Tag: M.W=200-300

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Nucleophilic substitution of aromatic chlorine in diazonium ions by bromide ions》. Authors are Lamm, Bo.The article about the compound:3-Bromo-4-chloronitrobenzenecas:16588-26-4,SMILESS:BrC1=C(C=CC(=C1)[N+](=O)[O-])Cl).Recommanded Product: 3-Bromo-4-chloronitrobenzene. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:16588-26-4) is conveyed.

To determine why a Cl atom in a suitably substituted diazonium ion should not be replaced by a Br- ion, the reaction of 2-chloro-5-nitrobenzenediazonium ion in an HBr-AcOH-H2O medium at 25° was studied. It was found that some of the aromatic Cl is “”frozen in”” and no quant. conversion of aromatic Cl to Br can occur; the reverse reactions are considerably more rapid than the forward ones, so that a small amount of Cl- ions generated in the exchange reaction produces an equilibrium containing comparable amounts of each, despite the large excess of HBr; and the equilibrium is continually being disturbed by the side-reactions, which cannot be suppressed by increasing the Br- ion concentration

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Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: 3-Bromo-4-chloronitrobenzene, is researched, Molecular C6H3BrClNO2, CAS is 16588-26-4, about Utilization of a Hydrogen Source from Renewable Lignocellulosic Biomass for Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes. Author is Tan, Fang-Fang; Tang, Kai-Li; Zhang, Ping; Guo, Yan-Jun; Qu, Mengnan; Li, Yang.

Herein, the utilization of a hydrogen source from renewable lignocellulosic biomass, one of the most abundant renewable sources in nature, for a hydrogenation of nitroarenes was described. The hydrogenation was demonstrated by reduction of nitroarenes to arylamines e.g., I in up to 95% yields. Mechanism studies suggested that the hydrogenation occurred via a hydrogen transformation pathway.

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Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 16588-26-4, is researched, Molecular C6H3BrClNO2, about A Predictive Substrate Model for Rat Glutathione S-Transferase 4-4, the main research direction is glutathione transferase predictive substrate model.Application of 16588-26-4.

Mol. modeling techniques have been used to derive a substrate model for class mu rat glutathione S-transferase 4-4 (GST 4-4). Information on regio- and stereoselective product formation of 20 substrates covering three chem. and structurally different classes was used to construct a substrate model containing three interaction sites responsible for Lewis acid-Lewis base interactions (IS1, IS2, and IS3), as well as a region responsible for aromatic interactions (IS4). Exptl. data suggest that the first protein interaction site (pIS1, interacting with IS1) corresponds with Tyr115, while the other protein interaction sites (pIS2 and pIS3) probably correspond with other Lewis acidic amino acids. All substrates exhibited pos. mol. electrostatic potentials (MEPs) near the site of conjugation with glutathione (GSH), as well as neg. MEP values near the position of groups with Lewis base properties (IS1, IS2, or IS3), which interact with pIS1, pIS2, or pIS3, resp. Obviously, complementarity between the MEPs of substrates and protein in specific regions is important. The substrate specificity and stereoselectivity of GST 4-4 are most likely determined by pIS1 and the distance between the site of GSH attack and Lewis base atoms in the substrates which interact with either pIS2, pIS3, or a combination of these sites. Interaction between aromatic regions in the substrate with aromatic amino acids in the protein further stabilizes the substrate in the active site. The predictive value of the model has been evaluated by rationalizing the conjugation to GSH of 11 substrates of GST 4-4 (representing 3 classes of compounds) which were not used to construct the model. All known metabolites of these substrates are explained with the model. As the computer-aided predictions appear to correlate well with exptl. results, the presented substrate model may be useful to identify new potential GST 4-4 substrates.

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Application of 16588-26-4. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: 3-Bromo-4-chloronitrobenzene, is researched, Molecular C6H3BrClNO2, CAS is 16588-26-4, about Gold-catalyzed direct hydrogenative coupling of nitroarenes to synthesize aromatic azo compounds. Author is Liu, Xiang; Li, Hai-Qian; Ye, Sen; Liu, Yong-Mei; He, He-Yong; Cao, Yong.

The azo linkage is a prominent chem. motif which has found numerous applications in materials science, pharmaceuticals, and agrochems. Described herein is a sustainable heterogeneous-gold-catalyzed synthesis of azo arenes. Available nitroarenes are deoxygenated and linked selectively by the formation of N-N bonds using mol. H2 without any external additives. As a result of a unique and remarkable synergy between the metal and support, a facile surface-mediated condensation of nitroso and hydroxylamine intermediates is enabled, and the desired transformation proceeds in a highly selective manner under mild reaction conditions. The protocol tolerates a large variety of functional groups and offers a general and versatile method for the environmentally friendly synthesis of sym. or asym. aromatic azo compounds © 2014 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

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Jorgensen, William L.; Bollini, Mariela; Thakur, Vinay V.; Domaoal, Robert A.; Spasov, Krasimir A.; Anderson, Karen S. published the article 《Efficient Discovery of Potent Anti-HIV Agents Targeting the Tyr181Cys Variant of HIV Reverse Transcriptase》. Keywords: HIV Reverse Transcriptase inhibitor antiaids pyrimidinyl benzonitrile analog preparation.They researched the compound: 3-Bromo-4-chloronitrobenzene( cas:16588-26-4 ).Related Products of 16588-26-4. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocyclic and fused heterocyclic. In addition, there is a lot of other information about this compound (cas:16588-26-4) here.

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) that interfere with the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are being pursued with guidance from mol. modeling including free-energy perturbation (FEP) calculations for protein-inhibitor binding affinities. The previously reported pyrimidinylphenylamine 1 (I) and its chloro analog 2 are potent anti-HIV agents; they inhibit replication of wild-type HIV-1 in infected human T-cells with EC50 values of 2 and 10 nM, resp. However, they show no activity against viral strains containing the Tyr181Cys (Y181C) mutation in HIV-RT. Modeling indicates that the problem is likely associated with extensive interaction between the dimethylallyloxy substituent and Tyr181. As an alternative, a phenoxy group is computed to be oriented in a manner diminishing the contact with Tyr181. However, this replacement leads to a roughly 1000-fold loss of activity for 3 (2.5 μM). The present report details the efficient, computationally driven evolution of 3 to novel NNRTIs with sub-10 nM potency toward both wild-type HIV-1 and Y181C-containing variants. The critical contributors were FEP substituent scans for the phenoxy and pyrimidine rings and recognition of potential benefits of addition of a cyanovinyl group to the phenoxy ring.

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Reference of 3-Bromo-4-chloronitrobenzene. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: 3-Bromo-4-chloronitrobenzene, is researched, Molecular C6H3BrClNO2, CAS is 16588-26-4, about Synthesis of phenothiazines via ligand-free CuI-catalyzed cascade C-S and C-N coupling of aryl ortho-dihalides and ortho-aminobenzenethiols. Author is Dai, Chuan; Sun, Xiaofei; Tu, Xingzhao; Wu, Li; Zhan, Dan; Zeng, Qingle.

A ligand-free CuI-catalyzed cascade C-S and C-N cross coupling of (hetero)aryl ortho-dihalides and ortho-aminobenzenethiols has been developed, and various phenothiazines were synthesized with excellent regioselectivity. A possible mechanism is proposed for the cascade coupling.

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Oh, Yoo Jin; Yum, Eul Kgun published an article about the compound: tert-Butyl 5-bromo-1H-indazole-1-carboxylate( cas:651780-02-8,SMILESS:CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1N=CC2=CC(Br)=CC=C12 ).COA of Formula: C12H13BrN2O2. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be classified according to the number of heteroatoms or the size of the ring. The authors also want to convey more information about this compound (cas:651780-02-8) through the article.

Diverse mono or biaryl substituents were introduced to indazole moieties under microwave-assisted palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions with isomeric bromoindazoles and aryl boronic acids. 1,3-Disubstituted indazoles were also obtained by C=C or C-N coupling of monosubstituted indazoles with functionalized terminal alkenes and arylhalides. Facile introduction of diverse substituents to indazoles showed useful synthetic approach for creating indazole compound library to discover biol. active small mols.

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In organic chemistry, atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are generally referred to as heteroatoms. The most common heteroatoms are nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Now I present to you an article called Structural basis for itraconazole-mediated NPC1 inhibition, published in 2020-12-31, which mentions a compound: 16588-26-4, mainly applied to ovarian cell NPC1 itraconazole sterol sensing domain cholesterol, Recommanded Product: 3-Bromo-4-chloronitrobenzene.

Niemann-Pick C1, a lysosomal protein of 13 transmembrane helixes and three lumenal domains, exports low-d.-lipoprotein-derived cholesterol from lysosomes. TMs 3-7 of NPC1 comprise the sterol-sensing domain. Previous studies suggest that mutation of the NPC1-SSD or the addition of the anti-fungal drug itraconazole abolishes NPC1 activity in cells. However, the itraconazole binding site and the mechanism of NPC1-mediated cholesterol transport remain unknown. Here, we report a cryo-EM structure of human NPC1 bound to itraconazole, which reveals how this binding site in the center of NPC1 blocks a putative lumenal tunnel linked to the SSD. Functional assays confirm that blocking this tunnel abolishes NPC1-mediated cholesterol egress. Intriguingly, the palmitate anchor of Hedgehog occupies a similar site in the homologous tunnel of Patched, suggesting a conserved mechanism for sterol transport in this family of proteins and establishing a central function of their SSDs.

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Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: 3-Bromo-4-chloronitrobenzene, is researched, Molecular C6H3BrClNO2, CAS is 16588-26-4, about Ligand-free Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling with low Pd content: rapid development by a fluorescence-based high-throughput screening method. Author is Lim, Taeho; Ryoo, Jeong Yup; Jang, Mingyeong; Han, Min Su.

In this study, a highly efficient Suzuki-Miyaura (SM) cross-coupling was developed using metal oxide catalysts: 0.02 mol% Pd, aqueous solvent, no ligand, and room temperature Metal oxides containing low Pd content (ppm scale) were prepared by a simple co-precipitation method and used as a catalyst for the SM reaction. A fluorescence-based high-throughput screening (HTS) method was developed for the rapid evaluation of catalytic activity and reaction conditions. Among the various metal oxides, Pd/Fe2O3 showed the highest activity for the SM reaction. After further optimization by HTS, various biaryl compounds RR1 (R = 2-formylphenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 2-chloro-5-nitrophenyl, etc.; R1 = Ph, 6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl, pyren-1-yl, 4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl) were obtained under optimal conditions: Pd/Fe2O3 (0.02 mol% Pd) in aqueous ethanol at mild temperature without any ligands.

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The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Nuclear-substituted derivatives of 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone》. Authors are Berg, S. S..The article about the compound:3-Bromo-4-chloronitrobenzenecas:16588-26-4,SMILESS:BrC1=C(C=CC(=C1)[N+](=O)[O-])Cl).Application of 16588-26-4. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:16588-26-4) is conveyed.

The therapeutic effect of (4-H3NC6H4)3SO3 prompted the investigation of the halogen derivatives; these were tested orally in vivo against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes in mice; a decrease in toxicity in the order Cl < Br < iodine, together with corresponding decrease in activity, was observed 2,4-Br(O2N)C6H3NH2 (18.5 g.), through the diazo reaction, gives 12.5 g. 1-chloro-2-bromo-4-nitrobenzene, b0.1 100°, m. 61°. p-O2NC6H4SH (1.55 g.) and 0.4 g. NaOH in 20 cc. EtOH, added to 1.9 g. 3,4-Cl2C6H3NO2 in 10 cc. EtOH and refluxed 2 h., give 1.3 g. 2-chloro-4,4'-dinitrodiphenyl sulfide (I), yellow, m. 144°; the 2-Br analog, yellow, m. 159°, and the 2-I analog, yellow, m. 168°. 3,4-Cl2C6H3NO2 (15 g.) in 60 cc. EtOH, treated (5 min.) with 10 g. Na2S.9H2O in 40 cc. 25% aqueous EtOH and refluxed 6 h., gives 7.2 g. [2,4-Cl(O2N)C6H3]2S, yellow, m. 163°; the portion (3 g.) insoluble in 95% AcOH is the compound C24H12O5N4Cl4S2, probably RN(→O):NR, where R = 3,4-Cl[2,4-Cl(O2N)C6H3S]C6H3S-, red, m. 195°. 2,2'-Diiodo-4,4'-dinitrodiphenyl sulfide (II), pale red, m. 186°. 2,4-Br(O2N)C6H3OH yields an acetate (III), pale yellow, m. 86°; 13 g. III, 7.8 g. p-O2NC6H4SH, 3 g. K2CO3, and 100 cc. Me2CO, refluxed 2 h., yield 6 g. 4,4'-dinitro-2-acetoxydiphenyl sulfide (IV), yellow, m. 100°. Dropwise addition of 7.5 g. KMnO4 in 50 cc. hot H2O to 10 g. I in 150 cc. boiling AcOH gives 8 g. 2-chloro-4,4'-dinitrodiphenyl sulfone (V), m. 182-3°; 2-Br analog, m. 162°, 2-I analog, pale yellow, m. 165°; the sulfone from II, yellow, m. 260°. IV yields 4,4'-dinitro-2-hydroxydiphenyl disulfone, yellow, m. 216°. Reduced Fe (10 g.), added slowly to 5 g. V in 200 cc. boiling AcOH and the mixture heated 10 min. at 90°, gives 3 g. 2-chloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, pale yellow, m. 114°; 2-Br analog, yellow, m. 157°; 2-I analog, buff, m. 207°. 2,2'-Dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, orange, m. 263°; 2,2'-di-I analog, m. 280°. 4,4'-Diamino-2-hydroxydiphenyl sulfone, m. 134-5° [sulfate, m. 208° (decomposition)] (cf. Burton and Hoggarth, C.A. 39, 4854.7). Here is just a brief introduction to this compound(16588-26-4)Application of 16588-26-4, more information about the compound(3-Bromo-4-chloronitrobenzene) is in the article, you can click the link below.

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