Tag: M.W=150-200

Some low molecular weight alcohols of industrial importance are produced by the addition of water to alkenes. 141699-55-0, formula is C8H15NO3, Ethanol, isopropanol, 2-butanol, and tert-butanol are produced by this general method. Two implementations are employed, the direct and indirect methods. Formula: C8H15NO3

Claffey, Michelle M.;Helal, Christopher J.;Verhoest, Patrick R.;Kang, Zhijun;Bundesmann, Mark W.;Hou, Xinjun;Lui, Shenping;Kleiman, Robin J.;Vanase-Frawley, Michelle;Schmidt, Anne W.;Menniti, Frank;Schmidt, Christopher J.;Hoffman, William E.;Hajos, Mihaly;McDowell, Laura;O’Connor, Rebecca E.;MacDougall-Murphy, Mary;Fonseca, Kari R.;Becker, Stacey L.;Nelson, Frederick R.;Liras, Spiros research published 《 Application of Structure-Based Drug Design and Parallel Chemistry to Identify Selective, Brain Penetrant, In Vivo Active Phosphodiesterase 9A Inhibitors》, the research content is summarized as follows. Phosphodiesterase 9A inhibitors have shown activity in preclin. models of cognition with potential application as novel therapies for treating Alzheimer’s disease. Our clin. candidate, PF-04447943 (2), demonstrated acceptable CNS permeability in rats with modest asymmetry between central and peripheral compartments (free brain/free plasma = 0.32; CSF/free plasma = 0.19) yet had physicochem. properties outside the range associated with traditional CNS drugs. To address the potential risk of restricted CNS penetration with 2 in human clin. trials, we sought to identify a preclin. candidate with no asymmetry in rat brain penetration and that could advance into development. Merging the medicinal chem. strategies of structure-based design with parallel chem., a novel series of PDE9A inhibitors was identified that showed improved selectivity over PDE1C. Optimization afforded preclin. candidate 19 that demonstrated free brain/free plasma ≥1 in rat and reduced microsomal clearance along with the ability to increase cyclic guanosine monophosphosphate levels in rat CSF.

Formula: C8H15NO3, Tert-butyl 3-hydroxyazetidine-1-carboxylate is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C8H15NO3 and its molecular weight is 173.21 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.

Tert-butyl 3-hydroxyazetidine-1-carboxylate has been shown to be a good substrate for the preparation of N-protected amino alcohols and amines by the process of reductive amination. In this synthesis, tert-butyl azetidinium chloride is used as a catalyst in the reaction with sodium hydroxide. The tert-butyl group can be removed using ammonium hydroxide in the presence of a base such as triethylamine. This reaction can be performed on a large scale, making it useful in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals. The efficiency and solubility of this process make it suitable for use as an introduction to other processes involving N-protected amino alcohols or amines., 141699-55-0.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Application of C9H17BO2, In chemistry, an alcohol is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl functional group (−OH) bound to a saturated carbon atom. 72824-04-5, name is 2-Allyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane, An important class of alcohols, of which methanol and ethanol are the simplest examples, includes all compounds which conform to the general formula CnH2n+1OH.

Clegg, Michael A.;Bamborough, Paul;Chung, Chun-wa;Craggs, Peter D.;Gordon, Laurie;Grandi, Paola;Leveridge, Melanie;Lindon, Matthew;Liwicki, Gemma M.;Michon, Anne-Marie;Molnar, Judit;Rioja, Inmaculada;Soden, Peter E.;Theodoulou, Natalie H.;Werner, Thilo;Tomkinson, Nicholas C. O.;Prinjha, Rab K.;Humphreys, Philip G. research published 《 Application of Atypical Acetyl-lysine Methyl Mimetics in the Development of Selective Inhibitors of the Bromodomain-Containing Protein 7 (BRD7)/Bromodomain-Containing Protein 9 (BRD9) Bromodomains》, the research content is summarized as follows. Non-BET bromodomain-containing proteins have become attractive targets for the development of novel therapeutics targeting epigenetic pathways. To help facilitate the target validation of this class of proteins, structurally diverse small-mol. ligands and methodologies to produce selective inhibitors in a predictable fashion are in high demand. Herein, we report the development and application of atypical acetyl-lysine (KAc) Me mimetics to take advantage of the differential stability of conserved water mols. in the bromodomain binding site. Discovery of the Bu group as an atypical KAc Me mimetic allowed generation of 31 (GSK6776) as a soluble, permeable, and selective BRD7/9 inhibitor from a pyridazinone template. The Bu group was then used to enhance the bromodomain selectivity of an existing BRD9 inhibitor and to transform pan-bromodomain inhibitors into BRD7/9 selective compounds Finally, a solvent-exposed vector was defined from the pyridazinone template to enable bifunctional mol. synthesis, and affinity enrichment chemoproteomic experiments were used to confirm several of the endogenous protein partners of BRD7 and BRD9, which form part of the chromatin remodeling PBAF and BAF complexes, resp.

72824-04-5, Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C9H17BO2 and its molecular weight is 168.04 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is an allylation reagent that is used to produce aldehydes from ketones. It reacts with water, yielding the desired product and formaldehyde as a byproduct. The reaction proceeds through a sequence of steps, in which the boronate ester first reacts with water to form an allylboronate ion and hydrogen gas. This intermediate then reacts with potassium t-butoxide to produce the desired allyl alcohol and potassium borohydride. Finally, the palladium complex catalyst reduces the carbonyl group of the starting material, converting it into an aldehyde. Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is commercially available as a white solid, but can also be synthesized from 2-chloro-5-pinacolylborane (pinacol) in high yield using catalytic cross coupling reactions., Application of C9H17BO2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Some low molecular weight alcohols of industrial importance are produced by the addition of water to alkenes. 141699-55-0, formula is C8H15NO3, Ethanol, isopropanol, 2-butanol, and tert-butanol are produced by this general method. Two implementations are employed, the direct and indirect methods. Reference of 141699-55-0

Carrera, Diane E.;Sheng, PeiJue;Safina, Brian S.;Li, Jun;Angelaud, Remy research published 《 Development of a Scalable Strategy for the Synthesis of PI3Kδ Inhibitors: Selective and Efficient Functionalization of Purine Derivatives》, the research content is summarized as follows. The first-generation development route used to prepare the PI3Kδ inhibitor GNE-293 (3) for early toxicol. studies is described. Through the use of a metal-free S_NAr reaction in place of a Pd-catalyzed C-N coupling, the synthesis was both simplified and made more reproducible in preparation for scale-up by reducing the number of operations required for purification and eliminating the need for column chromatog. The utility of the recently developed reagent TMPZnCl·LiCl is highlighted by a novel method of iodination to access the key aryl halide intermediate.

Reference of 141699-55-0, Tert-butyl 3-hydroxyazetidine-1-carboxylate is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C8H15NO3 and its molecular weight is 173.21 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.

Tert-butyl 3-hydroxyazetidine-1-carboxylate has been shown to be a good substrate for the preparation of N-protected amino alcohols and amines by the process of reductive amination. In this synthesis, tert-butyl azetidinium chloride is used as a catalyst in the reaction with sodium hydroxide. The tert-butyl group can be removed using ammonium hydroxide in the presence of a base such as triethylamine. This reaction can be performed on a large scale, making it useful in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals. The efficiency and solubility of this process make it suitable for use as an introduction to other processes involving N-protected amino alcohols or amines., 141699-55-0.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Simple alcohols are found widely in nature. Ethanol is the most prominent because it is the product of fermentation, a major energy-producing pathway. 141699-55-0, formula is C8H15NO3, Other simple alcohols, chiefly fusel alcohols, are formed in only trace amounts. More complex alcohols however are pervasive, as manifested in sugars, some amino acids, and fatty acids. , Quality Control of 141699-55-0

Chang, Dongliang;Feiten, Hans-Juergen;Engesser, Karl-H.;Van Beilen, Jan B.;Witholt, Bernard;Li, Zhi research published 《 Practical Syntheses of N-Substituted 3-Hydroxyazetidines and 4-Hydroxypiperidines by Hydroxylation with Sphingomonas sp. HXN-200》, the research content is summarized as follows. Hydroxylation of N-substituted azetidines and piperidines with Sphingomonas sp. HXN-200 gave 91-98% of the corresponding 3-hydroxyazetidines and 4-hydroxypiperidines, resp., with high activity and excellent regioselectivity. High yields and high product concentrations (2 g/L) were achieved with frozen/thawed cells as biocatalyst. For the first time, rehydrated lyophilized cells were successfully used for the biohydroxylation.

141699-55-0, Tert-butyl 3-hydroxyazetidine-1-carboxylate is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C8H15NO3 and its molecular weight is 173.21 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.

Tert-butyl 3-hydroxyazetidine-1-carboxylate has been shown to be a good substrate for the preparation of N-protected amino alcohols and amines by the process of reductive amination. In this synthesis, tert-butyl azetidinium chloride is used as a catalyst in the reaction with sodium hydroxide. The tert-butyl group can be removed using ammonium hydroxide in the presence of a base such as triethylamine. This reaction can be performed on a large scale, making it useful in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals. The efficiency and solubility of this process make it suitable for use as an introduction to other processes involving N-protected amino alcohols or amines., Quality Control of 141699-55-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Simple alcohols are found widely in nature. Ethanol is the most prominent because it is the product of fermentation, a major energy-producing pathway. 141699-55-0, formula is C8H15NO3, Other simple alcohols, chiefly fusel alcohols, are formed in only trace amounts. More complex alcohols however are pervasive, as manifested in sugars, some amino acids, and fatty acids. , Related Products of 141699-55-0

Charvin, Delphine;Pomel, Vincent;Ortiz, Millan;Frauli, Melanie;Scheffler, Sophie;Steinberg, Edith;Baron, Luc;Deshons, Laurene;Rudigier, Rachel;Thiarc, Delphine;Morice, Christophe;Manteau, Baptiste;Mayer, Stanislas;Graham, Danielle;Giethlen, Bruno;Brugger, Nadia;Hedou, Gael;Conquet, Francois;Schann, Stephan research published 《 Discovery, Structure-Activity Relationship, and Antiparkinsonian Effect of a Potent and Brain-Penetrant Chemical Series of Positive Allosteric Modulators of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4》, the research content is summarized as follows. The metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGluR4) is an emerging target for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, since the discovery of its therapeutic potential, no ligand has been successfully developed enough to be tested in the clinic. In the present paper, we report for the first time the medicinal chem. efforts conducted around the pharmacol. tool (-)-PHCCC. This work led to the identification of compound 40, a potent and selective mGluR4 pos. allosteric modulator (PAM) with good water solubility and demonstrating consistent activity across validated preclin. rodent models of PD motor symptoms after i.p. administration: haloperidol-induced catalepsy in mouse and the rat 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion model. Moreover, we also describe the identification of compound 60 a close analog of compound 40 with improved pharmacokinetic profile after oral administration. On the basis of its favorable and unique preclin. profile, compound 60 (PXT002331, now foliglurax) was nominated as a candidate for clin. development.

141699-55-0, Tert-butyl 3-hydroxyazetidine-1-carboxylate is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C8H15NO3 and its molecular weight is 173.21 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.

Tert-butyl 3-hydroxyazetidine-1-carboxylate has been shown to be a good substrate for the preparation of N-protected amino alcohols and amines by the process of reductive amination. In this synthesis, tert-butyl azetidinium chloride is used as a catalyst in the reaction with sodium hydroxide. The tert-butyl group can be removed using ammonium hydroxide in the presence of a base such as triethylamine. This reaction can be performed on a large scale, making it useful in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals. The efficiency and solubility of this process make it suitable for use as an introduction to other processes involving N-protected amino alcohols or amines., Related Products of 141699-55-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Simple alcohols are found widely in nature. Ethanol is the most prominent because it is the product of fermentation, a major energy-producing pathway. 72824-04-5, formula is C9H17BO2, Other simple alcohols, chiefly fusel alcohols, are formed in only trace amounts. More complex alcohols however are pervasive, as manifested in sugars, some amino acids, and fatty acids. , Formula: C9H17BO2

Chen, Guangping;Niu, Chaoqun;Liao, Xiaoxue;Chen, Yubing;Shang, Wenyan;Du, Jie;Chen, Yong research published 《 Boron-containing single-ion conducting polymer electrolyte for dendrite-free lithium metal batteries》, the research content is summarized as follows. Lithium metal is regarded as a “Holy Grail” anode material because of its high theor. specific capacity and uniquely low reduction potential. However, its low Coulombic efficiency and hazards caused by uncontrolled lithium dendrite growth have hindered its practical application in anodes for many years. In this work, we design a novel boron-containing single-ion conducting polymer electrolyte that eliminates the large elec. field that Chazalviel has identified as the cause of lithium dendrite growth. The ability to inhibit lithium dendrite growth is demonstrated via galvanostatic cycling tests of Li/Electrolyte/Li cells. In addition, the boron-containing single-ion conducting polymer electrolyte exhibits excellent ionic conductivity (2.23 mS cm^-1) and an extremely high lithium-ion transference number (0.71). Moreover, the LiFePO₄/Electrolyte/Li cell exhibits an outstanding specific capacity of more than 130 mAh g^-1 and excellent capacity retention (90% of the highest capacity was retained after 100 cycles). This excellent performance indicates a promising strategy for development of safe, long-life lithium metal batteries.

Formula: C9H17BO2, Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C9H17BO2 and its molecular weight is 168.04 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is an allylation reagent that is used to produce aldehydes from ketones. It reacts with water, yielding the desired product and formaldehyde as a byproduct. The reaction proceeds through a sequence of steps, in which the boronate ester first reacts with water to form an allylboronate ion and hydrogen gas. This intermediate then reacts with potassium t-butoxide to produce the desired allyl alcohol and potassium borohydride. Finally, the palladium complex catalyst reduces the carbonyl group of the starting material, converting it into an aldehyde. Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is commercially available as a white solid, but can also be synthesized from 2-chloro-5-pinacolylborane (pinacol) in high yield using catalytic cross coupling reactions., 72824-04-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Some low molecular weight alcohols of industrial importance are produced by the addition of water to alkenes. 72824-04-5, formula is C9H17BO2, Ethanol, isopropanol, 2-butanol, and tert-butanol are produced by this general method. Two implementations are employed, the direct and indirect methods. SDS of cas: 72824-04-5

Chen, Ming research published 《 Cu-catalyzed coupling of vinylidene cyclopropanes with allyl and allenyl boronates》, the research content is summarized as follows. The development of Cu-catalyzed coupling of vinylidene cyclopropanes with allyl or allenyl boronates to give alkenynylmalonates is reported. The reaction forms a C-C bond at the terminal carbon atom of the allene moiety of vinylidene cyclopropanes with concurrent opening of the cyclopropane ring. In addition, the resulting Cu-enolate intermediate can be intercepted by external electrophiles.

SDS of cas: 72824-04-5, Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C9H17BO2 and its molecular weight is 168.04 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is an allylation reagent that is used to produce aldehydes from ketones. It reacts with water, yielding the desired product and formaldehyde as a byproduct. The reaction proceeds through a sequence of steps, in which the boronate ester first reacts with water to form an allylboronate ion and hydrogen gas. This intermediate then reacts with potassium t-butoxide to produce the desired allyl alcohol and potassium borohydride. Finally, the palladium complex catalyst reduces the carbonyl group of the starting material, converting it into an aldehyde. Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is commercially available as a white solid, but can also be synthesized from 2-chloro-5-pinacolylborane (pinacol) in high yield using catalytic cross coupling reactions., 72824-04-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, In chemistry, an alcohol is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl functional group (−OH) bound to a saturated carbon atom. 72824-04-5, name is 2-Allyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane, An important class of alcohols, of which methanol and ethanol are the simplest examples, includes all compounds which conform to the general formula CnH2n+1OH.

Bera, Srikrishna;Mao, Runze;Hu, Xile research published 《 Enantioselective C(sp³)-C(sp³) cross-coupling of non-activated alkyl electrophiles via nickel hydride catalysis》, the research content is summarized as follows. Cross-coupling of two alkyl fragments is an efficient method to produce organic mols. rich in sp³-hybridized carbon centers, which are attractive candidate compounds in drug discovery. Enantioselective C(sp³)-C(sp³) coupling is challenging, especially of alkyl electrophiles without an activating group (aryl, vinyl, carbonyl). Here, we report a strategy based on nickel hydride addition to internal olefins followed by nickel-catalyzed alkyl-alkyl coupling. This strategy enables the enantioselective cross-coupling of non-activated alkyl halides with alkenyl boronates to produce chiral alkyl boronates. Employing readily available and stable olefins as pro-chiral nucleophiles, the coupling proceeds under mild conditions and exhibits broad scope and high functional-group tolerance. Applications for the functionalization of natural products and drug mols., as well as the synthesis of chiral building blocks and a key intermediate to (S)-(+)-pregabalin, are demonstrated.

72824-04-5, Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C9H17BO2 and its molecular weight is 168.04 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is an allylation reagent that is used to produce aldehydes from ketones. It reacts with water, yielding the desired product and formaldehyde as a byproduct. The reaction proceeds through a sequence of steps, in which the boronate ester first reacts with water to form an allylboronate ion and hydrogen gas. This intermediate then reacts with potassium t-butoxide to produce the desired allyl alcohol and potassium borohydride. Finally, the palladium complex catalyst reduces the carbonyl group of the starting material, converting it into an aldehyde. Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is commercially available as a white solid, but can also be synthesized from 2-chloro-5-pinacolylborane (pinacol) in high yield using catalytic cross coupling reactions., Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, In chemistry, an alcohol is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl functional group (−OH) bound to a saturated carbon atom. 72824-04-5, name is 2-Allyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane, An important class of alcohols, of which methanol and ethanol are the simplest examples, includes all compounds which conform to the general formula CnH2n+1OH.

Bhowmik, Dipankar;Dutta, Arnab;Maitra, Uday research published 《 An inexpensive and sensitive turn-on luminescence protocol for sensing formaldehyde》, the research content is summarized as follows. Formaldehyde (FA), the simplest and most widely-used aldehyde, can pose serious health issues when present at elevated concentrations Here, we report a “turn-on” terbium photoluminescence method for the efficient detection of FA. A pro-sensitizer mol. was designed and synthesized, which releases the sensitizer in the presence of FA inside the terbium cholate hydrogel matrix, resulting in a “turn-on” luminescence response. The introduction of a paper-based sensing approach makes the protocol simpler and cost-effective, and has a detection limit as low as 100 nM.

Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C9H17BO2 and its molecular weight is 168.04 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is an allylation reagent that is used to produce aldehydes from ketones. It reacts with water, yielding the desired product and formaldehyde as a byproduct. The reaction proceeds through a sequence of steps, in which the boronate ester first reacts with water to form an allylboronate ion and hydrogen gas. This intermediate then reacts with potassium t-butoxide to produce the desired allyl alcohol and potassium borohydride. Finally, the palladium complex catalyst reduces the carbonyl group of the starting material, converting it into an aldehyde. Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is commercially available as a white solid, but can also be synthesized from 2-chloro-5-pinacolylborane (pinacol) in high yield using catalytic cross coupling reactions., 72824-04-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Electric Literature of 72824-04-5, In chemistry, an alcohol is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl functional group (−OH) bound to a saturated carbon atom. 72824-04-5, name is 2-Allyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane, An important class of alcohols, of which methanol and ethanol are the simplest examples, includes all compounds which conform to the general formula CnH2n+1OH.

Blair, Daniel J.;Chitti, Sriyankari;Trobe, Melanie;Kostyra, David M.;Haley, Hannah M. S.;Hansen, Richard L.;Ballmer, Steve G.;Woods, Toby J.;Wang, Wesley;Mubayi, Vikram;Schmidt, Michael J.;Pipal, Robert W.;Morehouse, Greg. F.;Palazzolo Ray, Andrea M. E.;Gray, Danielle L.;Gill, Adrian L.;Burke, Martin D. research published 《 Automated iterative Csp³-C bond formation》, the research content is summarized as follows. Fully automated synthetic chem. would substantially change the field by providing broad on-demand access to small mols. However, the reactions that can be run autonomously are still limited. Automating the stereospecific assembly of Csp³-C bonds would expand access to many important types of functional organic mols.¹. Previously, methyliminodiacetic acid (MIDA) boronates were used to orchestrate the formation of Csp²-Csp² bonds and were effective building blocks for automating the synthesis of many small mols., but they are incompatible with stereospecific Csp³-Csp² and Csp³-Csp³ bond-forming reactions. Here authors report that hyperconjugative and steric tuning provide a new class of tetra-Me N-methyliminodiacetic acid (TIDA) boronates that are stable to these conditions. Charge d. anal. revealed that redistribution of electron d. increases covalency of the N-B bond and thereby attenuates its hydrolysis. Complementary steric shielding of carbonyl π-faces decreases reactivity towards nucleophilic reagents. The unique features of the iminodiacetic acid cage, which are essential for generalized automated synthesis, are retained by TIDA boronates. This enabled Csp³ boronate building blocks to be assembled using automated synthesis, including the preparation of natural products through automated stereospecific Csp³-Csp² and Csp³-Csp³ bond formation. These findings will enable increasingly complex Csp³-rich small mols. to be accessed via automated assembly.

Electric Literature of 72824-04-5, Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C9H17BO2 and its molecular weight is 168.04 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is an allylation reagent that is used to produce aldehydes from ketones. It reacts with water, yielding the desired product and formaldehyde as a byproduct. The reaction proceeds through a sequence of steps, in which the boronate ester first reacts with water to form an allylboronate ion and hydrogen gas. This intermediate then reacts with potassium t-butoxide to produce the desired allyl alcohol and potassium borohydride. Finally, the palladium complex catalyst reduces the carbonyl group of the starting material, converting it into an aldehyde. Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is commercially available as a white solid, but can also be synthesized from 2-chloro-5-pinacolylborane (pinacol) in high yield using catalytic cross coupling reactions., 72824-04-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts