Tag: 0-100

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of cinnamaldehyde Microemulsion-Mucus interaction was written by Dong, Baoqi;Chen, Jingbao;Cai, Ye;Wu, Wenqing;Chu, Xiaoqin. And the article was included in Journal of Food Biochemistry in 2022.Product Details of 57-55-6 This article mentions the following:

The current investigation explores the possible mechanism of the microemulsion drug delivery system to improve the oral bioavailability of cinnamaldehyde (CA), an important food spice, from the perspective of the microemulsion-mucus system. The cinnamaldehyde microemulsion (CA-ME) was prepared by the water titration method combined with the pseudo-ternary phase diagram. The dynamic anal. was applied to detect the drug release in vitro. An intestinal mucosal injury test was conducted to evaluate the safety of CA-ME and drug absorption across the intestinal tract of rats was investigated through an Ussing chamber system. The rheol. of blank mucus and drug-loaded mucus was investigated using a rheometer. The bioavailability of CA-ME in rats was evaluated through pharmacokinetic characteristics. The ratio of optimal prescription was Tween 80: 1,2-propanediol: vitamin E oil: CA: water = 24.3:4.8:5:7.5:58.4. The droplets were uniform in size and evenly dispersed. Rheol. studies showed that the microemulsion-mucus system all exhibit pseudoplastic fluid behavior, and CA-ME increased the viscosity of the mucus to a certain extent. Compared with CA solution, CA-ME promoted the absorption of CA in various intestinal segments, especially the ileum. Pharmacokinetic experiments showed that the relative bioavailability of CA-ME was enhanced 2.5-fold higher than that of CA solution ME as a carrier for lipophobic substances, may increase the viscosity of the intestine mucus system to obtain longer residue time and better absorption. In this study, in vitro absorption Ussing model was combined with rheol. and pharmacokinetic anal. to systematically analyze the intestinal mucus mechanism of microemulsion to improve the oral bioavailability of cinnamic aldehyde. It laid the foundation for exploring the absorption and transport of drugs in the intestinal mucus barrier. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Product Details of 57-55-6).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Product Details of 57-55-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Impact of parylene coating on heating performance of intravenous fluid warmer: a bench study was written by Bayoro, Danielle K.;Groepenhoff, Herman;Hoolihan, Daniel;Rose, Edward A.;Pedro, Michael J.;Waldmann, Andreas D.. And the article was included in BMC Anesthesiology in 2022.Computed Properties of C3H8O2 This article mentions the following:

Abstract: Background: Perioperative hypothermia is a common occurrence, particularly with the elderly and pediatric age groups. Hypothermia is associated with an increased risk of perioperative complications. One method of preventing hypothermia is warming the infused fluids given during surgery. The enFlow i.v. fluid warmer has recently been reintroduced with a parylene coating on its heating blocks. In this paper, we evaluated the impact of the parylene coating on the new enFlows fluid warming capacity. Methods: Six coated and six uncoated enFlow cartridges were used. A solution of 10propylene glycol and 90distd. H₂O was infused into each heating cartridge at flow rates of 2, 10, 50, 150, and 200 mL/min. The infused fluid temperature was set at 4掳C, 20掳C, and 37掳C. Output temperature was recorded at each level. Data for anal. was derived from 18 runs at each flow rate (six cartridges at three temperatures). Results: The parylene coated fluid warming cartridge delivered very stable output of 40掳C temperatures at flow rates of 2, 10, and 50 mL/min regardless of the temperature of the infusate. At higher flow rates, the cartridges were not able to achieve the target temperature with the colder fluid. Both cartridges performed with similar efficacy across all flow rates at all temperatures Conclusions: At low flow rates, the parylene coated enFlow cartridges was comparable to the original uncoated cartridges. At higher flow rates, the coated and uncoated cartridges were not able to achieve the target temperature The parylene coating on the aluminum heating blocks of the new enFlow i.v. fluid warmer does not neg. affect its performance compared to the uncoated model. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Computed Properties of C3H8O2).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Computed Properties of C3H8O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Unusual clinical presentation of allergic contact dermatitis to topical minoxidil was written by Feryel, Amri;Mouna, Korbi;Nesrine, Ben Salah;Hichem, Belhadjali;Jameleddine, Zili. And the article was included in Contact Dermatitis in 2022.Safety of 1,2-Propanediol This article mentions the following:

This article illustrates the unusual clin. presentation of allergic contact dermatitis to topical minoxidil. A 23-yr-old man, with no particular medical history, presented with erythema, itch, increased scaling of the scalp and a cervical lymphadenopathy, without any clin. sign of cutaneous infection. A complete ear, nose, throat examination excluded other cause for this cervical lymphadenopathy. The rest of phys. examination was within normal levels. He used 5% topical minoxidil solution (minoxidil 5%, propylene glycol) as a treatment for an AGA, 3 mo ago. He reported that the lesions on the scalp and the cervical lymphadenopathy first appeared some days after beginning the treatment with minoxidil and became aggravated progressively with subsequent applications. Several attempts of treatment reintroduction induced the recurrence of the same lesions on the scalp associated with cervical lymphadenopathy. ACD to minoxidil or conservatives was suspected. Patch testing was performed with minoxidil 5% solution ‘as is’ and propylene glycol. These tests were applied on the back. The readings were performed on day (D) 2 and D3 according to the ICDRG criteria and showed a pos. reaction for minoxidil 5% solution ‘as is’ (++). The patch test to propylene glycol showed no reaction. Eviction of minoxidil induced a long-lasting remission and complete resolution of the lymphadenopathy. No further episodes were noted after 3 mo of follow-up. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Safety of 1,2-Propanediol).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Safety of 1,2-Propanediol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ensiling and thermic treatment effects on nutrient content, protein solubility, and in vitro fermentation of partial crop faba beans was written by Bachmann, M.;Okon, P.;Blunk, C.;Kuhnitzsch, C.;Martens, S. D.;Steinhoefel, O.;Zeyner, A.. And the article was included in Animal Feed Science and Technology in 2022.Computed Properties of C3H8O2 This article mentions the following:

Legumes such as faba beans have a great potential to create local, independent, and high-quality protein resources for ruminant nutrition. Suitable methods for cost- and energy-effective preservation and protein stabilization against rapid fermentation in the rumen play an important role. Partial crop faba beans harvested with 500 or 708 g dry matter (DM)/kg were ensiled, toasted (160掳C, 60 min), or ensiled and toasted and it was investigated how this affects nutrient composition, protein solubility, carbohydrate fermentation, and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD). Non-protein nitrogen (NPN) concentrations increased and true protein (TP) concentrations decreased after ensiling, depending strongly on DM concentration of the plant (i.e., on maturity) – in NPN, from 15% to 35% (P < 0.001) and from 16% to 21% of crude protein (CP) (P > 0.05), and in TP, from 85% to 65% and from 83% to 79% of CP with 500 and 708 g DM/kg, resp. (P > 0.05) – whereas concentrations of soluble protein did not increase as much as expected. Toasting reduced soluble protein concentration in native faba beans from 56% to 29% and from 54% to 40% of CP with 500 and 708 g DM/kg, resp. (P < 0.001) and in ensiled faba beans from 58% to 38% and from 60% to 34% of CP with 500 and 708 g DM/kg, resp., compared to the native material (P < 0.001). Ensiling and toasting slightly affected other crude nutrient or metabolizable energy concentrations, carbohydrate fermentation, and IVOMD. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Computed Properties of C3H8O2).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Computed Properties of C3H8O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Salmonella Heidelberg side-step gene loss of respiratory requirements in chicken infection model was written by Goes, Vinicius;Monte, Daniel F. M.;Saraiva, Mauro de Mesquita Souza;Maria de Almeida, Adriana;Cabrera, Julia Memrava;Rodrigues Alves, Lucas Bocchini;Ferreira, Taisa Santiago;Lima, Tulio Spina de;Benevides, Valdinete P.;Barrow, Paul A.;Freitas Neto, Oliveiro Caetano de;Berchieri, Angelo Jr. And the article was included in Microbial Pathogenesis in 2022.SDS of cas: 57-55-6 This article mentions the following:

Among the important recent observations involving anaerobic respiration was that an electron acceptor produced as a result of an inflammatory response to Salmonella Typhimurium generates a growth advantage over the competing microbiota in the lumen. In this regard, anaerobically, salmonellae can oxidize thiosulfate (S2O2-3) converting it into tetrathionate (S4O2-6), the process by which it is encoded by ttr gene cluster (ttrSRttrBCA). Another important pathway under aerobic or anaerobic conditions is the 1,2-propanediol-utilization mediated by the pdu gene cluster that promotes Salmonella expansion during colitis. Therefore, we sought to compare in this study, whether Salmonella Heidelberg strains lacking the ttrA, ttrApduA, and ttrACBSR genes experience a disadvantage during cecal colonization in broiler chicks. In contrast to expectations, we found that the gene loss in S. Heidelberg potentially confers an increase in fitness in the chicken infection model. These data argue that S. Heidelberg may trigger an alternative pathway involving the use of an alternative electron acceptor, conferring a growth advantage for S. Heidelberg in chicks. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6SDS of cas: 57-55-6).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.SDS of cas: 57-55-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chiral Arylated Amines via C-N Coupling of Chiral Amines with Aryl Bromides Promoted by Light was written by Song, Geyang;Yang, Liu;Li, Jing-Sheng;Tang, Wei-Jun;Zhang, Wei;Cao, Rui;Wang, Chao;Xiao, Jianliang;Xue, Dong. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2021.Recommanded Product: (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

A method based on mol. Ni catalysis driven by light, which enabled stereoretentive C-N coupling of optically active amines, amino alcs. and amino acid esters with aryl bromides, with no need for any external photosensitizer was reported. The method was effective for a wide variety of coupling partners, including those bearing functional groups sensitive to bases and nucleophiles, thus providing a viable alternative to accessing synthetically important chiral N-aryl amines, amino alcs. and amino acids esters. Its viability was demonstrated by 92 examples with up to 99% ee. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Recommanded Product: (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Recommanded Product: (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Enantioselective Fluorescent Recognition in the Fluorous Phase: Enhanced Reactivity and Expanded Chiral Recognition was written by Wang, Chao;Wu, Elaine;Wu, Xuedan;Xu, Xiangchuan;Zhang, Guoqing;Pu, Lin. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2015.Safety of (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

A novel perfluoroalkyl-BINOL-based chiral diketone is the 1st highly enantioselective fluorescent sensor in the fluorous phase. One enantiomer of a chiral amino alc. or diamine at a concentration >1 mM can cause an up to 1200-2000-fold fluorescent enhancement of the sensor (0.08 mM), while the other enantiomer gives only a 10-50-fold enhancement. The fluorous-phase-based sensor is found to enhance the reactivity of the previously reported fluorous insoluble sensor with amino alcs. and expand its chiral recognition ability. Dynamic light scattering studies show the formation of aggregates of very different particle sizes when two enantiomers of a substrate interact with the sensor in perfluorohexane (FC-12). This substantial difference enables easy discrimination of the enantiomers with UV-lamps or even the naked eye. NMR, IR, and mass spectroscopic studies indicate that the fluorescent enhancement and enantioselectivity should originate from the fluorous solvent-promoted nucleophilic addition of the amino alcs. to the carbonyl groups of the sensor. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Safety of (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Safety of (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chiral separation of aliphatic primary amino alcohols as o-phthaldialdehyde/mercaptoethanol derivatives on polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases was written by Dousa, Michal. And the article was included in Chirality in 2019.Recommanded Product: 5856-63-3 This article mentions the following:

A sensitive chiral high performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC) method for the determination of aliphatic primary amino alc. isomers with o-phthaldialdehyde/mercaptoethanol precolumn derivatization has been developed and validated. Seven chiral columns were tested in a reversed phase mode. Excellent enantioseparation with the resolution more than 2.0 was achieved on Chiralcel OJ-3R. The effect of various chromatog. conditions including column temperature, acetonitrile content in the mobile phase, buffer pH, buffer concentration, and buffer type in the mobile phase on the retention and the selectivity was investigated. The final mobile phase consisted of binary mixture of 20mM ammonium formate solution with acetonitrile (75:25; volume/volume). The analyses were performed at mobile phase flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and the column temperature of 40掳C. The fluorescence detection was performed at excitation wavelength of 345 nm and emission wavelength of 450 nm. The developed method was fully validated in terms of linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, precision, intermediate precision, and selectivity according to International Council for Harmonisation of Tech. Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use guidelines using internal normalization procedure. The proposed chiral method was proved to be highly sensitive, simple, and rapid and was successfully applied to the determination of D-Valinol content in com. available samples of L-Valinol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Recommanded Product: 5856-63-3).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Recommanded Product: 5856-63-3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Specific cooperative effect for the enantiomeric separation of amino acids using aqueous two-phase systems with task-specific ionic liquids was written by Wu, Datong;Zhou, Ying;Cai, Pengfei;Shen, Shanshan;Pan, Yuanjiang. And the article was included in Journal of Chromatography A in 2015.COA of Formula: C4H11NO This article mentions the following:

Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) based on hydrophilic ionic liquid (IL) and inorganic salt solution were designed and prepared for the enantiomeric separation of racemic amino acids. Two different kinds of hydrophilic ionic liquids (I, IL-1 and II IL-2) containing functional groups were synthesized to sep. racemic amino acids. Preliminary experiments showed that D-enantiomer of amino acids cooperatively interacted with ILs, which pushed D-enantiomer to remain in the bottom IL-rich phase. By contrast, L-enantiomer was transferred into the top Na₂SO₄-rich phase. The enantioselectivity of IL-1 was better than that of IL-2 because of their different intermol. interactions. Various factors influencing separation efficiency were also systematically studied including extraction time, IL volume and temperature Also, the mechanism was studied by ¹H NMR and DFT calculations, which showed that the hydrogen bond between the carboxylate and amide groups and the resonance-assisted hydrogen bond between amino and hydroxyl groups conditioned the movement between the residues and ILs. Finally, IL-1 was validated with other general amino acids by the same procedures based on ATPS. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3COA of Formula: C4H11NO).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.COA of Formula: C4H11NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Stereoselective synthesis of functionalized 伪-amino acids isolated by filtration was written by Sivak, Ivan;Toberny, Michal;Kyselicova, Andrea;Caletkova, Ol’ga;Berkes, Dusan;Jakubec, Pavol;Kolarovic, Andrej. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2018.Reference of 5856-63-3 This article mentions the following:

Crystallization-induced diastereomer transformation (CIDT) represents a highly appealing and convenient synthetic tool. Despite its numerous advantages, it remains rather rarely used due to its uncertain predictability to occur. Herein, we describe CIDT based on aza-Michael reactions of diversely functionalized (E)-3-acylacrylic acids. This method provides direct access to a broad variety of 伪-amino acid derivatives in excellent stereochem. purities. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Reference of 5856-63-3).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R鈥昈鈭?. For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Reference of 5856-63-3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts