Tag: M.W=300-350

Gadre, Dhanesh published the artcileEndotoxin reduction in protein solutions using octyl β-D-1-thioglucopyranoside wash on chromatography media, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(octylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, the publication is Journal of Chromatography A (2018), 49-58, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Endotoxins are complex mols. and one of the most challenging impurities requiring separation in biopharmaceutical protein purification processes. Usually these contaminants are cleared during the downstream process, but if endotoxin interacts with the target protein it becomes difficult to remove. In the present study we identified a detergent, octyl-β-D-1-thioglucopyranoside (OTG), that disrupted endotoxin-protein interactions. The integration of this detergent into washes on several chromatog. media was demonstrated to provide a separation tool for decreasing endotoxin from target proteins. This study also examined the mechanism of OTG endotoxin-protein disruption through phase modification incubation and chromatog. studies. The non-ionic OTG wash was shown to break both hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions between the endotoxin and protein. This mechanism contrasts with the breaking of hydrophobic interactions by washing with known endotoxin decreasing Triton X-100 detergent. The difference in mechanisms likely results in the ability of OTG to decrease endotoxin to levels less than those resulting from a detergent wash such as Triton X-100. Finally, we show the impact of the OTG endotoxin removal tool on the biopharmaceutical industry. While maintaining monomer purity and activity levels, endotoxin removal from a fusion protein allowed for decreased background levels in a T cell functional assay. The lowered baseline of T cell responses allowed for more effective detection of mol. interaction with the cells. The detergent wash can be used to both decrease the overall level of endotoxin in a purified protein solution and to enable more effective screening of lead candidate mols.

Journal of Chromatography A published new progress about 85618-21-9. 85618-21-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Tetrahydropyran,Chiral,sulfides,Alcohol, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(octylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, and the molecular formula is C14H28O5S, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(octylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Murthy, Niren published the artcileBioinspired pH-Responsive Polymers for the Intracellular Delivery of Biomolecular Drugs, Product Details of C13H15NO6S, the publication is Bioconjugate Chemistry (2003), 14(2), 412-419, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The biotechnol. and pharmaceutical industries have developed a wide variety of potential therapeutics based on the mols. of biol.: DNA, RNA, and proteins. While these therapeutics have tremendous potential, effectively formulating and delivering them have also been a widely recognized challenge. A variety of viruses and toxins have evolved multi-functional biomols. to solve this problem by directing cellular uptake and enhancing biomol. transport to the cytoplasm from the low pH endosomal compartment. In the study reported here, we have designed and synthesized bio-inspired, pH-responsive polymeric carriers, which we call “encrypted polymers”, that mimic the multi-functional design of biol. These encrypted polymers target and direct cellular uptake, as well as enhance cytosolic delivery by disrupting endosomal membranes in a pH-dependent fashion. We show that the encrypted polymeric carriers significantly enhance the delivery of oligonucleotides and peptides to the cytoplasm of cultured macrophages, demonstrating the potential of this approach for delivery of biotherapeutics and vaccines.

Bioconjugate Chemistry published new progress about 96345-79-8. 96345-79-8 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Sugar Units,Gal and Man, name is (2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(4-isothiocyanatophenoxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, and the molecular formula is C13H15NO6S, Product Details of C13H15NO6S.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Vichapong, Jitlada published the artcileAlternative spectrophotometric method for determination of bilirubin and urobilinogen in urine samples using simultaneous injection effective mixing flow analysis, Quality Control of 85618-21-9, the publication is Analytical Methods (2013), 5(9), 2419-2426, database is CAplus.

A new approach based on simultaneous injection effective mixing flow anal. (SIEMA) system was developed for the successive spectrophotometric determination of urobilinogen and bilirubin in urinary samples. A 4-channel SIEMA system consisted of a syringe pump, two 5-cross connectors, four holding coils (two of four were used for urobilinogen determination, and other two of four were used for bilirubin determination), five solenoid valves, a mixing coil and a spectrophotometer. For urobilinogen assay, the color development was based on the reaction with p-diethylaminobenzaldehyde (p-DEABA) in the presence of strong hydrochloric acid. On the other hand, bilirubin was measured by the reaction with diazotized sulfanilic acid in the presence of n-octyl-β-d-thioglucoside (OTG) which served as a solubilizing agent to form OTG-azobilirubin. Firstly for bilirubin determination, aliquots of sample and reagent solutions were aspirated into two individual holding coils by a syringe pump, and then the aspirated zones were simultaneously dispensed in the reverse direction to the detector flow cell. Secondary for urobilinogen determination, aliquots of sample and reagent for urobilinogen were aspirated into other two holding coils, followed by the similar spectrophotometric detection. Under optimal conditions, the automated method provided linearity up to 100.0 mg L^-1 for urobilinogen and 5.0 mg L^-1 for bilirubin. The 3σ limit of detections (LODs) for urobilinogen and bilirubin were 1.0 mg L^-1 and 0.003 mg L^-1, resp. The relative standard deviations (RSDs, n = 11) of 30 mg L^-1 urobilinogen and 1.0 mg L^-1 for bilirubin were 1.5% and 1.0%, resp. Sample throughput of the whole assay of both urobilinogen and bilirubin was 30 h^-1. The proposed method can be applied to trace urobilinogen and bilirubin in urine samples and the results are useful for screening diabetic diagnostic.

Analytical Methods published new progress about 85618-21-9. 85618-21-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Tetrahydropyran,Chiral,sulfides,Alcohol, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(octylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, and the molecular formula is C6H10O7, Quality Control of 85618-21-9.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gonzalez-Ramirez, Luis A. published the artcileInvestigation of the Compatibility of Gels with Precipitating Agents and Detergents in Protein Crystallization Experiments, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(octylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, the publication is Crystal Growth & Design (2008), 8(12), 4291-4296, database is CAplus.

Different types of gels are currently used as crystallization media avoiding convective fluid motion and sedimentation of crystals, two properties that are beneficial when seeking crystals of the highest quality for structural studies. The authors show in this paper the compatibility of the main precipitating agents, buffers, and additives, including some detergents employed in protein crystallization with certain gels, namely, agaroses with two different gelling temperatures, polyacrylamide and silica gels such as tetramethylorthosilicate.

Crystal Growth & Design published new progress about 85618-21-9. 85618-21-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Tetrahydropyran,Chiral,sulfides,Alcohol, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(octylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, and the molecular formula is C14H28O5S, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(octylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gestwicki, Jason E. published the artcileInfluencing Receptor-Ligand Binding Mechanisms with Multivalent Ligand Architecture, Synthetic Route of 96345-79-8, the publication is Journal of the American Chemical Society (2002), 124(50), 14922-14933, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Multivalent ligands can function as inhibitors or effectors of biol. processes. Potent inhibitory activity can arise from the high functional affinities of multivalent ligand-receptor interactions. Effector functions, however, are influenced not only by apparent affinities but also by alternate factors, including the ability of a ligand to cluster receptors. Little is known about the mol. features of a multivalent ligand that determine whether it will function as an inhibitor or effector. We envisioned that, by altering multivalent ligand architecture, ligands with preferences for different binding mechanisms would be generated. To this end, a series of 28 ligands possessing structural diversity was synthesized. This series provides the means to explore the effects of ligand architecture on the inhibition and clustering of a model protein, the lectin Con A (Con A). The structural parameters that were varied include scaffold shape, size, valency, and d. of binding elements. We found that ligands with certain architectures are effective inhibitors, but others mediate receptor clustering. Specifically, high mol. weight, polydisperse polyvalent ligands are effective inhibitors of Con A binding, whereas linear oligomeric ligands generated by the ring-opening metathesis polymerization have structural properties that favor clustering. The shape of a multivalent ligand also influences specific aspects of receptor clustering. These include the rate at which the receptor is clustered, the number of receptors in the clusters, and the average inter-receptor distance. Our results indicate that the architecture of a multivalent ligand is a key parameter in determining its activity as an inhibitor or effector. Diversity-oriented syntheses of multivalent ligands coupled with effective assays that can be used to compare the contributions of different binding parameters may afford ligands that function by specific mechanisms.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about 96345-79-8. 96345-79-8 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Sugar Units,Gal and Man, name is (2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(4-isothiocyanatophenoxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, and the molecular formula is C13H15NO6S, Synthetic Route of 96345-79-8.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Stuart, Marc C. A. published the artcileTwo distinct mechanisms of vesicle-to-micelle and micelle-to-vesicle transition are mediated by the packing parameter of phospholipid-detergent systems, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(octylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, the publication is Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Biomembranes (2007), 1768(11), 2681-2689, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The detergent solubilization and reformation of phospholipid vesicles was studied for various detergents. Two distinct mechanisms of vesicle-to-micelle and micelle-to-vesicle transition were observed by turbidimetry and cryo-electron microscopy. The first mechanism involves fast solubilization of phospholipids and occurs via open vesicular intermediates. The reverse process, micelle-to-vesicle transition, mimics the vesicle-to-micelle transition. In the second mechanism the solubilization is a slow process that proceeds via micelles that pinch off from closed vesicles. During vesicle reformation, the micelle-to-vesicle transition, a large number of densely packed multilamellar vesicles are formed. The route used, for solubilization and reformation, by a given detergent-phospholipid combination is critically dependent on the overall packing parameter of the detergent-saturated phospholipid membranes. By a change of the overall packing parameter the solubilization and or reformation mechanism could be changed. All five detergents tested fit within the proposed model. With two detergents the mechanism could be changed by changing the phospholipid composition or the medium conditions.

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Biomembranes published new progress about 85618-21-9. 85618-21-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Tetrahydropyran,Chiral,sulfides,Alcohol, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(octylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, and the molecular formula is C12H10F2Si, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(octylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Lopez de Laorden, Carlos published the artcileNanostructured Indium Tin Oxide Slides for Small-Molecule Profiling and Imaging Mass Spectrometry of Metabolites by Surface-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization MS, HPLC of Formula: 85618-21-9, the publication is Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC, United States) (2015), 87(1), 431-440, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Due to their elec. conductivity and optical transparency, slides coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO) are the standard substrate for protein imaging mass spectrometry on tissue samples by MALDI-TOF MS. The authors have now studied the radiofrequency magnetron sputtering deposition parameters to prepare ITO thin films on glass substrates with the required nanometric surface structure for their use in the matrix-free imaging of metabolites and small-mol. drugs, without affecting the transparency required for classical histol. The custom-made surfaces were characterized by at. force microscopy, SEM, ellipsometry, UV, and laser desorption ionization MS (LDI-MS) and employed for the LDI-MS-based anal. of glycans and druglike mols., the quantification of lactose in milk by isotopic dilution, and metabolite imaging on mouse brain tissue samples.

Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC, United States) published new progress about 85618-21-9. 85618-21-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Tetrahydropyran,Chiral,sulfides,Alcohol, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(octylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, and the molecular formula is C14H28O5S, HPLC of Formula: 85618-21-9.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Richter, David published the artcileZeBRα a universal, multi-fragment DNA-assembly-system with minimal hands-on time requirement, Formula: C14H28O5S, the publication is Scientific Reports (2019), 9(1), 1-16, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The recently evolved field of synthetic biol. has revolutionized the way we think of biol. as an “engineerable” discipline. The newly sprouted branch is constantly in need of simple, cost-effective and automatable DNA-assembly methods. We have developed a reliable DNA-assembly system, ZeBRα (Zero-Background Redα), for cloning multiple DNA-fragments seamlessly with very high efficiency. The hallmarks of ZeBRα are the greatly reduced hands-on time and costs and yet excellent efficiency and flexibility. ZeBRα combines a “zero-background vector” with a highly efficient in vitro recombination method. The suicide-gene in the vector acts as placeholder, and is replaced by the fragments-of-interest, ensuring the exclusive survival of the successful recombinants. Thereby the background from uncut or re-ligated vector is absent and screening for recombinant colonies is unnecessary. Multiple fragments-of-interest can be assembled into the empty vector by a recombinogenic E. coli-lysate (SLiCE) with a total time requirement of less than 48 h. We have significantly simplified the preparation of the high recombination-competent E. coli-lysate compared to the original protocol. ZeBRα is the least labor intensive among comparable state-of-the-art assembly/cloning methods without a trade-off in efficiency.

Scientific Reports published new progress about 85618-21-9. 85618-21-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Tetrahydropyran,Chiral,sulfides,Alcohol, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(octylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, and the molecular formula is C14H28O5S, Formula: C14H28O5S.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ogawa, Shigesaburo published the artcileGlass transition behavior of octyl β-D-glucoside and octyl β-D-thioglucoside/water binary mixtures, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is Carbohydrate Research (2010), 345(17), 2534-2541, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The lyotropic behavior and glass-forming properties of octyl β-D-glucoside (C8Glu) and octyl β-D-thioglucoside (C8SGlu)/water binary mixtures were evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry and polarizing optical microscopy. The mixture formed a glass in the supercooling state of liquid crystalline phases such as cubic, lamellar, and smectic. The glass transition temperature (T_g) of the mixture was strongly dependent on solute concentration, with a higher concentration correlating with a higher T_g. The exptl. T_g was consistent with the predicted value calculated using the Couchman-Karasz equation in both the C8Glu and C8SGlu/water mixtures The change of heat capacity at T_g showed the two bending points under variation of concentrations And the highest temperature of phase transition from lamellar to isotropic solution was observed at around 50% molar concentration It was expected that non-percolated state of water existed in extremely higher concentration ranges.

Carbohydrate Research published new progress about 85618-21-9. 85618-21-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Tetrahydropyran,Chiral,sulfides,Alcohol, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(octylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, and the molecular formula is C14H28O5S, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Kowatz, Thomas published the artcileCharacterization of human β,β-carotene-15,15′-monooxygenase (BCMO1) as a soluble monomeric enzyme, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(octylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, the publication is Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics (2013), 539(2), 214-222, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The formal first step in vitamin A metabolism is the conversion of its natural precursor β,β-carotene (C40) to retinaldehyde (C20). This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme β,β-carotene-15,15′-monooxygenase (BCMO1). BCMO1 has been cloned from several vertebrate species, including humans. However, knowledge about this protein’s enzymic and structural properties is scant. Here we expressed human BCMO1 in Spodoptera frugiperda 9 insect cells. Recombinant BCMO1 is a soluble protein that displayed Michaelis-Menten kinetics with a K_m of 14 μM for β,β-carotene. Though addition of detergents failed to increase BCMO1 enzymic activity, short chain aliphatic detergents such as C₈E₄ and C₈E₆ decreased enzymic activity probably by interacting with the substrate binding site. Thus we purified BCMO1 in the absence of detergent. Purified BCMO1 was a monomeric enzymically active soluble protein that did not require cofactors and displayed a turnover rate of about 8 mols. of β,β-carotene per s. The aqueous solubility of BCMO1 was confirmed in mouse liver and mammalian cells. Establishment of a protocol that yields highly active homogenous BCMO1 is an important step towards clarifying the lipophilic substrate interaction, reaction mechanism and structure of this vitamin A forming enzyme.

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics published new progress about 85618-21-9. 85618-21-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Tetrahydropyran,Chiral,sulfides,Alcohol, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(octylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, and the molecular formula is C14H28O5S, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(octylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts