Tag: M.W=200-250

Zhang, Y-J; Zhao, H; Dong, L; Zhen, Y-F; Xing, H-Y; Ma, H-J; Song, G-Y published the artcile< Resveratrol ameliorates high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance and fatty acid oxidation via ATM-AMPK axis in skeletal muscle.>, COA of Formula: C14H12O3, the main research area is .

OBJECTIVE: Resveratrol (RSV) is a polyphenolic phytoalexin that exhibits diverse pharmacological actions, including its effect on the insulin resistance. However, the mechanism through which RSV improves insulin resistance is not fully understood yet. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanism through which RSV ameliorates insulin resistance in skeletal muscle of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mouse model, as well as palmitic acid (PA) treated L6 cells, with a specific focus on the response of RSV on fatty acid oxidation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male C57BL6/J mice were randomly divided into three groups: normal diet-fed mice (ND), the high-fat diet-fed mice (HFD), HFD supplemented with RSV (100 mg/kg body weight [BW]/day orally; n = 10). Fasting plasma glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and free fatty acid levels were determined. The intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test was used to measure blood glucose and area under the curve. The quantitative insulin sensitivity index was calculated to assess insulin resistance. Skeletal muscles were collected for histology study and protein expression measurement. L6 cells were cultured with PA and the glucose concentration in the culture medium, and the intracellular TG levels were tested. RSV, chloroquine, palmitoyltransferase and Ku-55933 were administered to differentiate L6 cells. RESULTS: The HFD fed mice showed increased BW, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia. The expressions of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, cytochrome oxidase subunit IV protein were significantly decreased in the skeletal muscles of HFD fed mice and PA-treated L6 cells. All these effects induced by HFD and PA were reversed by RSV treatment. CONCLUSIONS: ATM is a key factor to improve HFD-induced lipid metabolism and insulin resistance in skeletal muscles. The effects of RSV on ameliorating HFD-induced abnormal lipid metabolism and insulin resistance mediated through ATM-AMPK pathway may due to its improvement in fatty acid oxidation efficiency and sequential reduction in ROS production in skeletal muscle. These results provide important theoretical evidence for the application of RSV in the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus and related metabolic diseases.

European review for medical and pharmacological sciences published new progress about 501-36-0 . 501-36-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C14H12O3, COA of Formula: C14H12O3.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chimento, Adele; De Amicis, Francesca; Sirianni, Rosa; Sinicropi, Maria Stefania; Puoci, Francesco; Casaburi, Ivan; Saturnino, Carmela; Pezzi, Vincenzo published the artcile< Progress to improve oral bioavailability and beneficial effects of resveratrol>, Formula: C14H12O3, the main research area is review resveratrol oral bioavailability beneficial effect; resveratrol; resveratrol bioavailability; resveratrol delivery systems; resveratrol derivatives.

A review. Resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene; RSV) is a natural nonflavonoid polyphenol present in many species of plants, particularly in grapes, blueberries, and peanuts. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that in addition to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective and neuroprotective actions, it exhibits antitumor properties. In mammalian models, RSV is extensively metabolized and rapidly eliminated and therefore it shows a poor bioavailability, in spite it of its lipophilic nature. During the past decade, in order to improve RSV low aqueous solubility, absorption, membrane transport, and its poor bioavailability, various methodol. approaches and different synthetic derivatives have been developed. In this review, we will describe the strategies used to improve pharmacokinetic characteristics and then beneficial effects of RSV. These methodol. approaches include RSV nanoencapsulation in lipid nanocarriers or liposomes, nanoemulsions, micelles, insertion into polymeric particles, solid dispersions, and nanocrystals. Moreover, the biol. results obtained on several synthetic derivatives containing different substituents, such as methoxylic, hydroxylic groups, or halogens on the RSV aromatic rings, will be described. Results reported in the literature are encouraging but require addnl. in vivo studies, to support clin. applications.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about Arachis hypogaea. 501-36-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C14H12O3, Formula: C14H12O3.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Yang, Lichen; Uemura, Nao; Nakao, Yoshiaki published the artcile< meta-Selective C-H Borylation of Benzamides and Pyridines by an Iridium-Lewis Acid Bifunctional Catalyst>, Related Products of 660867-80-1, the main research area is meta selective borylation benzamide pyridine iridium aluminum bifunctional catalyst; borane pyridyl benzamide derivative preparation.

The authors report herein the Ir-catalyzed meta-selective C-H borylation of benzamides by using a newly designed 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy) ligand bearing an alkylaluminum biphenoxide moiety. The authors also demonstrate the Ir-catalyzed C3-selective C-H borylation of pyridine with a 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen) ligand bearing an alkylborane moiety. Probably the Lewis acid-base interaction between the Lewis acid moiety and the aminocarbonyl group or the sp2-hybridized N atom accelerates the reaction and controls the site-selectivity.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about Benzamides Role: RCT (Reactant), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), RACT (Reactant or Reagent), PREP (Preparation). 660867-80-1 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C12H18BNO2, Related Products of 660867-80-1.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Li, Guilin; Zhao, Hang; Guo, Dezheng; Liu, Zhenguo; Wang, Hongfang; Sun, Qinghua; Liu, Qingxin; Xu, Baohua; Guo, Xingqi published the artcile< Distinct molecular impact patterns of abamectin on Apis mellifera ligustica and Apis cerana cerana>, Name: D-Glucosaccharic acid, the main research area is abamectin mortality metabolism Apis; Abamectin; Bees; Comparison analysis; Molecular effects; Mortality rate; Multiomics.

The effects of insecticides on bee health are a topic of intensive research. Although abamectin is toxic to bees, the mol. impact of abamectin needs to be clarified. Here, we found that Apis cerana cerana exhibited a higher mortality rate when exposed to abamectin than Apis mellifera ligustica. In addition, A. cerana cerana had markedly higher numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) than A. mellifera ligustica during exposure to abamectin. These results indicate that abamectin exposure exerts stronger effects on A. cerana cerana than on A. mellifera ligustica. In addition, six DEGs, two DEPs and two DEMs overlapped between the two bee species under abamectin exposure; however, some genes or proteins from the zinc finger protein, superoxide dismutase and peroxiredoxin families and the energy metabolism pathway were only unregulated in A. cerana cerana, which indicates a significant difference in the impact of abamectin on the two bee species. Despite these differences, several of the same gene families, such as heat shock proteins, cytochrome P 450, odorant-binding proteins and cuticle proteins, and pathways, including the carbohydrate metabolism, immune system, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, sensory system, locomotion and development pathways, were influenced by abamectin exposure in both A. cerana cerana and A. mellifera ligustica. Together, our results indicate that abamectin causes adverse effects on bees and thus poses a risk to bee populations and that abamectin exposure affects A. cerana cerana more strongly than A. mellifera ligustica. These findings improve our understanding of the behavioral and physiol. effects of abamectin on bees.

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety published new progress about Amino acid metabolism disorders. 87-73-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H10O8, Name: D-Glucosaccharic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhang, Yuandi; Xu, Jingguo; Ding, Fang; Deng, Wanyu; Wang, Xi; Xue, Yansong; Chen, Xiaoxue; Han, Bei-Zhong published the artcile< Multidimensional profiling indicates the shifts and functionality of wheat-origin microbiota during high-temperature Daqu incubation>, HPLC of Formula: 87-73-0, the main research area is multidimensional profiling wheat microbiota high temperature Daqu incubation; Daqu; Incubation; Microbiota; Non-VOCs; VOCs; Wheat.

Wheat-origin microbiota is a critical factor in the assembly of the microbial community during high-temperature Daqu incubation. However, the succession and functional mechanisms of these microbial communities in Daqu are still unclear. This study investigated the shifts in microbiota diversity from the wheat to the end of incubation by the third generation Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) single-mol., real-time (SMRT) sequencing technol. Results indicated that Staphylococcus, Pantoea, Alternaria, and Mycosphaerella were the dominant genera of wheat-origin microbiota while Bacillus and Thermoascus were the most predominant bacterial and fungal genera of Daqu microbiota, resp. Metabolite detection revealed that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) changed obviously in different incubation stages and the 7th day to the 15th day of incubation was the critical period for the formation of VOCs. The content of non-VOCs, especially sugars, increased steeply in the first four days of incubation. The network anal. between microbes and metabolites showed that Thermoactinomyces and Staphylococcus had opposite correlations with most non-VOCs. Alternaria and Mycosphaerella had strong pos. correlations with fructose. As key functional fungal genera in wheat-origin microbiota, Mycosphaerella, Aspergillus, and Alternaria participated in multiple metabolic pathways (gluconeogenesis I, sucrose degradation III, pentose phosphate pathway, 5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide biosynthesis I, Me ketone biosynthesis, and GDP-mannose biosynthesis) at the early stage of incubation, which played an important role in the formation of flavors and succession of microbiota. This work highlighted the shifts and functionality of wheat-origin microbiota in Daqu incubation, which can be a guideline to stabilize Daqu quality by wheat-origin microbiota control.

Food Research International published new progress about Alcoholic beverages (Daqu). 87-73-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H10O8, HPLC of Formula: 87-73-0.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Weldu, Welday Desta; Wang, Cheng-Chung published the artcile< Selective Acetylation of Non-anomeric Groups of per-O-Trimethylsilylated Sugars>, Application In Synthesis of 5505-63-5, the main research area is TMSOTf catalyzed protecting group aminoglycoside preparation regioselective acetylation.

Selective modification of the hydroxyl groups of sugars has been a long-standing challenge due to their proximate relative reactivity. Herein, we report a TMSOTf-catalyzed selective acetylation of the non-anomeric hydroxyl groups of several per-O-TMS-protected sugar substrates while leaving their anomeric group unaffected. In addition to standing versatile by itself, the anomeric O-TMS group left intact can be functionalized to afford key sugar precursors such as imidate donors, which could otherwise be synthesized via a stepwise anomeric deprotection-functionalization procedure.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about Acetylation catalysts. 5505-63-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H14ClNO5, Application In Synthesis of 5505-63-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Liu, Yinglong; Hou, Wenpeng; Jin, Jie; Christensen, Michael J.; Gu, Lijun; Cheng, Chen; Wang, Jianfeng published the artcile< Epichloe gansuensis increases the tolerance of Achnatherum inebrians to low-p stress by modulating amino acids metabolism and phosphorus utilization efficiency>, Formula: C6H10O8, the main research area is Epichloe Achnatherum growth phosphorus amino acid; Epichloë gansuensis; grass; low P stress; metabolomics.

In the long-term evolutionary process, Achnatherum inebrians and seed-borne endophytic fungi, Epichloe gansuensis, formed a mutually beneficial symbiosis relationship, and Epichloe gansuensis has an important biol. role in improving the tolerance of host grasses to abiotic stress. In this work, we first assessed the effects of Epichloe gansuensis on dry weight, the content of C, N, P and metal ions, and metabolic pathway of amino acids, and phosphorus utilization efficiency (PUE) of Achnatherum inebrians at low P stress. Our results showed that the dry weights, the content of alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, glycine, glutamine, glutamic acid, L-asparagine, lysine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, and tryptophan were higher in leaves of Epichloe gansuensis-infected (E+) Achnatherum inebrians than Epichloe gansuensis-uninfected (E-) Achnatherum inebrians at low P stress. Further, Epichloe gansuensis increased C content of roots compared to the root of E- plant at 0.01 mM P and 0.5 mM P; Epichloe gansuensis increased K content of leaves compared to the leaf of E- plant at 0.01 mM P and 0.5 mM P. Epichloe gansuensis reduced Ca content of roots compared to the root of E- plant at 0.01 mM P and 0.5 mM P; Epichloe gansuensis reduced the content of Mg and Fe in leaves compared to the leaf of E- plant at 0.01 mM P and 0.5 mM P. In addition, at low P stress, Epichloe gansuensis most probably influenced aspartate and glutamate metabolism; valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis in leaves; and arginine and proline metabolism; alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism in roots. Epichloe gansuensis also affected the content of organic acid and stress-related metabolites at low P stress. In conclusion, Epichloe gansuensis improves Achnatherum inebrians growth at low P stress by regulating the metabolic pathway of amino acids, amino acids content, organic acid content, and increasing PUE.

Journal of Fungi published new progress about Achnatherum inebrians. 87-73-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H10O8, Formula: C6H10O8.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Khan, M. A.; Al-Attas, Tareq A.; Yasri, Nael G.; Zhao, Heng; Larter, Stephen; Hu, Jinguang; Kibria, Golam Md published the artcile< Techno-economic analysis of solar-powered biomass electrolysis pathway for coproduction of hydrogen and value-added chemicals>, Formula: C6H10O8, the main research area is hydrogen techno economic analysis solar biomass electrolysis.

Electrochem. oxidation of biomass to fuels and value-added chems. represents an emerging strategy for storing renewable energy and achieving a higher grade of sustainability in chem. industries. While research is still in its infancy, it is important to analyze the economic feasibility of such a process. In this study, we present a detailed techno-economic anal. (TEA) of a potential photo-biorefinery approach for sunlight-driven electro-oxidation of glucose to produce valuable fuels and chems. i.e., H2, gluconic acid (GNA) and glucaric acid (GRA). Under a base case scenario, the results are promising with a min. selling price (MSP) of GRA at $6.94 per kg, which will be ~70% lower than the current market price. The detailed breakdown and sensitivity anal. suggest that unlike conventional water electrolysis, the cost of raw materials and separation has a significant impact on the economics. Furthermore, we also establish performance targets for conversion (90%), selectivity (90%), feed concentration (0.5 M) and operating c.d. (0.4 A cm-2) such that if these targets are achieved, photo-electrochem. conversion of biomass to fuels and chems. can become a very profitable option with a MSP of GRA as low as $1.42 per kg.

Sustainable Energy & Fuels published new progress about Analysis (Techno-economic). 87-73-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H10O8, Formula: C6H10O8.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Malaguarnera, Lucia published the artcile< Influence of resveratrol on the immune response>, Electric Literature of 501-36-0 , the main research area is review resveratrol immune response; B lymphocytes; T lymphocytes; immune response; macrophages; natural killer; resveratrol.

A review. Resveratrol is the most well-known polyphenolic stilbenoid, present in grapes, mulberries, peanuts, rhubarb, and in several other plants. Resveratrol can play a beneficial role in the prevention and in the progression of chronic diseases related to inflammation such as diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration, and cancers among other conditions. Moreover, resveratrol regulates immunity by interfering with immune cell regulation, proinflammatory cytokines’ synthesis, and gene expression. At the mol. level, it targets sirtuin, adenosine monophosphate kinase, nuclear factor- κB, inflammatory cytokines, anti-oxidant enzymes along with cellular processes such as gluconeogenesis, lipid metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. Resveratrol can suppress the toll-like receptor (TLR) and pro-inflammatory genes’ expression. The antioxidant activity of resveratrol and the ability to inhibit enzymes involved in the production of eicosanoids contribute to its anti-inflammation properties. The effects of this biol. active compound on the immune system are associated with widespread health benefits for different autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. This review offers a systematic understanding of how resveratrol targets multiple inflammatory components and exerts immune-regulatory effects on immune cells.

Nutrients published new progress about B cell. 501-36-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C14H12O3, Electric Literature of 501-36-0 .

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Pandey, Renu; Collins, Meghan; Lu, Xiyuan; Sweeney, Shannon R.; Chiou, Jennifer; Lodi, Alessia; Tiziani, Stefano published the artcile< Novel Strategy for Untargeted Chiral Metabolomics using Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Tandem Mass Spectrometry>, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is untargeted chiral metabolomics liquid chromatog high resolution mass spectrometry; tandem.

Stereospecific recognition of metabolites plays a significant role in the detection of potential disease biomarkers thereby providing new insights in diagnosis and prognosis. D-Hdroxy/amino acids are recognized as potential biomarkers in several metabolic disorders. Despite continuous advances in metabolomics technologies, the simultaneous measurement of different classes of enantiomeric metabolites in a single anal. run remains challenging. Here, we develop a novel strategy for untargeted chiral metabolomics of hydroxy/amine groups (-OH/-NH2) containing metabolites, including all hydroxy acids (HAs) and amino acids (AAs), by chiral derivatization coupled with liquid chromatog.-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HR-MS/MS). Diacetyl-tartaric anhydride (DATAN) was used for the simultaneous derivatization of-OH/-NH2 containing metabolites as well as the resulting diastereomers, and all the derivatized metabolites were resolved in a single anal. run. Data independent MS/MS acquisition (DIA) was applied to pos. identify DATAN-labeled metabolites based on reagent specific diagnostic fragment ions. We discriminated chiral from achiral metabolites based on the reversal of elution order of D and L isomers derivatized with the enantiomeric pair (±) of DATAN in an untargeted manner. Using the developed strategy, a library of 301 standards that consisted of 214 chiral and 87 achiral metabolites were separated and detected in a single anal. run. This approach was then applied to investigate the enantioselective metabolic profile of the bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) plasma samples from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at diagnosis and following completion of the induction phase of chemotherapeutic treatment. The sensitivity and selectivity of the developed method enabled the detection of trace levels of the D-enantiomer of HAs and AAs in primary plasma patient samples. Several of these metabolites were significantly altered in response to chemotherapy. The developed LC-HR-MS method entails a valuable step forward in chiral metabolomics.

Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC, United States) published new progress about Acute myeloid leukemia. 87-73-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H10O8, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts