Tag: 0-100

Kinetic Model for the Manufacturing of 1,2-Propanediol (1,2-PDO) via Hydrogenolysis of Bio-glycerol Over Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) Derived Cu_0.45Zn_0.15Mg_5.4Al₂O₉ Catalyst in an Autoclave Reactor was written by Meena, Mohan Lal;Pandey, Dinesh Kumar;Malviya, Himanshu;Biswas, Prakash. And the article was included in Catalysis Letters in 2022.Synthetic Route of C3H8O2 This article mentions the following:

Kinetic model for the formation of 1,2-propanediol via liquid-phase glycerol hydrogenolysis was developed in presence of a layered double hydroxide (LDH) precursor derived Cu_0.45Zn_0.15Mg_5.4Al₂O₉ catalyst. A new reaction pathway of glycerol hydrogenolysis is proposed. The exptl. concentrations of feed and products were fitted in the Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson (LHHW) model. The model equations were solved by ode23s in MATLAB. The kinetic variables were estimated by minimizing the residual sum of squares between the exptl. and model-predicted concentrations of feed and products. Results suggested that the LHHW model satisfactorily correlated with the exptl. data. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Synthetic Route of C3H8O2).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Synthetic Route of C3H8O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Conversion of S-2-amino-1-butanol-L-tartrate to S-2-amino-1-butanol by Using Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis for Post-treatment of Direct Enantioseparation was written by Lv, Yayue;Tang, Cong;Liao, Junbin;Wu, Sifan;Yao, Lu;Ruan, Huimin;Sotto, Arcadio;Shen, Jiangnan. And the article was included in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 5856-63-3 This article mentions the following:

In this work, a green route for the preparation of S-2-amino-1-butanol in process of post-treatment for direct enantioseparation for antituberculosis drug ethambutol hydrochloride has been explored. Therein, OH^– produced from bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED) technol. was used to in situ converse diastereomeric salt S-2-amino-1-butanol-L-tartrate to S-2-amino-1-butanol, rather than directly adding the chem. reagent of NaOH or Na₂CO₃ in a traditional way. To realize the process, lab-scale BMEDs with two membrane stack configurations were fabricated, followed by investigating the effect of ion exchange membrane types, initial feed concentrations and voltages etc. As a result, under an optimized condition, the concentration of as-obtained S-2-amino-1-butanol (the final purity of the product: ca. 98.2%) can achieve to 1.04 mol·L^-1, and the conversion rate is 92.28%. The cost is estimated at approx. $ 2.22 kg^-1. Accordingly, the current efficiency and energy consumption are 54.05% and 1.88 kWh·kg^-1, resp. The investigation has verify the feasibility of BMED for the conversion of S-2-amino-1-butanol-L-tartrate to S-2-aminobutanol and also demonstrates the potential application in the field of chiral compound separation In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3HPLC of Formula: 5856-63-3).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.HPLC of Formula: 5856-63-3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Facile Fabrication of a Multifunctional Metal-Organic Framework-based Sensor Exhibiting Exclusive Solvochromic Behaviors toward Ketone Molecules was written by Li, Bao;Chen, Xi;Hu, Peng;Kirchon, Angelo;Zhao, Yu-Meng;Pang, Jiandong;Zhang, Tianle;Zhou, Hong-Cai. And the article was included in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces in 2019.Formula: C4H11NO This article mentions the following:

To probe the efficient strategy for preparing a multifunctional sensing material, the facile synthesis strategies and successful examples are urgently required. Through the use of a hexadentate ligand derived from cyclotriphosphazene, which displays spiral configurations and multiple connection modes, a novel metal-organic framework (MOF) was constructed via 1-step synthesis from low-cost raw materials. The presence of multiple interaction sites decorating the helical channels of the reported MOF gives rise to exclusive solvochromic-sensing behavior for small ketone mols. such as acetone, acetophenone, and 2,5-diketohexane. Addnl., the helical structure of a Mn-carboxylate chain allows for the pore volume not only be available for the adsorption of large organic mols. but also enables the enantiopure selective separation of 1-phenylethanol (ee 35.99%). Also, the structural anal. of the acetophenone-encapsulated sample allowed the solvochromic mechanism to be elucidated, which should be ascribed to the strong H-bonding interaction between the guest mols. and specific sites on a host matrix. The exptl. results have not only clearly manifested the vital role of starting materials of MOFs, including the connection modes and spatial configuration, but also provided very valuable insight for the future assembly of novel multifunctional sensing materials. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Formula: C4H11NO).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Formula: C4H11NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Fluorescence recognition of chiral amino alcohols by using a novel ionic liquid sensor was written by Cai, Pengfei;Wu, Datong;Zhao, Xiaoyong;Pan, Yuanjiang. And the article was included in Analyst (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2017.Synthetic Route of C4H11NO This article mentions the following:

A novel task-specific ionic liquid derived from L-phenylalaninol was prepared as an enantioselective fluorescent sensor for the 1st time. Fluorescent chiral ionic liquid I (FCIL1) is found to exhibit highly enantioselective fluorescence enhancements toward both aromatic and nonaromatic chiral amino alcs. When (S)-FCIL1 was treated with the enantiomers of phenylalaninol, a great fluorescence enhancement at 349 nm could be observed and the value of the enantiomeric fluorescence difference (ef) is 5.92. The chiral sensor (S)-FCIL1 exhibited an excellent enantioselective response behavior to D-phenylalaninol. Besides that, both the fluorescence intensity at 349 nm (I₃₄₉) and the ratio of I₃₄₉ to I₂₈₂ depend linearly on the concentration of amino alcs. Both the concentration and the enantiomeric composition could be determined by using the chiral ionic liquid Differently, the sensor treated with the enantiomers of 2-amino-1-butanol showed an opposite result: the fluorescence intensity of the S-enantiomer is higher than that of the R-enantiomer. Also, the size of the substituents on the chiral carbon might be important for the enantioselective fluorescent response. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Synthetic Route of C4H11NO).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Synthetic Route of C4H11NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of proline analogues as potent and selective cathepsin S inhibitors was written by Kim, Mira;Jeon, Jiyoung;Song, Jiyeon;Suh, Kwee Hyun;Kim, Young Hoon;Min, Kyung Hoon;Lee, Kwang-Ok. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2013.Name: (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

Cathepsin S is a potential target of autoimmune disease. A series of proline-derived compounds were synthesized and evaluated as cathepsin S inhibitors. We discovered potent cathepsin S inhibitors through structure-activity relationship studies of proline analogs. In particular, compound 19-(S) showed promising in vitro/vivo pharmacol. activities and properties as a selective cathepsin S inhibitor. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Name: (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Name: (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Deactivation Mechanism of an Ionic Liquid Catalyst in Transesterification to Dimethyl Carbonate was written by Ma, Junteng;Shen, Weihua;Wei, Wenxuan;Fang, Yunjin. And the article was included in Chemical Engineering & Technology in 2022.Synthetic Route of C3H8O2 This article mentions the following:

The catalytic activity of an ionic liquid catalyst decreased during the transesterification of propylene carbonate (PC) with methanol to di-Me carbonate (DMC). The interaction between the strong basic sites of ionic liquid catalyst and carbonyl compounds of PC and/or DMC was considered to attribute to this deactivation. The presence of H₂O accelerated this process by the formation of OH^–. The strong basic ionic liquid reacted with the trace amount of H₂O in the reaction system to generate OH^–, which then reacted with the carbonyl structure in PC and/or DMC to form the inactive compound HCO₃^–, resulting in the deactivation of the ionic liquid catalyst. A plausible mechanism was proposed for the deactivation of the ionic liquid catalyst in this reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Synthetic Route of C3H8O2).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Synthetic Route of C3H8O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Design of Selenium-Based Chiral Chemical Probes for Simultaneous Enantio- and Chemosensing of Chiral Carboxylic Acids with Remote Stereogenic Centers by NMR Spectroscopy was written by Shyshkanov, Sergey A.;Orlov, Nikolai V.. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2016.Computed Properties of C4H11NO This article mentions the following:

Selenium-based enantiopure chiral chem. probes have been designed in a modular way starting from available amino alcs. The probes developed were found to be efficient in chemoselective interaction with carboxylic functions of chiral substrates leading to diastereomeric amide formation and in sensing α-, β-, and remote (up to seven bonds away from the carboxylic group) chiral centers by using ⁷⁷Se NMR spectroscopy. As a result, it was possible to determine the enantiomeric ratio of structurally diverse individual chiral acids including polyfunctional compounds and drugs with high accuracy. An approach to analyzing the crude reaction mixtures has been successfully developed by using bifunctional selenium- and fluorine-containing chiral probes. More importantly, it was revealed that, based on the ⁷⁷Se NMR data obtained, it is possible to obtain primary information about the location and nature of the substituents at the chiral center (chemo- and enantiosensing), which can simplify the structural elucidation of complex compounds The derivatization procedure takes as little as 5 min and can be performed directly in an NMR tube followed by NMR measurements without any isolation and purification steps. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Computed Properties of C4H11NO).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Computed Properties of C4H11NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Preliminary study on the effect of using heat-not-burn tobacco products on indoor air quality was written by Yu, Seong-Ji;Kwon, Min-Ku;Choi, Wonsik;Son, Youn-Suk. And the article was included in Environmental Research in 2022.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

In this study, the effect of the use of heat-not-burn (HnB) products on indoor air quality (IAQ) was evaluated. To do this, the concentrations of nicotine, propylene glycol (PG), and vegetable glycerin (VG) directly emitted when using HnB products were analyzed and compared to those from conventional cigarettes. Furthermore, the levels of VOCs, aldehydes, nanoparticle, and particulate matter (PM) detected when subjects used HnB products in the exposure chamber were evaluated the effect on IAQ. As a result, the range of nicotine levels transferred by HnB products (0.8-1.2 mg cigarette^-1) is lower than that by conventional cigarettes (2.4-3.6 mg cigarette^-1). On the other hand, the range of VG levels emitted from HnB products (3.1-5.9 mg cigarette^-1) were higher than that emitted from conventional cigarettes (0.6-3.0 mg cigarette^-1). In addition, although the amount generated from HnB products was small compared to those from conventional cigarettes, various kinds of VOCs, aldehydes, nanoparticle and PM were produced, and these were confirmed to affect IAQ. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System Enhances Tissue Distribution of Cinnamaldehyde by Altering the Properties of the Mucus Layer was written by Liu, Liu;Cao, Wenxuan;Xia, Mengqiu;Tian, Chunling;Wu, Wenqing;Cai, Ye;Chu, Xiaoqin. And the article was included in AAPS PharmSciTech in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 57-55-6 This article mentions the following:

Oral delivery is considered the preferred route of administration due to its convenience and favorable compliance. However, this delivery often faces difficulties, such as poor solubility, limited absorption, and undesirable stability, especially for some volatile oils. The aim of this study was to develop self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) containing cinnamaldehyde (CA) to overcome these shortcomings. The CA-SEDDS were spherical and smooth with an average size of 14.96 ± 0.18 nm. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and attenuated total reflection by Fourier transform IR (ATR-FTIR) showed that CA has been successfully loaded into SEDDS. The accumulative release of CA-SEDDS (73.39%) was approx. 2.14-fold that of free CA when using simulated intestinal fluid as the release medium. A scanning electron microscope was used to observe the mucus network structure. Rheol. tests found that CA-SEDDS can appropriately enhance the viscosity of the mucus system. We found from tissue distribution studies that CA was more widely distributed in various tissues in the CA-SEDDS group compared to the free CA group. The cinnamaldehyde and cinnamon acid also accumulated more in various tissues in the CA-SEDDS group than in the free CA group, especially in the kidney. These findings hinted that SEDDS exhibited lower irritation, good release, and penetration, which demonstrated great potential for utilizing CA. Our research supports the rational implications of SEDDS in delivering similar volatile substances by improving the solubility, mucus penetration, and stability, resulting in excellent clin. efficacy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6HPLC of Formula: 57-55-6).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.HPLC of Formula: 57-55-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Catalyst-free Synthesis of 6-Hydroxy Indoles via the Condensation of Carboxymethyl Cyclohexadienones and Amines was written by Reddy, Reddy Rajasekhar;Adlak, Komalkant;Ghorai, Prasanta. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2017.Related Products of 5856-63-3 This article mentions the following:

An efficient catalyst-free synthesis of 6-hydroxy indoles, e.g., I, from carboxymethyl cyclohexadienones and primary amines has been developed. The aza-Michael addition of the in situ formed enamine, generated through the condensation of carboxymethyl unit of the substrates with an external amine, to cyclohexadienone moiety followed by rearomatization reaction to provide such indoles. Anilines, aliphatic amines, α-chiral aliphatic amines, or even ammonia were used as amine counterpart. Some of the cyclohexadienones gave 6-amino indoles instead of 6-hydroxy indoles using the Re₂O₇ catalyst. Various post methodol. transformations were performed to explore the synthetic utility of the synthesized hydroxy indoles. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Related Products of 5856-63-3).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Related Products of 5856-63-3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts