Tag: 100-200

Fragmentation of Fiber-like Micelles with a π-Conjugated Crystalline Oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) Core and a Photocleavable Corona in Water: A Matter of Density of Corona-Forming Chains was written by Ma, Chen;Tao, Daliao;Cui, Yinan;Huang, Xiaoyu;Lu, Guolin;Feng, Chun. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2020.Electric Literature of C7H7NO4 This article mentions the following:

Although fiber-like micelles with a crystalline core prepared by living crystallization-driven self-assembly show promising applications in biomedicine, undesirable fragmentation of fiber-like micelles in water usually occurs, which is a frustrating hindrance toward the exploration of their applications. To deepen our understanding on the fragmentation of fiber-like micelles with a crystalline core, we herein developed a strategy to prepare uniform fiber-like micelles with tunable densities of corona-forming chains and systematically examined the influence of the d. of corona-forming chains on the resistance toward micellar fragmentation in water. A block copolymer consisting of a crystalline oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) (OPV₅) segment, a hydrophilic poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM₄₀) block, and a photocleavable o-nitrobenzyl (ONB) junction (OPV₅-ONB-b-PNIPAM₄₀, the subscripts represent the (mean) number of repeat unit of each block) was first synthesized. Subsequently, uniform fiber-like micelles with an L_n of 396 nm composed of an OPV core and PNIPAM corona chains were prepared by the self-seeding approach. By taking advantage of photocleavable ONB junctions and varying UV irradiation time, uniform fiber-like micelles with different densities of PNIPAM chains tethered on the surface of micelles were obtained in ethanol. By employing these fiber-like micelles as a model, the influence of d. of PNIPAM chains on the resistance toward fragmentation of micelles in water was investigated. The results showed that pristine micelles without removal of corona chains significantly fragmented with the decrease of length from about 396 to 134 nm in water, whereas micellar fragmentation could be effectively retarded by decreasing the grafting d. of the PNIPAM corona-forming block. For the micelles with the removal of about 73% of PNIPAM chains, almost no micellar fragmentation was observed after aging in water for 15 days. By taking advantage of the structural similarities existing between bottom-brush polymers and fiber-like micelles with a crystalline core, we proposed that as the d. of PNIPAM chains decreased, more space would be provided for remaining PNIPAM chains to adjust their conformation. Consequently, the tension on the OPV core induced by the stress of corona layers of PNIPAM chains decreased. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9Electric Literature of C7H7NO4).

3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Electric Literature of C7H7NO4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Iron-catalyzed asymmetric hydrosilylation of ketones was written by Zuo, Ziqing;Zhang, Lei;Leng, Xuebing;Huang, Zheng. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2015.Recommanded Product: 120121-01-9 This article mentions the following:

A series of iron complexes of chiral iminopyridine-oxazoline (IPO) ligands were synthesized. The most sterically hindered iron catalyst exhibits excellent activity (up to 99% yield) and high enantioselectivity (up to 93% ee) in asym. hydrosilylation of aryl ketones. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9Recommanded Product: 120121-01-9).

(R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Recommanded Product: 120121-01-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Catalytic hydrosilylation of carbonyl compounds by hydrido thiophenolato iron(II) complexes was written by Xue, Benjing;Sun, Hongjian;Niu, Qingfen;Li, Xiaoyan;Fuhr, Olaf;Fenske, Dieter. And the article was included in Catalysis Communications in 2017.Computed Properties of C7H6Cl2O This article mentions the following:

The hydrosilylation of aldehydes RCHO (R = C₆H₅, 4-ClC₆H₅, furan-2-yl, etc.) and ketones R¹C(O)R² (R¹ = C₆H₅, R² = CH₃; R¹ = naphthalen-2-yl, R² = CH₃; R¹R² = -(CH₂)₅-) under mild conditions with hydrido thiophenolato iron(II) complexes I (R³ = H, 2-Si(CH₃)₃, 3-OCH₃, 4-CH₃) as catalysts and (EtO)₃SiH as an efficient reducing agent in the yields up to 95% has been reported. Among them complex I (R³ = H) is the best catalyst. Complex I (R³ = H) could also be used as catalyst to reduce the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, e.g., 3-phenylprop-2-ynal selectively to the α,β-unsaturated alcs., e.g., 3-phenylprop-2-yn-1-ol in high yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8Computed Properties of C7H6Cl2O).

(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Computed Properties of C7H6Cl2O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Evaluation of aroma characteristics in grass carp mince as affected by different washing processes using an E-nose, HS-SPME-GC-MS, HS-GC-IMS, and sensory analysis was written by Xiao, Naiyong;Xu, Huiya;Jiang, Xin;Sun, Tongtong;Luo, Yixuan;Shi, Wenzheng. And the article was included in Food Research International in 2022.Recommanded Product: Oct-1-en-3-ol This article mentions the following:

The aroma characteristics of grass carp mince washed in four processes were analyzed via electronic nose (E-nose), headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS), headspace gas chromatog.-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS), and sensory anal. techniques. Significant differences were revealed in the E-nose and sensory anal. results of the aroma characteristics of grass carp mince samples washed via different washing processes, while fifty-seven volatile compounds (thirteen aldehydes, eighteen alcs., two ketones, eighteen hydrocarbons, two aromatic compounds, one furan, and two other compounds) and twenty volatile compounds (five aldehydes, four ketones, six alcs., four esters, and one acid) were identified via HS-SPME-GC-MS and HS-GC-IMS of the Raw and washed grass carp mince samples, resp. All these techniques revealed that the types and relative contents of volatile compounds in the grass carp mince decreased significantly and differently after each of the four washing processes. Moreover, compared with the water and saline solution washing processes, washing with weak alk. solution processes exhibited the most significant removal effect on the volatile compounds of grass carp mince. Besides, the sensory anal. results also showed that weak alk. solution washing processes (washing twice with pure water and once with 0.3% sodium bicarbonate solution) may be most effective in removing fishy off-odor compounds and contributing to a better overall aroma profile in grass carp mince. The findings of this study may provide some basic knowledge for the rational screening of washing methods in the production of high-quality grass carp surimi. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4Recommanded Product: Oct-1-en-3-ol).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Recommanded Product: Oct-1-en-3-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Stable Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based on Copper(II/I) Redox Mediators Bearing a Pentadentate Ligand was written by Rui, Hailong;Shen, Junyu;Yu, Ze;Li, Lihua;Han, Hongxian;Sun, Licheng. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 1122-71-0 This article mentions the following:

In recent years, copper redox mediators have attracted growing interest in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). However, experiments revealed that ubiquitously used Lewis-base additives in the electrolytes coordinate to the CuII species, which restricts further enhancement of device performance and stability. We report the application of copper complexes endowed with diamine-tripyridine pentadentate ligands, [Cu(tpe)]^2+/+ (tpe=N-benzyl-N,N,N-tris(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)ethylenediamine) and [Cu(tme)]^2+/+ (tme=N-benzyl-N,N,N-tris(6-methylpyridin-2-ylmethyl)ethylenediamine), as redox mediators in DSCs. Exptl. measurements demonstrate that the coordination environment of Cu(II) complexes with pentadentate ligands remains unchanged in the presence of TBP, which is in stark contrast to the state-of-the-art bipyridyl counterpart. DSCs based on [Cu(tme)]^2+/+ complexes exhibit an excellent long-term stability and maintain more than 90 % of the initial efficiency after 400 h under continuous illumination, which outperform the reference devices incorporating the bipyridyl counterpart (less than 80 %) under identical conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0HPLC of Formula: 1122-71-0).

6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.HPLC of Formula: 1122-71-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Bromine Substitution of Organic Modifiers Fixed on a Titanium(IV) Oxide Photocatalyst: A New Strategy Accelerating Visible Light-Induced Hydrogen-Free Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol was written by Yamamoto, Yuhei;Toda, Hibiki;Tanaka, Atsuhiro;Kominami, Hiroshi. And the article was included in ChemCatChem in 2022.Formula: C7H7ClO This article mentions the following:

Titanium(IV) oxide (TiO₂) modified with 2,3-naphthalenediol (NDO) works as a photocatalyst for some reactions under irradiation of visible light. We prepared and characterized nine kinds of organically modified TiO₂ (OM/TiO₂) and used OM/TiO₂ for chemoselective hydrogenation of furfural (FAL) to furfuryl alc. (FOL) under irradiation of visible light without the use of hydrogen gas. All OM/TiO₂ prepared in this study produced FOL and a linear relation between the reaction rate and amount of FAL adsorbed on the OM/TiO₂ was observed Among them, OM/TiO₂ having bromine (Br)-substituted NDO exhibited larger reaction rates and the rate increased with an increase in the number of Br groups. In the case of the most active 1,4,6-tribromo-2,3-naphthalenediol-modified TiO₂ (TB-NDO/TiO₂), the reaction rate was not dependent on the amount of TB-NDO and the photoabsorption of TB-NDO/TiO₂ but was dependent on the amount of FAL adsorbed on TB-NDO/TiO₂. These results revealed that substitution of hydrogen atoms of organic modifiers with Br is a simple but effective method for increasing the photocatalytic activity. The explored TB-NDO/TiO₂ also showed high performance in H₂-free chemoselective reduction of benzaldehydes having reducible groups to corresponding benzyl alcs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7Formula: C7H7ClO).

(4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Formula: C7H7ClO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Biochemical characterization of apple slices dried using low temperature and stored in modified atmosphere packaging was written by Cozzolino, Rosaria;Palumbo, Michela;Cefola, Maria;Capotorto, Imperatrice;Linsalata, Vito;Forte, Giovanna;Petriccione, Milena;De Giulio, Beatrice;Pace, Bernardo. And the article was included in Journal of Food Composition and Analysis in 2022.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Apple slices (Pinova cv) dried at mild temperature (40°C), compared to 65°C dried slices, are enriched (up to about 50%) in polyphenols (e.g., catechin, epicatechin, quercetin 3-glucoside, quercetin derivatives). Chem. (dipping solutions) and phys. (packaging) treatments are key in controlling the enzymic browning of dried apple slices and maintain their nutritional content. In the present study we investigated the effects of dipping and packaging on the physicochem. properties of dried apple slices. Specifically, apple slices dried at 40°C were comparatively dipped in 1% calcium citrate (CC) or 1% citric acid (CA) and stored in active modified atm. (a-MA) or in passive (p-MA) for 100 days. A mild drying approach combined with dipping in CC and a-MA preservation, produced high quality dried apple slices, both in terms of sensory characteristics and color retention. Remarkably, upon this treatment, fruits exhibited an enhanced volatile profile that correlated with fresh and fruity apple notes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Concise synthesis of JN403, a novel nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α7 selective agonist was written by Jiang, Xinglong;Prasad, Kapa;Repic, Oljan. And the article was included in Synthetic Communications in 2009.Recommanded Product: 171032-87-4 This article mentions the following:

A three-step method for the synthesis of JN403 HCl salt (I) was developed, starting from alc. 3 and resulting in an overall yield of 50%. A key feature of the present study is the need to use a strong base such as n-butyllithium for neutralizing the HCl salt of II during its condensation with III. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4Recommanded Product: 171032-87-4).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Recommanded Product: 171032-87-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Mechanochemical, Water-Assisted Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones Using Ruthenium Catalyst was written by Kolcsar, Vanessza Judit;Szollosi, Gyorgy. And the article was included in ChemCatChem in 2022.Application In Synthesis of (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol This article mentions the following:

The aim of this study was to develop a green system for the asym. transfer hydrogenation of ketones RC(O)R¹ (R = Ph, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl, phenylethyl, etc.; R¹ = Me) applying chiral Ru catalyst I in aqueous media and mechanochem. energy transmission. Using a ball mill, the milling parameters were optimized in the transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone followed by reduction of various substituted derivatives The scope of the method was extended to carbo- II (R² = H, 5-OMe, 7-Br, 6-CF₃, etc.; n = 1, 2, 3) and heterocyclic ketones III (R³ = H, 6-Cl, 8-Br; X = O, S, NH, N-BOC). The scale-up of the developed system was successful, and the optically enriched alcs. (R)-RC(OH)R¹, IV, V could be obtained in high yields. The developed mechanochem. system provides TOFs up to 168 h^-1. The present study is the first in which mechanochem. activated enantioselective transfer hydrogenations were carried out, thus, may be a useful guide for the practical synthesis of optically pure chiral secondary alcs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9Application In Synthesis of (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol).

(R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Application In Synthesis of (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

para-Selective C-H Borylation of Aromatic Quaternary Ammonium and Phosphonium Salts was written by Lu, Shuo;Zheng, Tianyu;Ma, Jiawei;Deng, Zhangming;Qin, Shengmeng;Chen, Yu;Liang, Yong. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2022.Name: 2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol This article mentions the following:

Aromatic ammonium and phosphonium salts are important synthetic intermediates and multifunctional materials, but para-selective functionalization of the aromatic salts remains a challenge. Here authors developed ionic ligand based newly designed “biphenyl-phenanthroline” skeleton and realize the Ir-catalyzed para-selective C-H borylation of seven types of aromatic quaternary ammonium and phosphonium salts. Gram-scale transformation, late-stage elaboration for drug mol., and diversification of borylated products demonstrate the potential utility of this reaction. The mechanistic studies and computational anal. elucidate the origin of para-selectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol (cas: 94022-96-5Name: 2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol).

2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol (cas: 94022-96-5) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Name: 2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts