Tag: 0-100

Rational analysis of dispersion and solubility of Kraft lignin in polyols for polyurethanes was written by Haridevan, Hima;Evans, David A. C.;Martin, Darren J.;Annamalai, Pratheep K.. And the article was included in Industrial Crops and Products in 2022.Recommanded Product: 57-55-6 This article mentions the following:

The incorporation of Kraft lignin (KL) in polyurethanes has received much academic and industrial attention due to its potential for sustainably improving broader property profiles. However, the consistency in phys. properties improvement is still challenging. The missing link in this field is the compatibility of KL with polyols and the major unanswered question is ‘how does lignin choose to disperse in polyols. This study reports the solubility of KL dispersed in ethylene oxide (EO) diols, propylene oxide (PO) diols, com. polyols containing EO or PO and a standard crosslinker (glycerol) at room temperature, and rationally evaluates compatible polyol/lignin systems based on microscopic, gravimetric, and rheol. analyses for potential application in polyurethanes. The degree of dispersion of KL in polyols was observed to vary from low to high with polydispersity in particle size depending on the chem. structure (functionality, solubility parameter, polarity) and mol. weight of polyols. While low mol. weight diols have shown high solubility of KL, the EO-based polyols have shown relatively better compatibility with KL than the PO-based polyols and glycerol. By exploring the various degrees of dispersion of KL in polyols, this study suggests that the polyurethane materials could be engineered with KL through judicious selection of compatible polyol based on structure, solubility parameter, and mol. weight In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Recommanded Product: 57-55-6).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Recommanded Product: 57-55-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ternary Liquid-Phase Equilibria of an Azeotropic Mixture (Heptane + Isopropyl Alcohol) with Deep Eutectic Solvents was written by Ghanadzadeh-Gilani, Ali;Sardroodi, Jaber Jahanbin;Mohammadi-Khanghah, Behnaz;Pazuki, Gholamreza;Moghadam, Mohammad;Tiwikrama, Ardila Hayu. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data in 2022.SDS of cas: 57-55-6 This article mentions the following:

The present study reports the result of the measurement and anal. of the solubility curve and tie-line data of four ternary systems containing heptane-iso-Pr alc. azeotrope mixtures and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) at T = 298.2 K and p = 0.1 MPa. This investigation is aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the prepared DESs as extractants in the separation of the heptane-alc. azeotropic mixtures through liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) processes. In this study, four choline chloride-based DESs were prepared by a heating process. Two hydrogen bond donor (HBD) compounds (i.e., ethylene glycol and propylene glycol) were chosen in the preparation of the DESs. The solubility curves show that the effect of DESs on the immiscibility region is small. The studied systems display the type-1 LLE behavior. The measured tie-line values were adequately fitted through the nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) thermodn. model, and the interaction parameter values were determined The correlation data appeared to be in good agreement with the measured tie-lie data. The extraction capacity (distribution constants and selectivities) of the studied DESs was determined The DESs had high and similar selectivity values for the studied systems. Moreover, the distribution constants were larger than unity, indicating a favorable solvent-to-feed ratio. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6SDS of cas: 57-55-6).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.SDS of cas: 57-55-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A highly ordered chiral inorganic mesoporous material used as stationary phase for high-resolution gas chromatographic separations was written by Li, Yan-Xia;Fu, Shi-Guo;Zhang, Jun-Hui;Xie, Sheng-Ming;Li, Lang;He, Yu-Yu;Zi, Min;Yuan, Li-Ming. And the article was included in Journal of Chromatography A in 2018.Computed Properties of C4H11NO This article mentions the following:

A highly ordered chiral mesoporous silica-coated capillary column has been used for high-resolution gas chromatog. separations The column has excellent selectivity, not only for the separation of isomers, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, linear alkanes, long chain alkanes, Grob’s test mixture and aromatic hydrocarbons, but also for the resolution of different classes of chiral compounds Addnl., the column exhibits high column efficiency, excellent temperature resistance, and anal. times are short. This is the first report of a highly ordered chiral inorganic mesoporous silica used in separation science. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Computed Properties of C4H11NO).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Computed Properties of C4H11NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A novel environmental nano-catalyst of zeolite amended with carbon nanotube/silver nanoparticles decorated carbon paste electrode for electro-oxidation of propylene glycol was written by Abdel-Gawad, Soha A.;Fekry, Amany M.. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2022.COA of Formula: C3H8O2 This article mentions the following:

A novel environmental nano-catalyst based on zeolite (ZE) adjusted with carbon nanotube/silver nanoparticles (Ag/CNT) ornamented carbon paste electrode (CPE) is used for electrochem. oxidation of propylene glycol (PG) in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution The techniques like cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA) and electrochem. impedance spectroscopy (EIS) are utilized to achieve the catalytic activity performance. Surface characteristics are achieved by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray anal. (EDX) techniques. Enhancing the loading magnitude of CNT into catalyst’s ingredient can meaningfully develop the catalytic activity of the electrocatalyst towards propylene oxidation The impact of altering the concentration of propylene glycol and the scanning rate on the resulting electrocatalyst performance during the oxidation cycle is considered. Chronoamperograms present an amplify of the steady state oxidation c.d. values after addition of these nano-catalysts. A promising catalytic stability of nano-catalyst has been achieved in electing its use for propylene glycol electro-oxidation in fuel cells applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6COA of Formula: C3H8O2).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.COA of Formula: C3H8O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Porous Chiral Metal-Organic Framework InH(D-C₁₀H₁₄O₄)₂ with Anionic-Type Diamond Network for High-Resolution Gas Chromatographic Enantioseparations was written by Xie, Sheng-Ming;Zhang, Xin-Huan;Zhang, Ze-Jun;Yuan, Li-Ming. And the article was included in Analytical Letters in 2013.Recommanded Product: (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

Metal-organic frameworks have large surface area, highly ordered pore structure and good chem. stability. A porous chiral metal-organic framework InH(D-C₁₀H₁₄O₄)₂(D-C₁₀H₁₄O₄ = D-(+)-camphoric acid) with a left-handed helical channel assembled from D-(+)-camphoric acid was used as chiral stationary phase in GC. InH(D-C₁₀H₁₄O₄)₂-coated open tubular columns with different inner diameters or lengths were prepared by a dynamic coating method for high-resolution GC separation of various types of organic compounds, including racemates, isomers, alkanes, alcs., and Grob’s test mixture Their column efficiency, polarity, and selectivity were studied. The stationary phase has excellent selectivity and also possesses good recognition ability toward these organic compounds, especially for chiral compounds In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Recommanded Product: (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Recommanded Product: (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Deep eutectic solvents and conventional solvents as VOC absorbents for biogas upgrading: A comparative study was written by Villarim, Pedro;Genty, Eric;Zemmouri, Jaouad;Fourmentin, Sophie. And the article was included in Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) in 2022.COA of Formula: C3H8O2 This article mentions the following:

We are currently witnessing an increase in biogas production in the context of fossil fuel decline and the future circular economy. However, raw biogas contains undesirable compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbon dioxide that should be removed to upgrade biogas to biomethane. Absorption is an effective method to capture undesirable compounds from biogas. In this work, we evaluated and compared the efficiency of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) based on fatty acids and conventional absorbents for the absorption of three major VOCs found as impurities in biogas (toluene, limonene and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane). The vapor-liquid partition coefficient (K) of the VOCs in the studied solvents were determined using static headspace-gas chromatog. The effect of temperature and water content was assessed. Results show a decrease of K value in all solvents compared to water, hydrophobic DESs being the most effective solvents with an up to 20000-fold lower K value in the case of limonene. Interestingly, lowering temperature allows the conventional solvents to reach absorption efficiency close to DESs. Neg. values of ΔG (from -6.95 to -22.89 kJ·mol^-1) were obtained showing that all VOCs are favorably solubilized in absorbents. Obtained neg. ΔH values (from -34.86 to -51.17 kJ·mol^-1) indicate that the dissolution of VOCs is an exothermic process. For all studied absorbent the |ΔH| of VOC absorption is always higher than |TΔS|, showing an enthalpically driven process. The obtained results indicate that efficient VOC absorption can be achieved by the proposed hydrophobic DESs and conventional solvent also providing easy recycling, and recovering process. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6COA of Formula: C3H8O2).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.COA of Formula: C3H8O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sulfur and methane oxidation by a single microorganism was written by Gwak, Joo-Han;Awala, Samuel Imisi;Nguyen, Ngoc-Loi;Yu, Woon-Jong;Yang, Hae-Young;von Bergen, Martin;Jehmlich, Nico;Kits, K. Dimitri;Loy, Alexander;Dunfield, Peter F.;Dahl, Christiane;Hyun, Jung-Ho;Rhee, Sung-Keun. And the article was included in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America in 2022.Recommanded Product: 1,2-Propanediol This article mentions the following:

Natural and anthropogenic wetlands are major sources of the atm. greenhouse gas methane. Methane emissions from wetlands are mitigated by methanotrophic bacteria at the oxic-anoxic interface, a zone of intense redox cycling of carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen compounds Here, we report on the isolation of an aerobic methanotrophic bacterium, ‘Methylovirgula thiovorans’ strain HY1, which possesses metabolic capabilities never before found in any methanotroph. Most notably, strain HY1 is the first bacterium shown to aerobically oxidize both methane and reduced sulfur compounds for growth. Genomic and proteomic analyses showed that soluble methane monooxygenase and XoxF-type alc. dehydrogenases are responsible for methane and methanol oxidation, resp. Various pathways for respiratory sulfur oxidation were present, including the Sox-rDsr pathway and the S4I system. Strain HY1 employed the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle for CO2 fixation during chemolithoautotrophic growth on reduced sulfur compounds Proteomic and microrespirometry analyses showed that the metabolic pathways for methane and thiosulfate oxidation were induced in the presence of the resp. substrates. Methane and thiosulfate could therefore be independently or simultaneously oxidized. The discovery of this versatile bacterium demonstrates that methanotrophy and thiotrophy are compatible in a single microorganism and underpins the intimate interactions of methane and sulfur cycles in oxic-anoxic interface environments. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Recommanded Product: 1,2-Propanediol).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Recommanded Product: 1,2-Propanediol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chiral Recognition and Separation by Chirality-Enriched Metal-Organic Frameworks was written by Das, Saikat;Xu, Shixian;Ben, Teng;Qiu, Shilun. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2018.Recommanded Product: (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

Endowed with chiral channels and pores, chiral metal-organic frameworks (MOF) are highly useful; however, their synthesis is a challenge since most chiral building blocks are expensive. Although MOF with induced chirality have been reported to avoid this shortcoming, no study providing evidence for the ee value of such MOF has yet been reported. This is the first study to describe the efficiency of chiral induction in MOF using inexpensive achiral building blocks and fully recoverable chiral dopants to control the handedness of racemic MOF. This method yielded chirality-enriched MOF with accessible pores. The ability of the materials to form host-guest complexes was probed with enantiomers of varying size and coordination and in solvents with varying polarity. Mixed-matrix membranes comprised of chirality-enriched MOF particles dispersed in a polymer matrix demonstrated a new chiral separation route. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Recommanded Product: (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Recommanded Product: (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

An investigation of blood, milk, and urine test patterns for the diagnosis of ketosis in dairy cows in early lactation was written by Serrenho, R. Couto;Williamson, M.;Berke, O.;LeBlanc, S. J.;DeVries, T. J.;McBride, B. W.;Duffield, T. F.. And the article was included in Journal of Dairy Science in 2022.Product Details of 57-55-6 This article mentions the following:

Ketosis in dairy cattle is primarily diagnosed based on the concentrations of ketone bodies in the blood, milk, or urine. Cow-side tests using these fluids are available for rapid detection of elevated concentrations of ketone bodies. Although these tests have been extensively validated, the performance of different tests has not been compared over time. Our objectives were to investigate the relationship between point-of-care diagnostic tests measuring the concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in blood (BT; Precision Xtra, Abbott Laboratories), BHB in milk (MT; Keto-Test, Elanco), and acetoacetate (AcAc) in urine (UT; Ketostix, Bayer Corporation) through cases of ketosis. Holstein cows (n = 148) were screened daily for hyperketonemia (HYK; blood BHB ≥1.2 mmol/L) from 3 to 16 d in milk (DIM); moreover, milk and urine samples were collected concomitantly and tested for ketones (ketosis thresholds: 100μmol/L milk BHB and 5 mg/dL urine AcAc). Of the animals screened (n = 148), 74% were diagnosed with HYK. When diagnosed with HYK, cows were treated with propylene glycol orally once daily for 5 d. After the day of diagnosis (d 0), hyperketonemic cows were retested with BT, MT, and UT for 3 d (d 1, 2, and 3). We assessed the diagnostic test performance and time to ketosis (survival analyses and Cox proportional hazards models) of MT and UT compared with BT. Considering all paired samples (before and after diagnosis of HYK), MT had 61% sensitivity and 91% specificity, whereas the UT had 77% sensitivity and 94% specificity compared with BT. The specificity of MT and UT increased from d 0 to d 1, decreased on d 2, and increased on d 3. The median time to diagnosis of ketosis in blood was 5 DIM (95% CI 5 to 7 DIM); moreover, MT and UT had 2 d greater median time to diagnosis of ketosis compared with the BT [7 DIM (6 to 11 d); and 7 DIM (6 to 13 d), resp.]. We concluded that the UT is a more sensitive predictor of blood BHB concentration than the MT. The UT and MT tests diagnosed ketotic cows approx. 2 d later than the BT. The possible consequences of delay in detection of ketosis in milk and urine should be investigated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Product Details of 57-55-6).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Product Details of 57-55-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of N²-Substituted 2,4-Diamino-6-cyclohexylmethoxy-5-nitrosopyrimidines and Related 5-Cyano-NNO-azoxy Derivatives as Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 (CDK2) Inhibitors was written by Cortese, Daniela;Chegaev, Konstantin;Guglielmo, Stefano;Wang, Lan Z.;Golding, Bernard T.;Cano, Celine;Fruttero, Roberta. And the article was included in ChemMedChem in 2016.Name: (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

The potent and selective cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) inhibitor NU6027 (6-cyclohexylmethoxy-5-nitroso-2,4-diaminopyrimidine) was used as the lead for the synthesis of a series of analogs in order to provide further insight into the structure-activity relationships for 2,4-diaminopyrimidine CDK2 inhibitors. Aliphatic amino substituents were introduced at position 2. The use of linear or less sterically hindered amines gave rise to compounds endowed with slightly better activity than the lead; on the other hand, the compounds were less active if a bulkier amino substituent was used. Substitution of the 5-nitroso group with a 5-cyano-NNO-azoxy moiety afforded a new class of inhibitors, the activity of which against CDK2 was found to be similar to that of the nitroso series. The most active nitroso compound was (2S)-2-[(4-amino-6-cyclohexylmethoxy-5-nitrosopyrimidin-2-yl)amino]propan-1-ol (IC₅₀=0.16 μm), while in the 5-cyano-NNO-azoxy series the most active compound was 4-amino-5-[(Z)-cyano-NNO-azoxy]-2-{[(2S)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl]amino}-6-cyclohexylmethoxypyrimidine (IC₅₀=0.30 μm). Taken together, these new analogs of NU6027 enhance our understanding of the structure-activity relationships for 2,4-diaminopyrimidine CDK2 inhibitors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Name: (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Name: (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts