through the activity of enzymes with sequence similarity to specific human CSP enzymes. Based on this finding, we propose that two critical steps shaped the evolution of animal sterol auxotrophy: (1) the loss of the orthologs of the first three enzymes of the CSP and (2) the co-opting of other downstream enzymes of the CSP for the utilization of dietary sterols. Using this mechanistic signature, we studied the evolution of cholesterol auxotrophy across the animal kingdom. Complete sets of CSP enzymes in basal animals suggest that the loss of cholesterol synthesis occurred during animal evolution. A sterol auxothropy signature in the genomes of many invertebrates, including nematodes and most arthropods, suggests widespread cholesterol auxotrophy in animals. Thus, we propose that this co-opted pathway supports widespread cholesterol auxotrophy by interkingdom interactions between cholesterol-auxotrophic animals and sterol-producing fungi and plants.

Current Biology published new progress about Amphimedon queenslandica. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Product Details of C27H44O.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Dahlund, Mats; Olin, Aake published the artcile< Chemical equilibria in aqueous solutions of olsalazine, 3,3'-azo-bis(6-hydroxybenzoic acid)>, Quality Control of 6054-98-4, the main research area is olsalazine chem equilibrium; azodisalicylate chem equilibrium; acidity azodisalicylate.

The protolytic reactions of olsalazine (I) were studied by solubility and spectrophotometric measurements at 25°. The I di-Na salt is the active component in a new drug against ulcerative colitis. The carboxylic acidity constants are pKa1 = 2.07 and pKa2 = 2.85 (0.1M NaCl) and the phenolic constants are pKa3 = 11.00 and pKa4 = 11.99 (0.25M NaCl). The solubility of H4A is 3.8 . 10-8M (0.1M NaCl). Two Na salts of the acid were studied. The solubility of NaH3A is moderate and can be calculated from its solubility product defined as Ks = [Na+][H+][H2A2-] = 1.7 x 10-10 M3. At total concentrations exceeding about 1 x 10-3 M, H2A2- starts to aggregate to form a dimer and also higher polymers. Diagrams are included to show the distribution of the I species as a function of log[H+] and total concentration, as well as the stability ranges of the solid phases.

Acta Pharmaceutica Suecica published new progress about Acidity. 6054-98-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C14H8N2Na2O6, Quality Control of 6054-98-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Drelon, Coralie; Rogers, Michael F.; Belalcazar, Helen M.; Secombe, Julie published the artcile< The histone demethylase KDM5 controls developmental timing in Drosophila by promoting prothoracic gland endocycles>, Name: (3S,9S,10R,13R,14R,17R)-10,13-Dimethyl-17-((R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-2,3,4,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol, the main research area is Drosophila DNA KDM5 prothoracic gland embryonic development; Drosophila; Ecdysone; Endocycle; KDM5; Lid; MAPK pathway; Prothoracic gland; Torso; Transcription.

In Drosophila, the larval prothoracic gland integrates nutritional status with developmental signals to regulate growth and maturation through the secretion of the steroid hormone ecdysone. While the nutritional signals and cellular pathways that regulate prothoracic gland function are relatively well studied, the transcriptional regulators that orchestrate the activity of this tissue remain less characterized. Here, we show that lysine demethylase 5 (KDM5) is essential for prothoracic gland function. Indeed, restoring kdm5 expression only in the prothoracic gland in an otherwise kdm5 null mutant animal is sufficient to rescue both the larval developmental delay and the pupal lethality caused by loss of KDM5. Our studies show that KDM5 functions by promoting the endoreplication of prothoracic gland cells, a process that increases ploidy and is rate limiting for the expression of ecdysone biosynthetic genes. Molecularly, we show that KDM5 activates the expression of the receptor tyrosine kinase torso, which then promotes polyploidization and growth through activation of the MAPK signaling pathway. Taken together, our studies provide key insights into the biol. processes regulated by KDM5 and expand our understanding of the transcriptional regulators that coordinate animal development.

Development (Cambridge, United Kingdom) published new progress about Corpus allatum Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Name: (3S,9S,10R,13R,14R,17R)-10,13-Dimethyl-17-((R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-2,3,4,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Nigovic, Biljana; Simunic, Branimir; Hocevar, Samo published the artcile< Voltammetric measurements of aminosalicylate drugs using bismuth film electrode>, Recommanded Product: Sodium 5,5′-(diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(2-hydroxybenzoate), the main research area is sulfasalazine olsalazine determination voltammetry bismuth film electrode tablet capsule.

A bismuth film electrode (BiFE) prepared ex-situ on a supporting glassy carbon electrode exhibited convenient electroanal. performance for voltammetric measurement of selected aminosalycilate drugs. The reduction behavior of aminosalycilate drugs was studied in aqueous solutions within the pH range of 4-6. The voltammetric responses were compared with those obtained at the bare glassy carbon electrode under identical conditions. In the square-wave voltammetric operation mode the BiFE showed a linear response in the concentration range of 5 × 10-6 to 3.5 × 10-4 and 1 × 10-6 to 5 × 10-4 M for sulfasalazine and olsalazine, resp. Its electrode surface revealed auspiciously high stability and remarkable reproducibility in the rapid anal. of aminosalycilate drugs. Finally, the BiFE was satisfactorily applied for direct quantitation of azo prodrugs in real pharmaceutical samples.

Electrochimica Acta published new progress about Film electrodes. 6054-98-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C14H8N2Na2O6, Recommanded Product: Sodium 5,5′-(diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(2-hydroxybenzoate).

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Van Der Straeten, Dominique; Strobbe, Simon published the artcile< Tomatoes supply the 'sunshine vitamin'>, Safety of (3S,9S,10R,13R,14R,17R)-10,13-Dimethyl-17-((R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-2,3,4,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol, the main research area is tomato supply sunshine vitamin.

Worldwide, vitamin D deficiency affects around 1 billion people. A recent study indicates that blocking a duplicated branch of phytosterol biosynthesis in tomato leads to provitamin D3 accumulation.

Nature Plants (London, United Kingdom) published new progress about Bioaccumulation. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Safety of (3S,9S,10R,13R,14R,17R)-10,13-Dimethyl-17-((R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-2,3,4,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Waldie, Sarah; Moulin, Martine; Porcar, Lionel; Pichler, Harald; Strohmeier, Gernot A.; Skoda, Maximilian; Forsyth, V. Trevor; Haertlein, Michael; Maric, Selma; Cardenas, Marite published the artcile< The Production of Matchout-Deuterated Cholesterol and the Study of Bilayer-Cholesterol Interactions>, SDS of cas: 434-16-2, the main research area is cholesterol lipid bilayer small angle neutron scattering MS NMR.

The deuteration of biomols. provides advanced opportunities for neutron scattering studies. For low resolution studies using techniques such as small-angle neutron scattering and neutron reflection, the level of deuteration of a sample can be varied to match the scattering length d. of a specific D2O/H2O solvent mixture This can be of major value in structural studies where specific regions of a complex system can be highlighted, and others rendered invisible. This is especially useful in analyses of the structure and dynamics of membrane components. In mammalian membranes, the presence of cholesterol is crucial in modulating the properties of lipids and in their interaction with proteins. Here, a protocol is described for the production of partially deuterated cholesterol which has a neutron scattering length d. that matches that of 100% D2O solvent (hereby named matchout cholesterol). The level of deuteration was determined by mass spectrometry and NMR. The cholesterol match-point was verified exptl. using small angle neutron scattering. The matchout cholesterol was used to investigate the incorporation of cholesterol in various phosphatidylcholine supported lipid bilayers by neutron reflectometry. The study included both saturated and unsaturated lipids, as well as lipids with varying chain lengths. It was found that cholesterol is distributed asym. within the bilayer, positioned closer to the headgroups of the lipids than to the middle of the tail core, regardless of the phosphatidylcholine species.

Scientific Reports published new progress about Bilayer membranes. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, SDS of cas: 434-16-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Youchao; Tian, Nana; Li, Chao; Hou, Yuanjun; Wang, Xuesong; Zhou, Qianxiong published the artcile< Incorporation of 7-dehydrocholesterol into liposomes as a simple, universal and efficient way to enhance anticancer activity by combining PDT and photoactivated chemotherapy>, Application In Synthesis of 434-16-2, the main research area is tumor antitumor photodynamic therapy dehydrocholesterol liposome.

Cholesterol (CHOL) is an indispensable component of liposomes. Incorporation of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) instead of CHOL can efficiently enhance the anticancer activity of photosensitizer-encapsulated liposomes upon irradiation, yielding an IC50 value about half of that of CHOL-based controls. The photo-oxidation of 7-DHC into its endoperoxide form by singlet oxygen may account for the enhanced therapeutic effect, realizing an efficient combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photoactivated chemotherapy.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) published new progress about Antitumor agents. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Application In Synthesis of 434-16-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts