Tag: 300-400

Effects of calcium salts on thermal characteristics of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose films was written by Sakata, Yukoh;Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki. And the article was included in Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids in 2011.Application of 5743-47-5 This article mentions the following:

Cast films comprising hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and calcium chloride (CaCl₂) have higher flexibility than those with HPMC and calcium lactate pentahydrate (CLP). The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the mol. behavior and the film flexibility of HPMC cast films. In differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements, the HPMC-only cast films exhibited a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 142.1-143.9 °C, which is similar that of HPMC/CLP cast films. In contrast, HPMC/CaCl₂ cast films exhibited Tg of 76.1-77.3 °C, which is lower than that of HPMC-only and HPMC/CLP films. Thermal mech. anal. (TMA) results indicated that the HPMC-only and HPMC/CLP cast films contracted strongly around the Tg calculated using DSC. In contrast, the cast films comprising HPMC/CaCl₂ blends gradually contracted as the temperature increased; this behavior is significantly different from that observed in the HPMC-only and HPMC/CLP films. The most probable mechanism for the film flexibility of HPMC/calcium salt blends was clarified through attenuated total reflection Fourier transform-IR (ATR FT-IR) and thermogravimetric (TG) anal. The anal. results suggest that the difference in the flexibility of the cast films in the presence of CaCl₂ or CLP depends on the difference affinity between calcium salts and water mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5Application of 5743-47-5).

Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Application of 5743-47-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Development of Water-Soluble Type I Photoinitiators for Hydrogel Synthesis was written by Aubry, Berengere;Dumur, Frederic;Lansalot, Muriel;Bourgeat-Lami, Elodie;Lacote, Emmanuel;Lalevee, Jacques. And the article was included in Macromol in 2022.Safety of ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) This article mentions the following:

In this work, two new water-soluble photoinitiators based on the α-alkoxy-arylketone scaffold have been synthesized and investigated for their ability to initiate photopolymerization for the preparation of hydrogels. The efficiency of these new Type I photoinitiators was compared to that of benchmark ones (2-hydroxy-4′-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylpropiophenone-Irgacure 2959 and 2-hydroxy-2-Me propiophenone-Irgacure 1173). In combination with additive (carbene-borane), a good initiating ability was found under air. Mech. properties of the prepared hydrogels were investigated by tensile tests and dynamic mech. anal. (DMA). Markedly, hydrogels could be prepared with the newly proposed initiating systems in mild conditions (i.e., under air, using low light intensity @405 or 395 nm and without specialized glassware) and exhibited similar properties to those prepared by harsher approaches (thermal treatment or UV light). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1Safety of ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate)).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Safety of ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate)

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Crosslinking Polymer Brushes with Ethylene Glycol-Containing Segments: Influence on Physicochemical and Antifouling Properties was written by Dehghani, Ella S.;Spencer, Nicholas D.;Ramakrishna, Shivaprakash N.;Benetti, Edmondo M.. And the article was included in Langmuir in 2016.Electric Literature of C16H26O7 This article mentions the following:

The introduction of different types and concentrations of crosslinks within poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) brushes influences their interfacial, physicochem. properties, ultimately governing their adsorption of proteins. PHEMA brushes and brush-hydrogels were synthesized by surface-initiated, atom-transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) from HEMA, with and without the addition of di(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (DEGDMA) or tetra(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) as crosslinkers. Linear (pure PHEMA) brushes show high hydration and low modulus and addnl. provide an efficient barrier against nonspecific protein adsorption. In contrast, brush-hydrogels are stiffer and less hydrated, and the presence of crosslinks affects the entropy-driven, conformational barrier that hinders the surface interaction of biomols. with brushes. This leads to the physisorption of proteins at low concentrations of short crosslinks. At higher contents of DEGDMA or in the presence of longer TEGDMA-based crosslinks, brush-hydrogels recover their antifouling properties due to the increase in interfacial water association by the higher concentration of ethylene glycol (EG) units. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1Electric Literature of C16H26O7).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Electric Literature of C16H26O7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Long-term use of ospemifene in clinical practice for vulvo-vaginal atrophy: end results at 12 months of follow-up. was written by Pingarrón Santofímia, Carmen;Lafuente González, Pilar;Guitiérrez Vélez, María Del Carmen;Calvente Aguilar, Virginia;Poyo Torcal, Silvia;Terol Sánchez, Pablo;Palacios, Santiago. And the article was included in Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology in 2022.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

OBJECTIVE: To assess the improvement in vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) of postmenopausal women treated with oral ospemifene 60 mg/day under conditions of routine clinical practice after 12 months of follow-up. METHODS: The AYSEX study is a Spanish observational, prospective, and unicentric study in which five gynecologists recruited postmenopausal women with VVA in routine clinical practice treated with oral ospemifene 60 mg/day as an appropriate therapeutic option. Vaginal health, the most bothersome symptoms, sexual health, endometrial safety, bone resorption markers, bone densitometry, mammography, treatment satisfaction, and quality of life were assessed at baseline and after 12 months using appropriate scales. RESULTS: A total of 100 postmenopausal women cytologically and clinically diagnosed with VVA were included in the study. After 3 months of treatment with ospemifene, a significant improvement was observed in all domains of Vaginal Health Index. This improvement was maintained at month 12 and only one patient remained with vaginal atrophy. In addition, a significant improvement was observed in the most bothersome symptoms, sexual function, and quality of life. There was no significant change in endometrial thickness, mammography, and bone health during the 12 months of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This study in routine clinical practice conditions confirms the results previously reported by randomized controlled trials, including a significant improvement in VVA, sexual function, quality of life, endometrial safety, and satisfaction with the treatment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Difference in sensitivity to culture condition between in vitro fertilized and somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos in pigs was written by Yamanaka, Ken-ichi;Sugimura, Satoshi;Wakai, Takuya;Kawahara, Manabu;Sato, Eimei. And the article was included in Journal of Reproduction and Development in 2009.HPLC of Formula: 5743-47-5 This article mentions the following:

We evaluated the developmental competence of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos using in vitro embryo culture systems. Embryos were cultured in NCSU-23, NCSU-23 supplemented with essential and non-essential amino acids (NCSU-23aa) or modified PZM-5 supplemented with BSA instead of PVA (mPZM-5). The rates of blastocyst formation were significantly higher in the mPZM-5 group than in the other groups, regardless of the method of embryo production (38.0 vs. 25.3 or 29.1% for IVF, 18.2 vs. 8.7 or 9.4% for SCNT, resp.). The mean cell numbers of IVF and SCNT blastocysts were also significantly higher in mPZM-5 than in the other groups (62.0 vs. 42.3 or 43.0 for IVF, 46.5 vs. 29.4 or 31.3 for SCNT, resp.). Next, the embryos were cultured in mPZM-5 from days 0 to 4 and then in mPZM-5 (P/P), NCSU-23 (P/N) or NCSU-23aa (P/Naa) until day 6. The rates of blastocyst formation were similar among the 3 two-step culture systems in both embryo groups (36.2, 34.2, and 33.6% for IVF, 20.8, 14.1, and 17.2% for SCNT, resp.). The mean cell number in the IVF and SCNT blastocysts was significantly lower in P/N than in P/P and P/Naa (46.5 vs. 63.5 and 68.7 for IVF, 29.3 vs. 45.5 and 39.7 for SCNT, resp.). Next, we examined the effect of media on apoptosis in IVF and SCNT blastocysts. The apoptosis indexes in the blastocysts derived from either NCSU-23 or mPZM-5 were analyzed by TUNEL assay. The apoptosis index of the SCNT blastocysts was significantly lower in mPZM-5 than in NCSU-23 (8.8 vs. 13.6%), whereas no such difference was observed between groups in the IVF embryos (5.1 vs. 4.4%). These data suggested that SCNT embryos were more easily affected by culture environment compared with IVF embryos, offering the possibility to further enhance the developmental competence of SCNT embryos by developing more appropriate culture conditions in pigs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5HPLC of Formula: 5743-47-5).

Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.HPLC of Formula: 5743-47-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effects of ospemifene on the female reproductive and urinary tracts: translation from preclinical models into clinical evidence. was written by Archer, David F;Carr, Bruce R;Pinkerton, JoAnn V;Taylor, Hugh S;Constantine, Ginger D. And the article was included in Menopause (New York, N.Y.) in 2015.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

OBJECTIVE: Treatment of menopausal symptoms by compounds with tissue-selective estrogen agonist/antagonist effects, often called selective estrogen receptor modulators, has been researched as an alternative to the use of estrogen therapy. These structurally diverse molecules elicit tissue-dependent responses in hormone-responsive tissues and organs, exhibiting variations in estrogenic activity in preclinical models of postmenopausal reproductive tissues that may improve postmenopausal women’s health (eg, prevention and treatment of breast cancer, osteoporosis, and vulvar and vaginal atrophy). METHODS: This literature review investigates whether preclinical data predicted the clinical effects of ospemifene on female reproductive and urinary tract tissues and compares these findings with the specific vaginal effects of other estrogen receptor agonists/antagonists (tamoxifen, raloxifene, and bazedoxifene) in preclinical and clinical studies. Lasofoxifene, although not currently available, is included because of its unique effects on vaginal tissue. RESULTS: The response of endometrial and vaginal tissues to estrogen receptor agonists/antagonists can be differentiated using transvaginal ultrasound, endometrial histopathology, cytologic examination of vaginal smears, assessment of physical changes in the vagina, and relief of symptoms associated with vulvar and vaginal atrophy (such as dyspareunia). CONCLUSIONS: Available evidence indicates that ospemifene has unique effects on tissue, leading to a favorable long-term profile for the relief of vulvar and vaginal atrophy compared with other estrogen receptor agonists/antagonists (eg, tamoxifen, raloxifene, and bazedoxifene) with no short-term concerns about endometrial safety (based on endometrial hyperplasia, carcinoma, endometrial spotting, and endometrial bleeding). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A study on prescription pattern of chronic kidney disease in tertiary care hospital was written by Saraswathi Pravallika, M.;Sampreethi, H.;Anusha, C. H.;Rohini, K.;Shete, Shivkumar. And the article was included in European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences in 2021.Recommanded Product: Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate This article mentions the following:

The aim of the present investigation is to study the prescription pattern of chronic kidney disease in tertiary care hospital. The objective of the study was to study the prescription patterns of drugs used in chronic kidney disease and other comorbid conditions and to identify which drug is mostly prescribed at that hospital. To assess the rationality of prescription. To evaluate the medication adherence in CKD patients. The study on prescribing pattern definitely improves the quality of prescription writing, so study of drug prescribing pattern is relevant in the present scenario. To evaluate the prevalence of correct dosing in chronic kidney diseases depending on renal function estimation This is a retrospective, prospective observational study conducted over a period of six months. The study was conducted at Medicine ward of GLENEAGLES AWARE GLOBAL HOSPITAL LB.NAGAR. Patients who admitted to Nephrol. department of the hospital during a six- month period from Oct. 2021 to March 2021 are enrolled. CKD patients visiting the nephrologists are evaluated, diagnosed and prescribed with suitable therapy. All necessary details were collected from patient demographics, prescription chart, lab data, progress chart, medical records, doctor’s notes, nursing notes using a suitable designed data collection form. One hundred one patients were included in the project; with a mean age of 62.5. ± 18 years. More than half of patients were male, 77(76.2%). The mean BMI was 26 ± 1.15 kg/ m². The majority of patients were having normal weight 80 (79.2%), 15 (14.8%) patients had overweight, and obesity and only 6 (5.9%) patients were underweight. While 35 (34.6%) patients were smokers, 10 (9.9%) were ex-smokers and 56 (55.4%) patients were non- smokers. Anti- hypertensive agents are predominantly used among the patients. The most preferred options were beta blockers, calcium channel blockers and diuretics. Most of the physicians prescribed metoprolol (18.2%), amlodipine (38.3%), and cilnidipine (2%). Diuretics were the preferred option by the physician furosemide (92.3%), anti-platelets that are prescribed by the physicians are Aspirin (69.2%), clopidogrel (30.7%). Among the lipid lowering agents, atorvastatin (92.8%) was given to the most of the patients. sulbactam (20.4%), cefoperazone (20.4%), clarithromycin (10.25%), amoxycillin (10.25%) were mostly prescribed antibiotics in the study. The study concluded that most of the patients included in the study were suffering from chronic kidney disease. These may be due to their food habits, smoking, less exercise and poor health hygiene. The maximum number of patients was male; it may be due to smoking and alc. habits. Comorbidities such as hypertension, hyperglycemia, albuminuria, renal structure, and sex hormones, have been reported to have different effects on males and females. Thus, CKD progression may differ depending on sex. Early recognition with timely initiation of treatment in collaboration with nephrologists will improve the care for CKD patients. Thus, physicians and Nephrologists play an important outcome in patients with CKD. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5Recommanded Product: Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate).

Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Recommanded Product: Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Evidence for distinct mechanisms of small molecule inhibitors of filovirus entry was written by Schafer, Adam;Xiong, Rui;Cooper, Laura;Nowar, Raghad;Lee, Hyun;Li, Yangfeng;Ramirez, Benjamin E.;Peet, Norton P.;Caffrey, Michael;Thatcher, Gregory R. J.;Saphire, Erica Ollmann;Cheng, Han;Rong, Lijun. And the article was included in PLoS Pathogens in 2021.Synthetic Route of C24H23ClO2 This article mentions the following:

Many small mols. have been identified as entry inhibitors of filoviruses. However, a lack of understanding of the mechanism of action for these mols. limits further their development as anti-filoviral agents. Here we provide evidence that toremifene and other small mol. entry inhibitors have at least three distinctive mechanisms of action and lay the groundwork for future development of anti-filoviral agents. The three mechanisms identified here include: (1) direct binding to the internal fusion loop region of Ebola virus glycoprotein (GP); (2) the HR2 domain is likely the main binding site for Marburg virus GP inhibitors and a secondary binding site for some EBOV GP inhibitors; (3) lysosome trapping of GP inhibitors increases drug exposure in the lysosome and further improves the viral inhibition. Importantly, small mols. targeting different domains on GP are synergistic in inhibiting EBOV entry suggesting these two mechanisms of action are distinct. Our findings provide important mechanistic insights into filovirus entry and rational drug design for future antiviral development. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Synthetic Route of C24H23ClO2).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Synthetic Route of C24H23ClO2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Evaluation of three different decontamination techniques on biofilm formation, and on physical and chemical properties of resin composites was written by Andre, Carolina Bosso;dos Santos, Andressa;Pfeifer, Carmem Silvia;Giannini, Marcelo;Girotto, Emerson Marcelo;Ferracane, Jack Liborio. And the article was included in Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, Part B: Applied Biomaterials in 2018.Synthetic Route of C16H26O7 This article mentions the following:

Objectives : This study evaluated three different sterilization/disinfection techniques for resin composites on bacterial growth and surface modification after decontamination. Methods : Two resin composites were sterilized/disinfected with three different techniques: UV light, 1% chloramine T, and 70% ethanol. Four different times were used for each technique to determine the shortest time that the solution or UV light was effective. The influence of sterilization/disinfection technique on bacterial growth was evaluated by analyzing the metabolic activity, using the AlamarBlue® assay, bacterial viability, and SEM images from biofilms of Streptococcus mutans. The surface change, after the process, was analyzed with ATR/FTIR and SEM images. The solutions used for decontamination (1% chloramine-T and 70% ethanol) were analyzed with ¹H-NMR to identify any resin compounds leached during the process. Results : One minute of decontamination was efficient for all three methods tested. Chloramine-T increased the surface porosity on resin composites, no changes were observed for UV light and 70% ethanol, however, ¹H-NMR identified leached monomers only when 70% ethanol was used. No chem. change of the materials was found under ATR/FTIR analyses after the decontamination process. Chloramine-T, with no previous wash, increased the bacterial viability for both resin composites and increased the bacterial metabolism for the resin composite without fluoride. Conclusion : UV light had no interference on the resin composites properties tested using 1 min of exposure compared to the other decontamination methods. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2017. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1Synthetic Route of C16H26O7).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Synthetic Route of C16H26O7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ionic Conductivity of Polyelectrolyte Hydrogels was written by Lee, Chen-Jung;Wu, Haiyan;Hu, Yang;Young, Megan;Wang, Huifeng;Lynch, Dylan;Xu, Fujian;Cong, Hongbo;Cheng, Gang. And the article was included in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces in 2018.Electric Literature of C16H26O7 This article mentions the following:

Polyelectrolytes have many important functions in both living organisms and man-made applications. One key property of polyelectrolytes is the ionic conductivity due to their porous networks that allow the transport of water and small mol. solutes. Among polyelectrolytes, zwitterionic polymers have attracted huge attention for applications that involve ion transport in a polyelectrolyte matrix; however, it is still unclear how the functional groups of zwitterionic polymer side chains affect their ion transport and swelling properties. In this study, zwitterionic poly(carboxybetaine acrylamide), poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine), and poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) hydrogels were synthesized and their ionic conductivity was studied and compared to cationic, anionic, and nonionic hydrogels. The change of the ionic conductivity of zwitterionic and nonionic hydrogels in different saline solutions was studied in detail. Zwitterionic hydrogels showed much higher ionic conductivity than that of the widely used nonionic poly(ethylene glycol) Me ether methacrylate hydrogel in all tested solutions For both cationic and anionic hydrogels, the presence of mobile counterions led to high ionic conductivity in low salt solutions; however, the ionic conductivity of zwitterionic hydrogels surpassed that of cationic and ionic hydrogels in high salt solutions Cationic and anionic hydrogels showed much higher water content than that of zwitterionic hydrogels in deionized water; however, the cationic hydrogels shrank significantly with increasing saline concentration This work provides insight into the effects of polyelectrolyte side chains on ion transport. This can guide us in choosing better polyelectrolytes for a broad spectrum of applications, including bioelectronics, neural implants, battery, and so on. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1Electric Literature of C16H26O7).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Electric Literature of C16H26O7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts