Tag: 600-700

Interaction of dicentrinone, an antitrypanosomal aporphine alkaloid isolated from Ocotea puberula (Lauraceae), in cell membrane models at the air-water interface was written by Barbosa, Henrique;da Silva, Rafael Leonardo C. G.;Costa-Silva, Thais A.;Tempone, Andre G.;Antar, Guilherme M.;Lago, Joao Henrique G.;Caseli, Luciano. And the article was included in Bioorganic Chemistry in 2020.Formula: C37H74NO8P The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In the present work, the oxoaporphine alkaloid dicentrinone was isolated, for the first time, from leaves of Ocotea puberula (Lauraceae). This alkaloid exhibited antiparasitic activity against trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi (IC₅₀ of 16.4 ± 1.7μM), similar to the pos. control benznidazole (IC₅₀ of 18.7 ± 4.1μM), reduced mammalian cytotoxicity (CC₅₀ > 200μM), and a selectivity index (SI) higher than 12. These results were correlated with the effects observed using cellular membrane models, represented by 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DPPE), in Langmuir monolayers. Dicentrinone was incorporated in the films, submitted to lateral compression, and characterized by tensiometry. As observed in compression-decompression and time-stability curves, dicentrinone expanded the lipid monolayers, decreased the compressional modulus of the film, and reduced the stability of the monolayer. Brewster Angle Microscopy and interfacial IR Spectroscopy showed that dicentrinone causes the monolayers to be segregated in phases, and to increase the number of gauche/trans conformers ratio for the lipid acyl methylene groups, indicating configurational disorder. As a result, dicentrinone caused a disturbance in the cell membrane models, altering the physicochem. properties of the lipid surface such as thermodn., rheol., morphol., and structural aspects. These results can be useful to understand the interactions between dicentrinone and lipid biol. surfaces at the mol. level. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5Formula: C37H74NO8P).

(2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Formula: C37H74NO8P

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Nanosized non-proteinaceous complexes III and IV mimicking electron transfer of mitochondrial respiratory chain was written by Modenez, Iago A.;Macedo, Lucyano J. A.;Melo, Antonio F. A. A.;Pereira, Andressa R.;Oliveira, Osvaldo N. Jr.;Crespilho, Frank N.. And the article was included in Journal of Colloid and Interface Science in 2021.Synthetic Route of C37H74NO8P The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Synthetic biol. pursues the understanding of biol. processes and their possible mimicry with artificial bioinspired materials. A number of materials have already been used to mimic the active site of simple redox proteins, including nanosized iron oxides due to their redox properties. However, the mimicry of membrane redox protein complexes is still a challenge. Herein, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs), incorporated as non-proteinaceous complexes III and IV in a mitochondrial model membrane, catalyze electron transfer (ET) similarly to the natural complexes towards cytochrome c. The associated mol. mechanism is exptl. proven in solution and in a Langmuir-Blodgett film. A direct and entropy-driven ET, with rate constant of 2.63 ± 0.05 L mol^-1 at 25°C, occurs between the iron sites of the NPs and the cytochrome c heme group, not affecting the protein secondary and tertiary structures. This process requires an activation energy of 40.2 ± 1.5 kJ mol^-1 resulting in an overall Gibbs free energy of -55.3 kJ mol^-1. Furthermore, the protein-NP system is governed by electrostatic and non-polar forces that contribute to an associative mechanism in the transition state. Finally, the incorporated NPs in a model membrane were able to catalyze ET, such as the natural complexes in respiratory chain. This work presents an exptl. approach demonstrating that inorganic nanostructured systems may behave as embedded proteins in the eukaryotic cells membrane, opening the way for more sophisticated and robust mimicry of membrane protein complexes. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5Synthetic Route of C37H74NO8P).

(2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Synthetic Route of C37H74NO8P

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Catechin inhibits glycated phosphatidylethanolamine formation by trapping dicarbonyl compounds and forming quinone was written by Han, Lipeng;Lin, Qingna;Liu, Guoqin;Han, Dongxue;Niu, Li;Su, Dongxiao. And the article was included in Food & Function in 2019.COA of Formula: C37H74NO8P The following contents are mentioned in the article:

It is important to inhibit food-derived potentially hazardous glycated lipids with natural products. A model reaction inhibition system was established, and products were identified with high-performance liquid chromatog.-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) to study the inhibitory effects of four types of catechins on the formation of glycated 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DPPE) products. The results show that the percentage inhibition of epicatechin (EC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin (EGC) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on the formation of carboxymethyl 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (CM-DPPE) are 38.84%, 33.31%, 20.71% and 22.66%, resp. The percentage inhibition of EC, ECG, EGC and EGCG on the formation of carboxyethyl 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (CE-DPPE) is 42.04%, 41.99%, 31.70% and 36.24%, resp. In addition, catechin can capture glyoxal (GO) and methylglyoxal (MGO) to produce multiple products. O-Benzoquinone, the oxidation products of catechin, also captures DPPE to produce quinone-DPPE adducts. Therefore, there are two inhibitory mechanisms of tea-derived catechin for glycated DPPE: (1) catechin inhibits the formation of CM-DPPE and CE-DPPE by trapping reactive GO and MGO; and (2) catechin is oxidized to o-benzoquinone. O-Benzoquinone reacts with DPPE through nucleophilic substitution, which competes with the reaction between glucose and DPPE. This study will provide a theor. basis for the use of natural products to inhibit the formation of food-derived glycated lipids. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5COA of Formula: C37H74NO8P).

(2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.COA of Formula: C37H74NO8P

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Nanoscale Spatiotemporal Diffusion Modes Measured by Simultaneous Confocal and Stimulated Emission Depletion Nanoscopy Imaging was written by Schneider, Falk;Waithe, Dominic;Galiani, Silvia;Bernardino de la Serna, Jorge;Sezgin, Erdinc;Eggeling, Christian. And the article was included in Nano Letters in 2018.Safety of (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The diffusion dynamics in the cellular plasma membrane provide crucial insights into mol. interactions, organization, and bioactivity. Beam-scanning fluorescence correlation spectroscopy combined with super-resolution stimulated emission depletion nanoscopy (scanning STED-FCS) measures such dynamics with high spatial and temporal resolution It reveals nanoscale diffusion characteristics by measuring the mol. diffusion in conventional confocal mode and super-resolved STED mode sequentially for each pixel along the scanned line. However, to directly link the spatial and the temporal information, a method that simultaneously measures the diffusion in confocal and STED modes is needed. Here, to overcome this problem, the authors establish an advanced STED-FCS measurement method, line interleaved excitation scanning STED-FCS (LIESS-FCS), that discloses the mol. diffusion modes at different spatial positions with a single measurement. It relies on fast beam-scanning along a line with alternating laser illumination that yields, for each pixel, the apparent diffusion coefficients for two different observation spot sizes (conventional confocal and super-resolved STED). The authors demonstrate the potential of the LIESS-FCS approach with simulations and experiments on lipid diffusion in model and live cell plasma membranes. The authors also apply LIESS-FCS to study the spatiotemporal organization of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins in the plasma membrane of live cells, which show multiple diffusion modes at different spatial positions. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5Safety of (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate).

(2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Safety of (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A novel polysaccharide obtained from Siraitia grosvenorii alleviates inflammatory responses in a diabetic nephropathy mouse model via the TLR4-NF-κB pathway was written by Gong, Pin;Cui, Dandan;Guo, Yuxi;Wang, Mengrao;Wang, Zhineng;Huang, Zihan;Yang, Wenjuan;Chen, Fuxin;Chen, Xuefeng. And the article was included in Food & Function in 2021.Application In Synthesis of (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The inflammatory and antioxidant effects of a novel Siraitia grosvenorii polysaccharide (SGP-1-1) were investigated in an inflammation-suppressed diabetic nephropathy (DN) mouse model, and the underlying mol. mechanisms of inflammation and oxidative stress in SGP-1-1-treated mouse models were elucidated. The results demonstrated that DN mouse models treated with SGP-1-1 (50, 100, and 200 mg kg-1 d-1) exhibited good inflammation-modulating activity. In addition, histopathol. anal. showed that glomerular atrophy, severe glomerular thylakoid hyperplasia, tubular endothelial detachment, basement membrane exposure, cytoplasmic infiltration with inflammatory cells, and interstitial edema were all alleviated in DN mice after treatment with SGP-1-1. Metabolomics anal. based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS revealed that a close relationship between the occurrence of DN and the potential 39 biomarkers, especially, leukotriene E3 and arachidonic acid,of which the main invloved metabolic pathways may beglycerophospholipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism and primary bile acid biosynthesis. Quant. real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot anal. results demonstrated that SGP-1-1 downregulates mRNA and the protein expression of the G protein-coupled cell membrane receptor TLR4 and its downstream protein kinase (NF-κB p65). This, resulted in the inhibition of the TLR4-NF-κB pathway in the peritoneum of DN mice by regulating inflammation, while stimulating the production of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reducing the production of cytokine (IL-6, TNF-α) and malondialdehyde (MDA). This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5Application In Synthesis of (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate).

(2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Application In Synthesis of (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Activity of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase in model lipid membrane at air-water interface was written by Matyszewska, Dorota;Zatloukalova, Martina;Bilewicz, Renata. And the article was included in Electrochimica Acta in 2019.Formula: C37H74NO8P The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase pump was reconstituted in proteoliposomes composed of DPPC:DPPE, which were then spread at the air-H₂O interface using Langmuir technique. In the presence of the enzyme in the liposomes the resulting lipidic layer at the air-H₂O interface became more liquid The effect of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase on the morphol. of Langmuir lipidic layers was monitored by Brewster angle microscopy, which showed the formation of lattice-like structure in between round-shaped lipid domains. The presence of protein stabilized the DPPC:DPPE mixed monolayer at the air-H₂O interface, which was revealed by surface pressure measurements in time and ascribed to H bond network formation between the protein and the lipids. The activity of the protein embedded in the lipidic Langmuir layer was measured using spectroscopy and voltammetry. Free phosphate released from ATP reacted with ammonium molybdate and the blue α-Keggin anion formed was detected spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 710 nm. The results based on spectroscopic assay were complemented with electrochem. methods. The activity of the enzyme could by switched off using the inhibitor – ouabain. The Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity (2.62 nmol mg^-1 min^-1) was similar to the activity of the protein solubilized using detergents (3.21 nmol mg^-1 min^-1). The slightly lower activity was ascribed to the defined orientation of the embedded protein mols. with respect to the air-H₂O interface needed for its activity at the air-H₂O interface. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5Formula: C37H74NO8P).

(2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Formula: C37H74NO8P

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effect of lipopolymer (DSPE-PEG750) on phospholipid monolayers and bilayers differing in the structure of the polar head group was written by Kowalska, Magdalena;Broniatowski, Marcin;Mach, Marzena;Plachta, Lukasz;Wydro, Pawel. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Liquids in 2021.Product Details of 923-61-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Phospholipid liposomes are the most popular kind of vesicles used in drug delivery due to their high biocompatibility with biomembranes. However, this type of liposomes show some limitations related with their short half-life in bloodstream. This problem can be resolved by the coating of their surface with the application of PEG mols. which form steric and entropic barrier, avoiding recognition of encapsulated liposomes by the reticuloendothelial system (RES). Such modification of liposomes significantly affects the physicochem. characteristics of PEGylated liposomes, which is related to the intermol. interactions between the lipopolymer mols. and the phospholipid that builds the liposome membrane. In our work we investigated the influence of the PEG-ylated lipid (DSPE-PEG750) on physicochem. properties of phospholipid monolayers and bilayers with different structure of the polar group (DPPC, DPPE, DPPS). The phospholipid monolayers were examined with the application of Langmuir monolayer technique and Brewster angle microscopy (BAM) as well as grazing incidence x-ray diffraction (GIXD). The studies performed on phospholipid bilayer systems were related to dynamic light scattering and ζ potential measurements and the experiments with the calcein release and steady-state fluorescence anisotropy of DPH. The obtained results showed that the type of polar group of phospholipid as well as the addition of PEG-ylated lipid significantly changes the mol. organization of phospholipid monolayers. Moreover, these parameters also influence the properties of phospholipid bilayers such as size, surface charge, stability and permeability. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5Product Details of 923-61-5).

(2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Product Details of 923-61-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Structure Dependence of Pyridine and Benzene Derivatives on Interactions with Model Membranes was written by Peters, Benjamin J.;Van Cleave, Cameron;Haase, Allison A.;Hough, John Peter B.;Giffen-Kent, Keisha A.;Cardiff, Gabriel M.;Sostarecz, Audra G.;Crick, Dean C.;Crans, Debbie C.. And the article was included in Langmuir in 2018.Formula: C37H74NO8P The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Pyridine-based small-mol. drugs, vitamins, and cofactors are vital for many cellular processes, but little is known about their interactions with membrane interfaces. These specific membrane interactions of these small mols. or ions can assist in diffusion across membranes or reach a membrane bound target. This study explored how minor differences in small mols. (isoniazid, benzhydrazide, isonicotinamide, nicotinamide, picolinamide, and benzamide) can affect their interactions with model membranes. Langmuir monolayer studies of DPPC or DPPE, in the presence of the mols. listed, showed that isoniazid and isonicotinamide affected the DPPE monolayer at lower concentrations than the DPPC monolayer, demonstrating a preference for one phospholipid over the other. The Langmuir monolayer studies also suggested that nitrogen content and stereochem. of the small mol. could affect the phospholipid monolayers differently. To determine the mol. interactions of the simple N-containing aromatic pyridines with a membrane-like interface, ¹H 1D NMR and ¹H-¹H 2D NMR techniques were utilized to obtain information about position and orientation of the mols. of interest within aerosol-OT (AOT) reverse micelles. These studies showed that all 6 of the mols. resided near the AOT sulfonate head-groups and ester linkages in similar positions, but nicotinamide and picolinamide tilted at the water-AOT interface to varying degrees. Combined, these studies demonstrate that small structural changes of small N-containing mols. can affect their specific interactions with membrane-like interfaces, and specificity toward different membrane components. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5Formula: C37H74NO8P).

(2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Formula: C37H74NO8P

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Labyrinthopeptin A1 inhibits dengue and Zika virus infection by interfering with the viral phospholipid membrane was written by Oeyen, Merel;Meyen, Eef;Noppen, Sam;Claes, Sandra;Doijen, Jordi;Vermeire, Kurt;Sussmuth, Roderich D.;Schols, Dominique. And the article was included in Virology in 2021.Reference of 923-61-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

To date, there are no broad-spectrum antivirals available to treat infections with flaviviruses such as dengue (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV). In this study, we determine the broad antiviral activity of the lantibiotic Labyrinthopeptin A1. We show that Laby A1 inhibits all DENV serotypes and various ZIKV strains with IC50 around 1μM. The structurally related Laby A2 also displayed a consistent, but about tenfold lower, antiviral activity. Furthermore, Laby A1 inhibits many viruses from divergent families such as HIV, YFV, RSV and Punta Torovirus. Of interest, Laby A1 does not show activity against non-enveloped viruses. Its antiviral activity is independent of the cell line or the used evaluation method, and can also be observed in MDDC, a physiol. relevant primary cell type. Furthermore, Laby A1 demonstrates low cellular toxicity and has a more favorable SI compared to duramycin, a well-described lantibiotic with broad-spectrum antiviral activity. Time-of-drug addition experiments demonstrate that Laby A1 inhibits infection and entry processes of ZIKV and DENV. We reveal that Laby A1 performs its broad antiviral activity by interacting with a viral factor rather than a cellular factor, and that it has virucidal properties. Finally, using SPR interaction studies we demonstrate that Laby A1 interacts with several phospholipids (i.e. PE and PS) present in the viral envelope. Together with other recent Labyrinthopeptin antiviral publications, this work validates the activity of Laby A1 as broad antiviral entry inhibitor with a unique mechanism of action and demonstrates its potential value as antiviral agent against emerging flaviviruses. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5Reference of 923-61-5).

(2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Reference of 923-61-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Hydroxycholesterol-25 interacts differently with lipids of the inner and outer membrane leaflet-The Langmuir monolayer study complemented with theoretical calculations was written by Wnetrzak, Anita;Chachaj-Brekiesz, Anna;Kus, Karolina;Filiczkowska, Anna;Lipiec, Ewelina;Kobierski, Jan;Petelska, Aneta D.;Dynarowicz-Latka, Patrycja. And the article was included in Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology in 2021.Name: (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

25-Hydroxycholesterol (25-OH), a mol. with unusual behavior at the air/water interface, being anchored to the water surface alternatively with a hydroxyl group at C(3) or C(25), has been investigated in mixtures with main membrane phospholipids (phosphatidylcholines – PCs, and phosphatidylethanolamines – PEs), characteristic of the outer and inner membrane leaflet, resp. To achieve this goal, the classical Langmuir monolayer approach based on thermodn. anal. of interactions was conducted in addition to microscopic imaging of films (in situ with BAM and after transfer onto mica with AFM), surface-sensitive spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS), as well as theor. calculations Our results show that the strength of interactions is primarily determined by the kind of polar group (strong, attractive interactions leading to surface complexes formation were found to occur with PCs while weak or repulsive ones with PEs). Subsequently, the saturation of phosphatidylcholines apolar chain(s) was found to be crucial for the structure of the formed complexes. Namely, saturated PC (DPPC) does not have preferences regarding the orientation of 25-OH mol. in surface complexes (which results in the two possible 25-OH arrangements), while unsaturated PC (DOPC) enforces one specific orientation of oxysterol (with C(3)-OH group). Our findings suggest that the transport of 25-OH between inner and outer membrane leaflet can proceed without orientation changes, which is thermodynamically advantageous. This explains results found in real systems showing significant differences in the rate of transmembrane transport of 25-OH and the other chain-oxidized oxysterols compared to their ring-oxidized analogs or cholesterol. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5Name: (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate).

(2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Name: (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts