Tag: M.W=200-250

Barton, Lisa M. published the artcileElectrochemical borylation of carboxylic acids, HPLC of Formula: 608534-44-7, the publication is Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2021), 118(34), e2109408118, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A simple electrochem. mediated method for the conversion of alkyl carboxylic acids to their borylated congeners is presented. This protocol features an undivided cell setup with inexpensive carbon-based electrodes and exhibits a broad substrate scope and scalability in both flow and batch reactors. The use of this method in challenging contexts is exemplified with a modular formal synthesis of jawsamycin, a natural product harboring five cyclopropane rings.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America published new progress about 608534-44-7. 608534-44-7 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Other Aromatic,Boronic acid and ester,Boronate Esters,Boronic Acids,Boronic acid and ester, name is 2-(2,3-Dihydro-1H-inden-2-yl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane, and the molecular formula is C15H21BO2, HPLC of Formula: 608534-44-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Urban, Frank J. published the artcileLipophilic 1,3-xylyl-21-crown-6 macrocyclic polyether 2-carboxylic acids as biological mimics of the ionophore antibiotics, Product Details of C14H22O2, the publication is Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (1990), 33(2), 765-71, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Twelve lipophilic 1,3-xylyl-21-crown-6 macrocyclic polyether 2-carboxylic acids, e.g. I (R = H, Me, PhCH₂; n = 1), two lariat ether 1,3-xylyl-21-crown-6 macrocyclic polyether 2-carboxylic acids II (R¹ = H, Me₃C) and two 1,3-xyly-28-crown-8 macrocyclic polyether 2-carboxylic acids I (R = H, Me, n = 2) were synthesized and tested for in vitro antibacterial activity, in vitro stimulation of rumen propionic acid production, and in vivo anticoccidial activity in chickens. These are biol. screens relevant to animal health areas where the ionophore antibiotics such as monensin have found application. While the parent structure without lipophilic substituents was biol. inactive, the lipophilic macrocycles were active in the two in vitro tests but not against chicken coccidiosis. One compound I (R = Me, n = 1) was tested in cattle and was found to increase levels of propionic acid in the rumen fermentation This effect is considered an important factor for increasing the efficiency of feed utilization in cattle exhibited by the ionophore antibiotic monensin. The alkali ion salts of these lipophilic macrocyclic polyether carboxylic acids are very soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in water. These compounds are proposed to act as ion-transport agents and functional mimics of the ionophore antibiotics in the biol. systems described above.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 1139-46-4. 1139-46-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Benzene,Phenol, name is 4-(2,4,4-Trimethylpentan-2-yl)benzene-1,2-diol, and the molecular formula is C9H8FNO2, Product Details of C14H22O2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Rej, Supriya published the artcileTransient Imine as a Directing Group for the Metal-Free o-C-H Borylation of Benzaldehydes, Safety of 4-Hydroxy-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzaldehyde, the publication is Journal of the American Chemical Society (2021), 143(7), 2920-2929, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Organoboron reagents are important synthetic intermediates and have wide applications in synthetic organic chem. The selective borylation strategies that are currently in use largely rely on the use of transition-metal catalysts. Hence, identifying much milder conditions for transition-metal-free borylation would be highly desirable. The authors herein present a unified strategy for the selective C-H borylation of electron-deficient benzaldehyde derivatives using a simple metal-free approach, using an imine transient directing group. The strategy covers a wide spectrum of reactions and (i) even highly sterically hindered C-H bonds can be borylated smoothly, (ii) despite the presence of other potential directing groups, the reaction selectively occurs at the o-C-H bond of the benzaldehyde moiety, and (iii) natural products appended to benzaldehyde derivatives can also give the appropriate borylated products. Also, the efficacy of the protocol was confirmed by the fact that the reaction proceeds even in the presence of external impurities.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about 1883607-86-0. 1883607-86-0 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Boronic acid and ester, name is 4-Hydroxy-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzaldehyde, and the molecular formula is C13H17BO4, Safety of 4-Hydroxy-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzaldehyde.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Youenou, Benjamin published the artcileIn vitro study to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of various multifunctional cosmetic ingredients and chlorphenesin on bacterial species at risk in the cosmetic industry, Computed Properties of 70445-33-9, the publication is Journal of Applied Microbiology (2022), 132(2), 933-948, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

We evaluated the activity of the preservative chlorphenesin and of four antimicrobial cosmetic multifunctional ingredients against various strains of gram-neg. and gram-pos. human opportunistic pathogens. Growth kinetics, modeling growth parameters and statistical analyses enabled comparing bacterial behavior in the presence and in the absence of the compound Whatever compound tested (i.e. chlorphenesin, phenylpropanol, hexanediol, ethylhexylglycerin, hydroxyacetophenone) and strain origin (i.e. clin. vs. industrial), the growth of 42 strains belonging to Acinetobacter spp., Burkholderia cepacia complex and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, was totally inhibited. On the opposite all of the P. aeruginosa strains (n = 13) as well as 4 and 6 out of 10 strains of Pluralibacter gergoviae grew in the presence of chlorphenesin and ethylhexylglycerin, resp. Some P. gergoviae and Staphylococcus hominis strains withstand hydroxyacetophenone. Within a species, the different strains show variable latency phase, growth rate (r) and carrying capacity (K). They can be similar, lower or higher than those measured in control conditions. Data showed differences in the antimicrobial activity of compounds Upon exposure, strains differed in their behavior between and within species. Whatever species and strains, compound sensitivity could not be related to antibiotic resistance. Most multifunctional ingredients showed significant antimicrobial properties against the wide panel of species and strains evaluated. This will help adjusting preservation strategies in the cosmetic industry.

Journal of Applied Microbiology published new progress about 70445-33-9. 70445-33-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 3-((2-Ethylhexyl)oxy)propane-1,2-diol, and the molecular formula is C13H18BFO3, Computed Properties of 70445-33-9.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ma, Guobin published the artcileMetal catalyst-free photo-induced alkyl C-O bond borylation, Synthetic Route of 608534-44-7, the publication is Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) (2020), 56(70), 10219-10222, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Metal catalyst free, blue visible light-induced C-O bond borylation of unactivated tertiary alkyl Me oxalates was developed to furnish tertiary alkyl boronates. From the secondary alcs. activated with imidazolylthionyl, moderate yields of boronates were attained under standard photo-induced conditions. Preliminary mechanistic studies confirmed the involvement of a (DMF)₂-B₂cat₂ adduct that weakly absorbs light at 437 nm so as to initiate a Bcat radical. A radical-chain process is proposed wherein the alkyl radical is engaged.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) published new progress about 608534-44-7. 608534-44-7 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Other Aromatic,Boronic acid and ester,Boronate Esters,Boronic Acids,Boronic acid and ester, name is 2-(2,3-Dihydro-1H-inden-2-yl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane, and the molecular formula is C15H21BO2, Synthetic Route of 608534-44-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Tsai, Yan-Ting published the artcileSelective C_α Alcohol Oxidation of Lignin Substrates Featuring a β-O-4 Linkage by a Dinuclear Oxovanadium Catalyst via Two-Electron Redox Processes, SDS of cas: 70110-65-5, the publication is European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry (2019), 2019(43), 4637-4646, database is CAplus.

Developing highly efficient catalyst systems to transform lignin biomass into value-added chem. feedstocks is imperative for using lignin as renewable alternatives to fossil fuels. Recently, the pre-activated strategy involving the selective oxidation of C_α alc. of lignin substrates containing (β-O-4) linkage mode significantly increases the depolymerization efficiency of native aspen lignin from 10-20 to 60 weight-%. the authors reported the synthesis of a dinuclear oxovanadium complex 2 that is capable of selectively oxidizing the C_α alc. (80-100% selectivity) of various dimeric lignin substrates under a mild condition. Further study of catalytic mechanism revealed that two V=O motifs of complex 2 could serve as proton abstraction sites for both C_α and C_γ alc. of dimeric lignin substrates, resp. The dinuclear vanadium intermediate 4 demonstrates the ability to uptake two electrons resulting from the oxidation of C_α alc. and yields two corresponding mononuclear V^IV intermediate 5. The mononuclear V^IV intermediate 5 exhibits a characteristic 8-line EPR spectrum and possesses one unpaired electron determined by the Evans method. The established structure-reactivity relations will be able to shed light on the future directions for rational design of highly efficient catalysts for selective oxidation of lignin biomass.

European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry published new progress about 70110-65-5. 70110-65-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Benzene,Alcohol,Ether,Benzene Compounds, name is 2-Phenoxy-1-phenylpropane-1,3-diol, and the molecular formula is C10H8N4, SDS of cas: 70110-65-5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Fernández de Arriba, A published the artcileInhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 expression by 4-trifluoromethyl derivatives of salicylate, triflusal, and its deacetylated metabolite, 2-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid., Synthetic Route of 328-90-5, the publication is Molecular pharmacology (1999), 55(4), 753-60, database is MEDLINE.

The therapeutic potential of drugs that block the induction of cyclooxygenase-2 has been emphasized. When two 4-trifluoromethyl salicylate derivatives [2-acetoxy-4-trifluoromethyl-benzoic acid (triflusal) and its deacetylated metabolite 2-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid (HTB)] were compared with aspirin and sodium salicylate as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, we observed that in bacterial lipopolysaccharide-activated human blood, triflusal, aspirin, and HTB, but not sodium salicylate, inhibited COX-2-mediated prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production (IC50 = 0.16, 0.18, 0.39, and >10 mM, respectively). However, only triflusal and aspirin inhibited purified COX-2 enzyme. To test this apparent discrepancy, we realized that HTB and triflusal (but neither aspirin nor salicylate) produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of COX-2 protein expression in peripheral human mononuclear cells. This observation was further confirmed in a rat air pouch model in vivo, in which both aspirin and triflusal inhibited PGE2 production (ID50 = 18.9 and 11.4 mg/kg p.o., respectively) but only triflusal-treated animals showed a decrease in COX-2 expression. This different behavior may be, at least in part, due to the ability of HTB and triflusal to block the activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB to a higher extent than aspirin and sodium salicylate. Thus, in addition to inhibiting the COX-2 activity at therapeutic concentrations, triflusal is able to block through its metabolite HTB the expression of new enzyme, and hence the resumption of PGE2 synthesis. Triflusal and HTB may exert beneficial effects in processes in which de novo COX-2 expression is involved and, in a broader sense, in pathological situations in which genes under nuclear factor-kappaB control are up-regulated.

Molecular pharmacology published new progress about 328-90-5. 328-90-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H5F3O3, Synthetic Route of 328-90-5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

De Arriba, Alberto Fernandez published the artcileInhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 expression by 4-trifluoromethyl derivatives of salicylate, triflusal, and its deacetylated metabolite, 2-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid, HPLC of Formula: 328-90-5, the publication is Molecular Pharmacology (1999), 55(4), 753-760, database is CAplus.

The therapeutic potential of drugs that block the induction of cyclooxygenase-2 has been emphasized. When two 4-trifluoromethyl salicylate derivatives [2-acetoxy-4-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid (triflusal) and its deacetylated metabolite 2-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid (HTB)] were compared with aspirin and sodium salicylate as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, we observed that in bacterial lipopolysaccharide-activated human blood, triflusal, aspirin, and HTB, but not sodium salicylate, inhibited COX-2-mediated prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) production (IC₅₀ = 0.16, 0.18, 0.39, and > 10 mM, resp.). However, only triflusal and aspirin inhibited purified COX-2 enzyme. To test this apparent discrepancy, we realized that HTB and triflusal (but neither aspirin nor salicylate) produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of COX-2 protein expression in peripheral human mononuclear cells. This observation was further confirmed in a rat air pouch model in vivo, in which both aspirin and triflusal inhibited PGE₂ production (ID₅₀ = 18.9 and 11.4 mg/kg p.o., resp.) but only triflusal-treated animals showed a decrease in COX-2 expression. This different behavior may be, at least in part, due to the ability of HTB and triflusal to block the activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor-κB to a higher extent than aspirin and sodium salicylate. Thus, in addition to inhibiting the COX-2 activity at therapeutic concentrations, triflusal is able to block through its metabolite HTB the expression of new enzyme, and hence the resumption of PGE₂ synthesis. Triflusal and HTB may exert beneficial effects in processes in which de novo COX-2 expression is involved and, in a broader sense, in pathol. situations in which genes under nuclear factor-κB control are up-regulated.

Molecular Pharmacology published new progress about 328-90-5. 328-90-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H5F3O3, HPLC of Formula: 328-90-5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ionescu, Andrei C. published the artcileSubstituted Nano-Hydroxyapatite Toothpastes Reduce Biofilm Formation on Enamel and Resin-Based Composite Surfaces, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is Journal of Functional Biomaterials (2020), 11(2), 36, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Toothpastes containing nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp) substituted with metal ions provide calcium and phosphate ions to dental hard tissues, reducing demineralization, and promoting remineralization. Few data are available about the effect of these bioactive compounds on oral microbiota. This in vitro study evaluated the influence of two com.-available substituted n-HAp-based toothpastes α : Zn-carbonate substituted n-HAp; β: F, Mg, Sr-carbonate substituted (n-HAp) on early colonization (EC, 12 h) and biofilm formation (BF, 24 h) by oral microbiota. Controls were brushed with distilled water. Artificial oral microcosm and Streptococcus mutans biofilms were developed using human enamel and a resin-based composite (RBC) as adherence surfaces. Two test setups, a shaking multiwell plate and a modified drip-flow reactor (MDFR), were used to simulate clin. conditions during the night (low salivary flow and clearance) and daytime, resp. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) was used to evaluate specimens’ surfaces after toothpaste treatment. Fluoride release from β toothpaste was evaluated. Viable adherent biomass was quantified by MTT assay, and biofilms’ morphol. was highlighted using confocal microscopy. EDS showed the presence of remnants from the tested toothpastes on both adherence surfaces. β toothpaste showed significantly lower EC and BF compared to control using the artificial oral microcosm model, while α toothpaste showed lower EC and BF compared to control, but higher EC and BF compared to β toothpaste. The effect shown by β toothpaste was, to a minimal extent, due to fluoride release. Interestingly, this result was seen on both adherence surfaces, meaning that the tested toothpastes significantly influenced EC and BF even on RBC surfaces. Furthermore, the effect of toothpaste treatments was higher after 12 h than 24 h, suggesting that toothbrushing twice a day is more effective than brushing once. The efficacy of these treatments in reducing microbial colonization of RBC surfaces may represent a promising possibility in the prevention of secondary caries.

Journal of Functional Biomaterials published new progress about 70445-33-9. 70445-33-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 3-((2-Ethylhexyl)oxy)propane-1,2-diol, and the molecular formula is C11H24O3, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Larson, Nicholas R. published the artcileToxicology of potassium channel-directed compounds in mosquitoes, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is NeuroToxicology (2017), 214-223, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Potential targets for new vector control insecticides are nerve and muscle potassium channels. In this study, the activities of known potassium channel blockers (4-aminopyridine, quinidine, and tetraethylammonium) and the insecticide propoxur were compared to three exptl. catechols and several other compounds against Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Exptl. catechol 1 was the most toxic exptl. compound in all of the mortality assays conducted, but was at least 100-fold and 39-fold less toxic than propoxur against Ae. aegypti and An. gambiae, resp. Injection treatment and synergist (piperonyl butoxide) bioassays found that catechol toxicity was not unduly impacted by cuticular transport or oxidative metabolism Electrophysiol. studies showed a decrease in amplitude of evoked muscle contractions, along with an increase in twitch duration at concentrations that increased basal muscle tension (mM). High concentration effects on basal muscle tension were matched by complete depolarization of the muscle membrane potential. Effects on muscle physiol. and blockage of Kv2.1 potassium channels in patch clamp experiments were generally consistent with in vivo toxicity, except for 4-aminopyridine, which suggest the involvement of other potassium channel subtypes. Extensive melanization of Anopheles larvae, but not Aedes larvae, occurred from exposure to catechol compounds Interaction with the phenol oxidase system within insects may be the cause of this melanization, but any contribution to toxicity requires further investigation.

NeuroToxicology published new progress about 1139-46-4. 1139-46-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Benzene,Phenol, name is 4-(2,4,4-Trimethylpentan-2-yl)benzene-1,2-diol, and the molecular formula is C14H22O2, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts