Tag: M.W=200-250

Arla, Rambabu published the artcileDevelopment and validation of stability-indicating gas chromatography method for the quantitative determination of ethylhexylglycerin and its impurities in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms, Synthetic Route of 70445-33-9, the publication is Asian Journal of Pharmaceutics (2018), 12(1Suppl.), S243-S250, database is CAplus.

A stability-indicating gas chromatog. flame ionization detection (FID) method for the quant. determination of ethylhexylglycerin (EHG) and its impurities in drug substance and drug product has been developed and validated. The developed method was also applied to related substances identification in the bulk sample. The chromatog. separation was performed on a fused silica capillary (DB-1, 30 m, 0.32 mm, and 0.25μm film thickness) column, and with a gradient technique. The column oven was programmed as follows: Initial column oven temperature, 60°C; ramped linearly to 280°C at the rate of 8°C/min; hold for 10 min. The runtime of anal. was 30 min. The injector and detector temperature was kept at 240°C and 260°C, resp. Nitrogen was used as a carrier gas with a constant flow rate of 2 mL/min. The split ratio was set at 20: Results and Discussion: The developed method was validated as per the ICH guidelines. The stability-indicating nature of the method has been proved by establishing peak purity and confirming the mass balance of all samples by subjecting them to stress conditions such as hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis, and thermal degradation studies. The method was successfully applied to anal. of different bulk sample of EHG and its impurities. The proposed gas chromatog. coupled with FID method was also found to be specific and selective for the anal. of com. formulation samples.

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutics published new progress about 70445-33-9. 70445-33-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 3-((2-Ethylhexyl)oxy)propane-1,2-diol, and the molecular formula is C11H24O3, Synthetic Route of 70445-33-9.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Prosser, Kathleen E. published the artcile¹⁹F-Tagged metal binding pharmacophores for NMR screening of metalloenzymes, Recommanded Product: 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, the publication is Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) (2021), 57(40), 4934-4937, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

This study demonstrates the screening of a collection of twelve ¹⁹F-tagged metal-binding pharmacophores (MBPs) against the Zn(II)-dependent metalloenzyme human carbonic anhydrase II (hCAII) by ¹⁹F NMR. The isomorphous replacement of Zn(II) by Co(II) in hCAII produces enhanced sensitivity and reveals the potential of ¹⁹F NMR-based techniques for metalloenzyme ligand discovery.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) published new progress about 328-90-5. 328-90-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H5F3O3, Recommanded Product: 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Janak, J. published the artcileSeparation and analysis of dihydric phenols by gas chromatography, Recommanded Product: 4-(2,4,4-Trimethylpentan-2-yl)benzene-1,2-diol, the publication is Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications (1959), 1960-6, database is CAplus.

Specific elution volumes (chromatographic spectra) of some dihydric phenols (pyrocatechol, 3-methyl-, 4-methyl-, 4-ethyl-, 4-tert-butyl-, 4-tert-octyl-, 3,4-dimethyl-, 3,5-dimethyl-, 4,5-dimethyl-, 3,5-di-tert-butylpyrocatechol, resorcinol, 4-ethylresorcinol, quinol, and ethylquinol) were determined on nonpolar (dimethyl polysiloxane) or (better) on polar stationary phases (mannitol at temperature 170-90°, dulcitol at 200°, inositol at 230-45°, and galactonic acid lactone at 190°). As the carrier, Celite C 545 was used. The relation between chem. structure of the (substituted) dihydric phenol and chromatographic behavior is discussed on the basis of the interaction with the stationary phase (H bonding). The method was applied for the analysis of raw pyrocatechol from Northern Bohemia brown coal tar used in the manufacture of tanning materials.

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications published new progress about 1139-46-4. 1139-46-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Benzene,Phenol, name is 4-(2,4,4-Trimethylpentan-2-yl)benzene-1,2-diol, and the molecular formula is C14H22O2, Recommanded Product: 4-(2,4,4-Trimethylpentan-2-yl)benzene-1,2-diol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Rosenkranz, Herbert S. published the artcileStructural basis of the genotoxicity of nitrosatable phenols and derivatives present in smoked food products, Application In Synthesis of 1139-46-4, the publication is Mutation Research, Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis (1990), 230(1), 9-27, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The CASE (artificial intelligence-based structure-activity anal.) methodol. for studying structure-activity relationships was applied to investigating the basis of the genotoxicity of phenols and derivatives following exposure to nitrous acid. The structural features identified include availability of positions para or ortho to the hydroxyl groups, that one meta position must remain unoccupied and one ortho or para position must be unsubstituted as well. The analyses revealed that genotoxicity is dependent upon the ease of formation of the active phenyldiazonium intermediate and is influenced only secondarily by the nature of the genotoxicant or its ease of entry into the cell. With this data base, CASE predicts the genotoxicity, following nitrosation, of a number of agents, including serotonin, acetaminophen, and of some naturally-occurring pesticides present in edible plants.

Mutation Research, Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis published new progress about 1139-46-4. 1139-46-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Benzene,Phenol, name is 4-(2,4,4-Trimethylpentan-2-yl)benzene-1,2-diol, and the molecular formula is C14H22O2, Application In Synthesis of 1139-46-4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Fujii, Shinya published the artcileStructural development of N-(4-phenoxyphenyl)benzamide derivatives as novel SPAK inhibitors blocking WNK kinase signaling, SDS of cas: 328-90-5, the publication is Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters (2020), 30(17), 127408, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

We report here structural development of N-(4-phenoxyphenyl)benzamide derivatives as novel SPAK (STE20/SPS1-related proline/alanine-rich kinase) inhibitors. Abnormal activation of the signal cascade of with-no-lysine kinase (WNK) with OSR1 (oxidative stress-responsive kinase 1)/SPAK and NCC (NaCl cotransporter) results in characteristic salt-sensitive hypertension, and therefore inhibitors of the WNK-OSR1/SPAK-NCC cascade are candidates for antihypertensive drugs. Based on the structure of lead compound 2, we examined the SAR of N-(4-phenoxyphenyl)benzamide derivatives, and developed compound 20l as a potent SPAK inhibitor. Compounds 201 is a promising candidate for a new class of antihypertensive drugs.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters published new progress about 328-90-5. 328-90-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H5F3O3, SDS of cas: 328-90-5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Song, Soo-Yeol published the artcile2-hydroxy-4-methylbenzoic anhydride inhibits neuroinflammation in cellular and experimental animal models of Parkinson’s disease, Synthetic Route of 328-90-5, the publication is International Journal of Molecular Sciences (2020), 21(21), 8195, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is one of the key mechanisms involved in acute brain injury and chronic neurodegeneration. This study investigated the inhibitory effects of 2-hydroxy-4-methylbenzoic anhydride (HMA), a novel synthetic derivative of HTB (3-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid) on neuroinflammation and underlying mechanisms in activated microglia in vitro and an in vivo mouse model of Parkinson’s disease (PD). In vitro studies revealed that HMA significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated excessive release of nitric oxide (NO) in a concentration dependent manner. In addition, HMA significantly suppressed both inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) at the mRNA and protein levels in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglia cells. Moreover, HMA significantly inhibited the proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells. Furthermore, mechanistic studies ensured that the potent anti-neuroinflammatory effects of HMA (0.1, 1.0, and 10μM) were mediated by phosphorylation of nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha (IκBα) in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells. In vivo evaluations revealed that i.p. administration of potent neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP, 20 mg/kg, four times a 1 day) in mice resulted in activation of microglia in the brain in association with severe behavioral deficits as assessed using a pole test. However, prevention of microglial activation and attenuation of Parkinson’s disease (PD)-like behavioral changes was obtained by oral administration of HMA (30 mg/kg) for 14 days. Considering the overall results, our study showed that HMA exhibited strong anti-neuroinflammatory effects at lower concentrations than its parent compound Further work is warranted in other animal and genetic models of PD for evaluating the efficacy of HMA to develop a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory disorders, including PD.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about 328-90-5. 328-90-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H7NO4, Synthetic Route of 328-90-5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sturgeon, Matthew R. published the artcileA Mechanistic Investigation of Acid-Catalyzed Cleavage of Aryl-Ether Linkages: Implications for Lignin Depolymerization in Acidic Environments, SDS of cas: 70110-65-5, the publication is ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering (2014), 2(3), 472-485, database is CAplus.

Acid catalysis has long been used to depolymerize plant cell wall polysaccharides, and the mechanisms by which acid affects carbohydrates have been extensively studied. Lignin depolymerization, however, is not as well understood, primarily due to the heterogeneity and reactivity of lignin. We present an exptl. and theor. study of acid-catalyzed cleavage of two non-phenolic and two phenolic dimers that exhibit the β-O-4 ether linkage, the most common intermonomer bond in lignin. This work demonstrates that the rate of acid-catalyzed β-O-4 cleavage in dimers exhibiting a phenolic hydroxyl group is 2 orders of magnitude faster than in non-phenolic dimers. The experiments suggest that the major product distribution is similar for all model compounds, but a stable phenyl-dihydrobenzofuran species is observed in the acidolysis of two of the γ-carbinol containing model compounds The presence of a methoxy substituent, commonly found in native lignin, prevents the formation of this intermediate. Reaction pathways were examined with quantum mech. calculations, which aid in explaining the substantial differences in reactivity. Moreover, we use a radical scavenger to show that the commonly proposed homolytic cleavage pathway of phenolic β-O-4 linkages is unlikely in acidolysis conditions. Overall, this study explains the disparity between rates of β-O-4 cleavage seen in model compound experiments and acid pretreatment of biomass, and implies that depolymerization of lignin during acid-catalyzed pretreatment or fractionation will proceed via a heterolytic, unzipping mechanism wherein β-O-4 linkages are cleaved from the phenolic ends of branched, polymer chains inward toward the core of the polymer.

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering published new progress about 70110-65-5. 70110-65-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Benzene,Alcohol,Ether,Benzene Compounds, name is 2-Phenoxy-1-phenylpropane-1,3-diol, and the molecular formula is C9H20Cl2Si, SDS of cas: 70110-65-5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Salvador-Recatala, Vicenta published the artcileVoltage-gated K⁺ channel block by catechol derivatives: defining nonselective and selective pharmacophores, Application In Synthesis of 1139-46-4, the publication is Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (2006), 319(2), 758-764, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

High-throughput screening led to the identification of a 3-norbornyl derivative of catechol called 48F10 (3-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl-benzene-1,2-diol) as a Kv2.1 K⁺ channel inhibitor. By virtue of the involvement of Kv2.1 channels in programmed cell death, 48F10 prevents apoptosis in cortical neurons and enterocytes. This uncharged compound acts with an apparent affinity of 1 μM at the tetraethylammonium (TEA) site at the external mouth of the Kv2.1 channel but is ineffective on Kv1.5. Here we investigated the basis of this selectivity with structure-activity studies. We find that catechol (1,2-benzenediol), unlike 48F10, inhibits Kv2.1 currents with a Hill coefficient of 2 and slows channel activation. Furthermore, this inhibition, which requires millimolar concentrations, is unaffected by external TEA or by mutation of the external tyrosine implicated in channel block by TEA and 48F10. In addition, catechol does not distinguish between Kv2.1 and Kv1.5. Thus, catechol acts at conserved sites that are distinct from 48F10. We also tested 11 catechol derivatives based on hydrocarbon adducts including norbornyl substructures, a 48F10 isomer, and a 48F10 diastereomer. These compounds are more potent than catechol, but none replicated the marked selectivity of 48F10 for Kv2.1 over Kv1.5. We conclude that the targeting of 48F10 to the TEA site at the external mouth of the Kv2.1 pore and away from other sites involved in nonselective Kv channel block by catechol requires the norbornyl group in a unique position and orientation on the catechol ring.

Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics published new progress about 1139-46-4. 1139-46-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Benzene,Phenol, name is 4-(2,4,4-Trimethylpentan-2-yl)benzene-1,2-diol, and the molecular formula is C14H22O2, Application In Synthesis of 1139-46-4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Umezawa, Toshiaki published the artcileAromatic ring cleavage of various β-O-4 lignin model dimers by Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Quality Control of 70110-65-5, the publication is Wood Research (1986), 8-17, database is CAplus.

In the degradation of β-O-4 lignin model dimers with different aromatic substituents on β-etherated aromatic ring by intact cells of P. chrysosporium, esters of arylglycerol, cyclic carbonates, formate and Me oxalate, were formed as aromatic ring cleavage products of the models. Substituents of aromatic nuclei considerably influenced the formation of aromatic ring cleavage products and O-C₄ cleavage product, arylglycerol.

Wood Research published new progress about 70110-65-5. 70110-65-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Benzene,Alcohol,Ether,Benzene Compounds, name is 2-Phenoxy-1-phenylpropane-1,3-diol, and the molecular formula is C9H7F3O3, Quality Control of 70110-65-5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Abe, Masahiro published the artcileGold(I)-Catalyzed Heteroannulation of Salicylic Amides with Alkynes: Synthesis of 1,3-Benzoxazin-4-one Derivatives, Recommanded Product: 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, the publication is Organic Letters (2022), 24(31), 5684-5687, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Gold(I)-catalyzed heteroannulation affords the efficient and straightforward construction of heterocyclic compounds Herein, a gold(I)-catalyzed heteroannulation of salicylic amides with alkynes producing a broad range of 1,3-benzoxazin-4-ones is reported. The utility of this protocol was highlighted by synthesizing variously substituted benzoxazinones containing quaternary carbon centers, showing a high functional group tolerance and excellent atom economy of the thus introduced reaction course.

Organic Letters published new progress about 328-90-5. 328-90-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H5F3O3, Recommanded Product: 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts