Tag: 300-400

Hemocompatible hemoadsorbent for effective removal of protein-bound toxin in serum was written by Li, Qingsi;Yang, Jing;Cai, Nana;Zhang, Jiamin;Xu, Tong;Zhao, Weiqiang;Guo, Hongshuang;Zhu, Yingnan;Zhang, Lei. And the article was included in Journal of Colloid and Interface Science in 2019.HPLC of Formula: 109-17-1 This article mentions the following:

Resin hemoperfusion is a life-saving treatment for drug intoxication or hepatic failure of patients. However, current resin adsorbents exhibit a limited hemocompatibility or low adsorption efficiency, representing a major roadblock to successful clin. applications. In this work, we developed a hemocompatible and effective hemoadsorbent based on polystyrene resin (H103) microparticles encapsulated in anti-biofouling zwitterionic poly(carboxybetaine) (PCB) hydrogels. Apart from a strong mech. stability, this PCB-based adsorbent (PCB-H103) exhibited excellent hemocompatibility (hemolysis ratio was ∼0.64%), which was attributed to the anti-biofouling property of PCB hydrogel. In addition, it can efficiently adsorb both small and middle mol. weight mols. in phosphate-buffered saline, and the efficiencies were significantly higher than poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate-based and poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-based adsorbent counterparts, indicating the favorable permeability of PCB hydrogel coating. More importantly, PCB-H103 could effectively remove protein-bound toxins including phenol red and bilirubin in bovine serum albumin solution or even in 100% fetal bovine serum (FBS). In 100% FBS, the adsorption capacity of PCB-H103 towards bilirubin was 8.3 times higher than that of pristine clin.-scale resin beads. Findings in this work may provide a new strategy for the development of modern resin hemoperfusion technol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1HPLC of Formula: 109-17-1).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.HPLC of Formula: 109-17-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Prediction of drugs having opposite effects on disease genes in a directed network was written by Yu, Hasun;Choo, Sungji;Park, Junseok;Jung, Jinmyung;Kang, Yeeok;Lee, Doheon. And the article was included in BMC Systems Biology in 2016.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

Background: Developing novel uses of approved drugs, called drug repositioning, can reduce costs and times in traditional drug development. Network-based approaches have presented promising results in this field. However, even though various types of interactions such as activation or inhibition exist in drug-target interactions and mol. pathways, most of previous network-based studies disregarded this information. Methods: We developed a novel computational method, Prediction of Drugs having Opposite effects on Disease genes (PDOD), for identifying drugs having opposite effects on altered states of disease genes. PDOD utilized drug-drug target interactions with ‘effect type’, an integrated directed mol. network with ‘effect type’ and ‘effect direction’, and disease genes with regulated states in disease patients. With this information, we proposed a scoring function to discover drugs likely to restore altered states of disease genes using the path from a drug to a disease through the drug-drug target interactions, shortest paths from drug targets to disease genes in mol. pathways, and disease gene-disease associations Results: We collected drug-drug target interactions, mol. pathways, and disease genes with their regulated states in the diseases. PDOD is applied to 898 drugs with known drug-drug target interactions and nine diseases. We compared performance of PDOD for predicting known therapeutic drug-disease associations with the previous methods. PDOD outperformed other previous approaches which do not exploit directional information in mol. network. In addition, we provide a simple web service that researchers can submit genes of interest with their altered states and will obtain drugs seeming to have opposite effects on altered states of input genes. Conclusions: Our results showed that ‘effect type’ and ‘effect direction’ information in the network based approaches can be utilized to identify drugs having opposite effects on diseases. Our study can offer a novel insight into the field of network-based drug repositioning. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Update on management of genitourinary syndrome of menopause: A practical guide. was written by Palacios, Santiago;Castelo-Branco, Camil;Currie, Heather;Mijatovic, Velja;Nappi, Rossella E;Simon, James;Rees, Margaret. And the article was included in Maturitas in 2015.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

The term genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) emerged following a consensus conference held in May 2013. GSM is a more descriptive term than vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) and does not imply pathology. However there are concerns that GSM is all encompassing and includes not only symptoms resulting from estrogen deficiency, but also those arising from the effects of ageing and other processes on the bladder and pelvic floor. Focusing on symptoms related to estrogen deficiency, the update provides a practical guide for health and allied health professionals on the impact of GSM on women and their partners, assessment, management and areas for future research. As GSM is a chronic condition, long term therapy is required. Hormonal, nonhormonal, laser and alternative and complementary therapies are described. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of 45S5 Bioglass via a straightforward organic, nitrate-free sol-gel process was written by Rezabeigi, Ehsan;Wood-Adams, Paula M.;Drew, Robin A. L.. And the article was included in Materials Science & Engineering, C: Materials for Biological Applications in 2014.Electric Literature of C6H20CaO11 This article mentions the following:

More than four decades after the discovery of 45S5 Bioglass as the first bioactive material, this composition is still one of the most promising materials in the tissue engineering field. Sol-gel-derived bioactive glasses generally possess improved properties over other bioactive glasses, because of their highly porous microstructure and unique surface chem. which accelerate hydroxyapatite formation. In the current study, a new combination of precursors with lactic acid as the hydrolysis catalyst have been employed to design an organic, nitrate-free sol-gel procedure for synthesizing of 45S5 Bioglass_. This straightforward route is able to produce fully amorphous submicron particles of this glass with an appropriately high sp. surface area on the order of ten times higher than that of the melt-derived glasses. These characteristics are expected to lead to rapid hydroxyapatite formation and consequently more efficient bone bonding. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5Electric Literature of C6H20CaO11).

Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Electric Literature of C6H20CaO11

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A Poly(cobaloxime)/Carbon Nanotube Electrode: Freestanding Buckypaper with Polymer-Enhanced H₂-Evolution Performance was written by Reuillard, Bertrand;Warnan, Julien;Leung, Jane J.;Wakerley, David W.;Reisner, Erwin. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2016.Safety of ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) This article mentions the following:

A freestanding H₂-evolution electrode consisting of a copolymer-embedded cobaloxime integrated into a multiwall C nanotube matrix by π-π interactions is reported. This electrode is straightforward to assemble and displays high activity towards H evolution in near-neutral pH solution under inert and aerobic conditions, with a Co-based turnover number (TON_Co) of up to 420. An analogous electrode with a monomeric cobaloxime showed less activity with a TON_Co of only 80. Probably in addition to the high surface area of the porous network of the buckypaper, the polymeric scaffold provides a stabilizing environment to the catalyst, leading to further enhancement in catalytic performance. The authors have therefore established that the use of a multifunctional copolymeric architecture is a viable strategy to enhance the performance of mol. electrocatalysts. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1Safety of ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate)).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Safety of ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate)

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis and efficacy of norfloxacin loaded onto magnetic hydrogel nanocomposites was written by Salahuddin, Nehal;Rehab, Ahmed;Emad, Sahar. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2021.COA of Formula: C16H26O7 This article mentions the following:

A targeted drug delivery system based on biocompatible magnetic hydrogel nanocomposites consisting of poly[oligo(oxyethylene methacrylate)] anchored Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles was synthesized. The characteristics, thermal properties, morphol. and magnetic properties were studied by XRD, FT-IR, TGA, SEM, TEM and VSM. A norfloxacin (NOR) anti-bacterial agent with a potential antitumor activity was immobilized into hydrogels, Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and their magnetic hydrogel nanocomposites. The in vitro drug release manner of NOR was explored at different temperatures and pH values. The behavior of the drug release has been studied via different kinetic models. The antibacterial efficacy was tested against Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Kelebsella pneumonia and Escherichia coli via well diffusion method, and showed significant activity compared to the unloaded drug. Furthermore, an antitumor efficacy against HCT-116, HepG-2, PC3 and MCF-7 cancer cells revealed the highest cytotoxic efficacy with no influence on healthy cells. These nanodrugs, retaining both antibacterial and anticancer efficacy, have a talented therapeutic potential because of their selective cytotoxicity, connected with the ability to minimize the risk of bacterial infection in a cancer patient who is frequently immunocompromised. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1COA of Formula: C16H26O7).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.COA of Formula: C16H26O7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

The selective estrogen receptor modulator raloxifene mitigates the effect of all-trans-retinal toxicity in photoreceptor degeneration was written by Getter, Tamar;Suh, Susie;Hoang, Thanh;Handa, James T.;Dong, Zhiqian;Ma, Xiuli;Chen, Yuanyuan;Blackshaw, Seth;Palczewski, Krzysztof. And the article was included in Journal of Biological Chemistry in 2019.SDS of cas: 128607-22-7 This article mentions the following:

The retinoid cycle is a metabolic process in the vertebrate retina that continuously regenerates 11-cis-retinal (11-cisRAL) from the all-trans-retinal (atRAL) isomer. AtRAL accumulation can cause photoreceptor degeneration and irreversible visual dysfunction associated with incurable blinding retinal diseases such as stargardt disease, retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and atrophic age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The underlying cellular mechanisms leading to retinal degeneration remain uncertain, although previous studies have shown that atRAL promotes calcium influx associated with cell apoptosis. To identify compounds that mitigate the effects of atRAL toxicity, here we developed an unbiased and robust image-based assay that can detect changes in intracellular calcium levels in U2OS cells. Using our assay in a high-throughput screen of 2400 compounds, we noted that selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) potentpotently stabilize intracellular calcium and thereby counteract atRAL-induced toxicity. In a light-induced retinal degeneration mouse model (Abca4^–/^–Rdh8^–/^–), raloxifene (a benzothiophene-type scaffold SERM) prevented the onset of photoreceptor apoptosis and thus protected the retina from degeneration. The minor structural differences between raloxifene and one of its derivatives (Y 134) had a major impact on calcium homeostasis after atRAL exposure in vitro, and we verified this differential impact in vivo. In summary, the SERM raloxifene has structural and functional neuroprotective effects in the retina. We propose that the highly sensitive image-based assay developed here could be applied for the discovery of addnl. drug candidates preventing photoreceptor degeneration. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7SDS of cas: 128607-22-7).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.SDS of cas: 128607-22-7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Hydrogel of poly (SSNa-cross-TeEGDMA): preparation, characterization, and swelling behavior was written by Masika, Bradai;Houari, Sebti;Seghier, Ould Kada;Zohra, Sebba Fatima. And the article was included in Pharma Chemica in 2016.SDS of cas: 109-17-1 This article mentions the following:

Series of novel hydrogels based on sodium styrene sulfonate(SSNa) and tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TeEGDMA) copolymers, were prepared by free radical crosslinking copolymerization and were characterized using Spectra of Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).The swelling properties of these hydrogels were achieved in distilled water at different pH at 25°C, the results showed that the swelling ratio are proportional to the sodium styrene sulfonate(SSNa) percent molar composition of 40, 50 and 80 incorporated in each hydrogel, The values swelling ratio of the basic medium are higher than those observed in acidic and neutral medium. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1SDS of cas: 109-17-1).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.SDS of cas: 109-17-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In Vitro Culture of Late Stage Pig Embryos in a Chemically Defined Medium, Porcine Blastocyst Medium (PBM) was written by Mito, Tomomi;Hoshi, Hiroyoshi. And the article was included in Methods in Molecular Biology (New York, NY, United States) in 2019.Application of 5743-47-5 This article mentions the following:

In vitro production (IVP) of porcine preimplantation embryos is an important technique not only for basic and biomedical research purposes but also for animal biotechnol. application such as transgenesis, cloning, and embryo transfer. In this chapter, we demonstrate a superior IVP procedure of porcine embryos derived from cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) of slaughtered pig ovaries which are cultured sequentially in different defined media. Porcine blastocyst medium (PBM) particularly designed for the late stage embryo culture could improve the potential of morulae or blastocysts to develop into hatching and hatched blastocysts with good quality. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5Application of 5743-47-5).

Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Application of 5743-47-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Highly Sensitive Assay for Acetylcholinesterase Activity and Inhibition Based on a Specifically Reactive Photonic Nanostructure was written by Tian, Tian;Li, Xuesong;Cui, Jiecheng;Li, Jian;Lan, Yue;Wang, Chen;Zhang, Meng;Wang, Hui;Li, Guangtao. And the article was included in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces in 2014.HPLC of Formula: 109-17-1 This article mentions the following:

Assays for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with high sensitivity and high selectivity as well as facile manipulation have been urgently required in various fields. A reaction-based photonic strategy was developed for the efficient assay of AChE activity and inhibition based on the synergetic combination of the specific thiol-maleimide addition reaction with photonic porous structure. Various applications including detection of AChE activity, measurement of the related enzymic kinetics, and screening of inhibitors could be efficiently implemented using such strategy. Remarkably, the unique photonic nanostructure endows the constructed sensing platform with high sensitivity with a limit of detection (LOD) of 5 mU/mL for AChE activity, high selectivity, and self-reporting signaling. Moreover, the label-free solid film-based sensing approach described here has advantages of facile manipulation and bare-eye readout, compared with conventional liquid-phase methods, exhibiting promising potential in practical application for the AChE assay. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1HPLC of Formula: 109-17-1).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.HPLC of Formula: 109-17-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts