Tag: M.W=200-250

Sanchez de Miguel, Lourdes published the artcileComparison of in vitro effects of triflusal and acetylsalicylic acid on nitric oxide synthesis by human neutrophils, HPLC of Formula: 328-90-5, the publication is European Journal of Pharmacology (1998), 343(1), 57-65, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Recent studies have suggested that the protective anti-ischemic effects of acetylsalicylic acid are stronger than the inhibition of platelet thromboxane A₂ synthesis. Since ischemic events still occur in acetylsalicylic acid-treated patients, the development of new drugs with more powerful protective effects is needed. The authors compared the effects of a new platelet antiaggregating drug, 2-acetoxy-4-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid (triflusal) and of acetylsalicylic acid on the interaction between human neutrophils and platelets, examining the capability of neutrophils to generate nitric oxide (NO). Triflusal, in the presence of neutrophils, showed a greater antiplatelet potency than acetylsalicylic acid to inhibit thrombin-induced platelet activation. Significant stimulation of NO-mediated mechanisms in the presence of acetylsalicylic acid or triflusal was demonstrated by the following findings: (1) increased metabolism of arginine to citrulline, (2) increase of cGMP in the platelet/neutrophil system and (3) the inhibitory action of the L-arginine (L-Arg) competitive analog, N^G-nitro-L-arginine-Me ester (L-NAME), which was reversed by L-Arg. Triflusal increased the stimulation of NO synthesis by neutrophils more than did of acetylsalicylic acid. The main metabolite of triflusal, 2-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid (HTB), alone or in combination with acetylsalicylic acid, did not modify NO production by neutrophils. Therefore, the whole mol. of triflusal is needed to stimulate NO production by neutrophils. The results show that, in the presence of neutrophils, triflusal exerts an antiplatelet effect greater than that of acetylsalicylic acid, demonstrating a more powerful stimulation of the NO/cGMP system. The present results indicate that it is possible to develop new and more potent acetylsalicylic acid-related antiplatelet drugs for the prevention of the myocardial ischemic/reperfusion processes.

European Journal of Pharmacology published new progress about 328-90-5. 328-90-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H5F3O3, HPLC of Formula: 328-90-5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Feghali, Elias published the artcileUnprecedented organocatalytic reduction of lignin model compounds to phenols and primary alcohols using hydrosilanes, Computed Properties of 70110-65-5, the publication is Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) (2014), 50(7), 862-865, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The first metal-free reduction of lignin model compounds is described. Using inexpensive Et₃SiH, PMHS and TMDS hydrosilanes as reductants, α-O-4 and β-O-4 linkages are reduced to primary alcs. and phenols under mild conditions using B(C₆F₅)₃ as an efficient catalyst.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) published new progress about 70110-65-5. 70110-65-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Benzene,Alcohol,Ether,Benzene Compounds, name is 2-Phenoxy-1-phenylpropane-1,3-diol, and the molecular formula is C15H16O3, Computed Properties of 70110-65-5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Warshaw, Erin M. published the artcilePatch Testing to Ethylhexylglycerin: The North American Contact Dermatitis Group Experience, 2013-2018, COA of Formula: C11H24O3, the publication is Dermatitis (2022), 33(1), 36-41, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Ethylhexylglycerin (EHG) is a recently recognized contact allergen. The aims of the study were to characterize individuals with pos. patch test reactions to EHG and to analyze reaction strength, clin. relevance, and allergen sources. This study was a retrospective anal. of the patients patch tested to EHG (5petrolatum) by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group (2013-2018). Of 15,560 patients tested to EHG, 39 (0.25) had pos. (final interpretation of “allergic”) reactions. Most were female (71.8) and/or older than 40 years (76.9). There were no statistically significant differences between age, sex, or atopic history when compared with EHG-neg. patients. The most common anat. sites of dermatitis were the face (28.2) and scattered generalized distribution (25.6). Most EHG-pos. reactions were + (35.9) or ++ (33.3). Current clin. relevance was high (79.5); none, however, were related to occupation. Personal care products were the most common source of exposure to EHG (59.0). Ethylhexylglycerin is a rare contact allergen; the pos. frequency of 0.25is similar to other low allergenic preservatives including parabens, benzyl alc., and phenoxyethanol. The patch test concentration of 5.0seems to be nonirritating. Although relatively uncommon, EHG reactions were usually clin. relevant (79.5), often because of moisturizers/lotions/creams.

Dermatitis published new progress about 70445-33-9. 70445-33-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 3-((2-Ethylhexyl)oxy)propane-1,2-diol, and the molecular formula is C17H20ClN3, COA of Formula: C11H24O3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Leal-Duaso, A. published the artcileSynthesis of 3-alkoxypropan-1,2-diols from glycidol: experimental and theoretical studies for the optimization of the synthesis of glycerol derived solvents, Recommanded Product: 3-((2-Ethylhexyl)oxy)propane-1,2-diol, the publication is Green Chemistry (2017), 19(17), 4176-4185, database is CAplus.

A straightforward and green synthetic methodol. was derived for the synthesis of glycerol monoethers ROCH₂CH(OH)CH₂OH [R = Me, Et, i-Pr, etc.] from glycidol and alcs. Several homogeneous and heterogeneous basic catalysts were tested, the best results being obtained with readily available and inexpensive alk. metal hydroxides. In the best case, good yield of the desired monoether was obtained under smooth reaction conditions always with total conversion of glycidol. The selectivity of the reactions mainly depended on the alc. used, due to the concurrence of undesired side reactions. A mechanistic study carried out through computational DFT calculations, in which solvent effects were taken into account, also complemented the experiments and allowed to identify the main reaction paths taking place under reaction conditions, giving insights into the main causes affecting the reaction selectivity and also into how it could be improved.

Green Chemistry published new progress about 70445-33-9. 70445-33-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 3-((2-Ethylhexyl)oxy)propane-1,2-diol, and the molecular formula is C11H24O3, Recommanded Product: 3-((2-Ethylhexyl)oxy)propane-1,2-diol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Raus, Vladimir published the artcileATRP of POSS Monomers Revisited: Toward High-Molecular Weight Methacrylate-POSS (Co)Polymers, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) (2014), 47(21), 7311-7320, database is CAplus.

For the first time, ATRP was successfully employed for homopolymerization of a com. methacrylate-functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) monomer, iBuPOSSMA, to high mol. weights It was found that iBuPOSSMA has a low ceiling temperature (T_c); therefore, low temperatures and/or high initial monomer concentrations need to be used in order to avoid low ds.p. that had been observed previously. The values of T_c, as well as of the polymerization enthalpy ΔH_p and entropy ΔS_p were determined to be 130° (at [M]₀ = 1 M), -41 kJ mol^-1, and -101 J mol^-1 K^-1, resp. Under optimized conditions, poly(iBuPOSSMA) homopolymers having low dispersity and high M_n, ranging from 23 000 to 460 000, were obtained in a well-controlled ATRP process. Moreover, various block copolymers having high-M_n poly(iBuPOSSMA) blocks were prepared by copolymerization of iBuPOSSMA with Me methacrylate and styrene.

Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) published new progress about 1139-46-4. 1139-46-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Benzene,Phenol, name is 4-(2,4,4-Trimethylpentan-2-yl)benzene-1,2-diol, and the molecular formula is C14H22O2, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Molins-Molina, Oscar published the artcileSinglet oxygen production and in vitro phototoxicity studies on fenofibrate, mycophenolate mofetil, trifusal, and their active metabolites, Safety of 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, the publication is Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry (2017), 30(9), n/a, database is CAplus.

Singlet oxygen photosensitization (studied by time-resolved near-IR emission spectroscopy) and in vitro phototoxicity (by means of the 3T3 neutral red uptake assay) have been investigated for the prodrugs fenofibrate (FFB), mycophenolate mofetil (MMP), and trifusal (TFS) as well as for their active metabolites fenofibric acid (FFA), mycophenolic acid (MPA), and 2-hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid (HTB). The results show that FFB and its active metabolite FFA generate ¹O₂ with a quantum yield in the range 0.30 to 0.40 and show a photo-irritation factor (PIF) higher than 40. By contrast, MMP/MPA and TFS/HTB are not photoactive in the used assays. These results correlate well with the previously reported in vivo phototoxicity in treated patients.

Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry published new progress about 328-90-5. 328-90-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H5F3O3, Safety of 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Kennedy, Andrew J. published the artcileSynthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of amixicile-based inhibitors of the pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductases of anaerobic bacteria and Epsilonproteobacteria, Quality Control of 328-90-5, the publication is Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (2016), 60(7), 3980-3987, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Synthesis of the amixicile scaffolds I [R = CH₂NH₃, (CH₂)₃NH₃, 4-piperidinyl, etc.; R¹ = H, F; R² = H, Me, F, Cl, CF₃; R³ = H, Me, OMe, F, Cl, CN, CF₃] and study of their direct pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductases (PFOR) inhibition assays, and MIC tests against Clostridium difficile, Campylobacter jejuni, and Helicobacter pylori guided by docking simulations was interrogated. Docking simulations revealed that the nitro group present in nitazoxanide interacts with the protonated N4′-aminopyrimidine of thiamine pyrophosphate. The ortho-propylamine on the benzene ring formed an electrostatic interaction with an aspartic acid moiety (B456) of PFOR that correlated with improved PFOR-inhibitory activity and potency by MIC tests. Aryl substitution with electron-withdrawing groups and substitutions of the propylamine with other alkyl amines or nitrogen-containing heterocycles both improved PFOR inhibition and, in many cases, biol. activity against C. difficile. Docking simulation results correlated well with mechanistic enzymol. and NMR studies that show members of this class of antimicrobials to be specific inhibitors of vitamin B₁ function by proton abstraction, which is both novel and likely to limit mutation-based drug resistance.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy published new progress about 328-90-5. 328-90-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H5F3O3, Quality Control of 328-90-5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Izquierdo, Inaki published the artcileComparative bioavailability study of triflusal oral solution vs. triflusal capsules in healthy subjects: a single, randomized, two-way cross-over, open-label phase I study, Formula: C8H5F3O3, the publication is Arzneimittel Forschung (2010), 60(1), 36-41, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Triflusal (CAS 322-79-2) is an antiplatelet agent that irreversibly acetylates cyclooxygenase isoform 1 (COX-1) and therefore inhibits thromboxane biosynthesis. The main metabolite of triflusal, 2-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethyl benzoic acid (HTB), possesses also antiaggregant activity. Recently a new oral 600 mg (10 mL) solution form of triflusal has been developed. The purpose of this clin. trial was to study the relative bioavailability of the new oral solution of triflusal vs. the capsules formulation, both administered as a single dose. This was a randomized, two-way, cross-over, open-label, single-site phase I clin. trial, in 24 healthy volunteers who received triflusal as 600 mg oral solution and as two 300 mg capsules in a single administration separated by a washout period of at least 17 days. Blood samples were collected and plasma concentrations of HTB were measured. Pharmacokinetic parameters used for bioequivalence assessment included AUC_0-t, AUC_0-inf and C_max. The formulations were considered bioequivalent if the geometric mean ratios of AUC_0-t, AUC_0-inf and C_max were within the predetermined equivalence range (80% to 125%). Tolerability was based on the recording of adverse events (AEs), phys. examination, ECG and laboratory tests. The parameters for bioequivalence, mean [SD] values were as follows: AUC_0-t (μg/h/mL): 3574.08 [628.17] for triflusal oral solution and 3901.78 [698.43] for triflusal capsules; AUC_{0-âˆ?/sub> (μg/h/mL): 4089.21 [842.54] for triflusal oral solution and 4471.33 [905.93] for triflusal capsules; Cmax (μg/mL): 91.24 [12.88] for triflusal oral solution and 88.61 [13.46] for triflusal capsules; Cmax/AUC0-âˆ?/sub> (h^-1): 0.03 (0.00) for triflusal oral solution and 0.02 (0.00) for triflusal capsules. The 90% confidence intervals for the ratio exptl./control by anal. of variance after log transformed AUC0-âˆ?/sub>, AUC0-t, and Cmax were within 80% to 125%. Similar results were found for the data without log transformation. All adverse events were of mild or moderate intensity and all subjects recovered. Nine and 12 subjects reported at least one adverse event during treatment with triflusal oral solution and with triflusal capsules, resp. The most frequently reported adverse events were headache and dizziness. It was concluded that the 600-mg solution of triflusal appeared to be bioequivalent to the reference formulation capsules. Both formulations were well tolerated.}

Arzneimittel Forschung published new progress about 328-90-5. 328-90-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H5F3O3, Formula: C8H5F3O3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wiechers, S. published the artcileTitanium dioxide particle size vs. sun protection performance, Application of 3-((2-Ethylhexyl)oxy)propane-1,2-diol, the publication is Cosmetics & Toiletries (2013), 128(5), 332, 334, 336, 338-339, database is CAplus.

The article compares the performance of titanium dioxide as a UV filter in cosmetic formulations as a function of its primary particle size. It was found that with increasing primary particle size, even below 100 nm, the effectiveness of the inorganic (mineral) UV filter was clearly reduced.

Cosmetics & Toiletries published new progress about 70445-33-9. 70445-33-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 3-((2-Ethylhexyl)oxy)propane-1,2-diol, and the molecular formula is C4H6BrFO2, Application of 3-((2-Ethylhexyl)oxy)propane-1,2-diol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Dissette, Valeria published the artcileEvaluation of the transepidermal penetration of a carnosine complex in gel formulation by 3D skin models, Application of 3-((2-Ethylhexyl)oxy)propane-1,2-diol, the publication is Cosmetics (2018), 5(4), 67, database is CAplus.

Carnosine has several physiol. roles, from intracellular pH buffering to antioxidant activities, which all depend on bioavailability. This study was conducted in a human skin 3D model and focuses on the effects of the topical delivery of carnosine, from a dermo-cosmetic gel, through the stratum corneum in the presence of a magnesium ion as a complexing agent. To evaluate possible enhancement for small peptide delivery to the skin from simple cosmetic formulations, we discovered that complexation was able to improve the delivery of carnosine into human skin 3D models by application in gel formulation. The concentrations of carnosine released in the underlying media and those that remained in the reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) tissues after 24 and 48 h exposure were measured. Moreover, the influence of magnesium ions was also evaluated comparing the same formulation with and without the salt. The results obtained in this study support hypothesis that magnesium can influence the delivery of small peptides and that the gel formulation based on the carnosine-magnesium complex allows for superior delivery of carnosine in the lower skin layer at a concentration up to 60% more than carnosine alone.

Cosmetics published new progress about 70445-33-9. 70445-33-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 3-((2-Ethylhexyl)oxy)propane-1,2-diol, and the molecular formula is C11H24O3, Application of 3-((2-Ethylhexyl)oxy)propane-1,2-diol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts