Category: 96-76-4

On January 31, 2021, Jiang, Qian; Liu, He; Zhang, Yan; Cui, Min-hua; Fu, Bo; Liu, Hong-bo published an article.Name: 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol The title of the article was Insight into sludge anaerobic digestion with granular activated carbon addition: Methanogenic acceleration and methane reduction relief. And the article contained the following:

In this study, the multiple effects of granular activated carbon (GAC) on sludge anaerobic digestion at ambient (16-24°C), mesophilic (35°C) and thermophilic (55°C) temperature were investigated. After GAC addition, although the methane yields of raw sludge were reduced by 6.5%-36.9%, the lag phases of methanogenesis were shortened by 19.3%-30.6% and the reductions of methane yields were declined to only 5.9%-8.1% simultaneously for pretreated sludge. The inhibitory substances like phenols that generated by thermal pretreatment were reduced after GAC addition, which were demonstrated to be responsible for the methanogenic acceleration. Meanwhile, the methane reduction due to the non-selective adsorption by GAC could be mitigated by pretreatment and elevated temperature Thus, a strategy coupling thermal pretreatment with detoxification by GAC was proposed to improve the methane production rate and avoid the neg. effects during sludge anaerobic digestion with GAC addition The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol(cas: 96-76-4).Name: 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol

The Article related to methanogenic acceleration methane reduction sludge anaerobic digestion, anaerobic digestion, granular activated carbon, methane reduction relief, methanogenic acceleration, waste activated sludge and other aspects.Name: 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol

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On April 7, 2020, Grashow, Rachel; Bessonneau, Vincent; Gerona, Roy R.; Wang, Aolin; Trowbridge, Jessica; Lin, Thomas; Buren, Heather; Rudel, Ruthann A.; Morello-Frosch, Rachel published an article.Electric Literature of 96-76-4 The title of the article was Integrating Exposure Knowledge and Serum Suspect Screening as a New Approach to Biomonitoring: An Application in Firefighters and Office Workers. And the article contained the following:

Firefighters (FF) are exposed to recognized and probable carcinogens, yet there are few chem. exposure studies and associated health concerns for women firefighters, e.g., breast cancer. Biomonitoring often requires a-priori selection of compounds to be measured, and may not detect relevant, lesser known, exposures. The women firefighters biomonitoring collaborative (WFBC) created a biol. sample archive and conducted a general suspect screen (GSS) to address this data gap. Using liquid chromatog./quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry, candidate chems. of interest were identified in serum samples from 83 women (FF) and 79 women office workers (OW) in San Francisco, California. Chem. peaks were identified by matching accurate mass from serum samples to a custom chem. database of 722 slightly polar phenolic and acidic compounds, including many relevant to firefighting or breast cancer etiol. Collected tentatively identified chems. were selected for confirmation based on: detection frequency or peak area differences between OW and FF; evidence of mammary carcinogenicity, estrogenicity, or genotoxicity; and not currently measured in large biomonitoring studies. In total 620 chems. were detected which matched 300 mol. formulas in the WFBC database, including phthalate and phosphate flame retardant metabolites, phenols, pesticides, nitro- and nitroso-compounds, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances. Of 20 suspect chems. selected for validation, eight were confirmed (two alkylphenols, Et paraben, BPF, PFOSAA, benzophenone-3, benzyl p-hydroxybenzoate, tri-Ph phosphate) by running a matrix spike of reference standards and using m/z, retention time, and the confirmation of at least two fragment ions as matching criteria. GSS provided a powerful high-throughput approach to identify and prioritize novel chems. for biomonitoring and health studies. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol(cas: 96-76-4).Electric Literature of 96-76-4

The Article related to occupational health hazard women firefighter office worker chem exposure, risk assessment women firefighter office worker cancer chem exposure, carcinogen understudied compound biomonitoring women firefighter office worker and other aspects.Electric Literature of 96-76-4

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Tsochatzis, Emmanouil; Lopes, Joao Alberto; Gika, Helen; Theodoridis, Georgios published an article in 2021, the title of the article was Polystyrene biodegradation by Tenebrio molitor larvae: identification of generated substances using a GC-MS untargeted screening method.SDS of cas: 96-76-4 And the article contains the following content:

A GC-MS method has been applied to screen and evaluate the generation of chem. compounds during the biodegradation of polystyrene (PS) with Tenebrio molitor larvae. Several resulting compounds have been identified, including trimers 2,4,6-triphenyl-1-hexene and 1,3,5-triphenylcyclohexane, the volatiles acetophenone and cumyl alc., and 2,4-di-tert butylphenol, a non-intentionally added substance (NIAS) present in the plastic material. The PS monomers styrene and a-Me styrene were also identified in the extracts Bioactive mols. present in the biomass of the studied insects were identified, such as the free fatty acids myristic, palmitic, and oleic acid. Undecanoic acid was also found, but in lower mass fractions. Finally, biochem. formatted amides resulting from their resp. fatty acids were identified, namely tetradecanamide, hexadecanamide and oleamide. The formation of all these substances seems to suggest enzymic and biochem. activity occurring during the biodegradation of PS, and their amounts varied throughout the experience. The overall degradation rate of PS resulted in a 13% rate, which highlights the potential of biorecycling using these insects. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol(cas: 96-76-4).SDS of cas: 96-76-4

The Article related to tenebrio molitor larvae polystyrene biodegradation gcms screening method, gc-ms analysis, chemical compounds formed during bio-degradation, insects assisted biodegradation of polystyrene, plastics biodegradation and biorecycling and other aspects.SDS of cas: 96-76-4

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Zhao, Fuqiang; Wang, Ping; Lucardi, Rima D.; Su, Zushang; Li, Shiyou published an article in 2020, the title of the article was Natural sources and bioactivities of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol and its analogs.Safety of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol And the article contains the following content:

2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol or 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-phenol (2,4-DTBP) is a common toxic secondary metabolite produced by various groups of organisms. The biosources and bioactivities of 2,4-DTBP have been well investigated, but the phenol has not been systematically reviewed. This article provides a comprehensive review of 2,4-DTBP and its analogs with emphasis on natural sources and bioactivities. 2,4-DTBP has been found in at least 169 species of bacteria (16 species, 10 families), fungi (11 species, eight families), diatom (one species, one family), liverwort (one species, one family), pteridiphyta (two species, two families), gymnosperms (four species, one family), dicots (107 species, 58 families), monocots (22 species, eight families), and animals (five species, five families). 2,4-DTBP is often a major component of violate or essential oils and it exhibits potent toxicity against almost all testing organisms, including the producers; however, it is not clear why organisms produce autotoxic 2,4-DTBP and its analogs. The accumulating evidence indicates that the endocidal regulation seems to be the primary function of the phenols in the producing organisms. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol(cas: 96-76-4).Safety of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol

The Article related to review 2 4di tert butylphenol analog natural source bioactivity, 2,4-dtbp, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-phenol (2,4-dtbp), 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, analogs, animals, autotoxicity, bacteria, bioactivities, fungi, natural source, plants and other aspects.Safety of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol

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Nair, Reshma V. R.; Jayasree, Devi Velayudhan; Biju, Prabath Gopalakrishnan; Baby, Sabulal published an article in 2020, the title of the article was Anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of erythrodiol-3-acetate and 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol isolated from Humboldtia unijuga.Formula: C14H22O And the article contains the following content:

Humboldtia unijuga Bedd., endemic to Agasthyamala in Western Ghats in India, is traditionally used by local Kani tribes for chicken pox, head ache and snake bite. This study reports the isolation of erythrodiol-3-acetate (HU-1) and 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (HU-2) from H. unijuga roots and their anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities in macrophage, skin and breast cancer cell lines. Effects of HU-1 and HU-2 treatments (50, 100μg/mL) on gene expression profiles of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-6 and IL-1β, and apoptosis genes p53 and caspase 7 were studied. HU-2 exerted a significantly superior anti-inflammatory effect compared to HU-1 in all three pro-inflammatory genes. HU-2 showed a superior dose dependent anticancer effect through activation of p53 gene over HU-1 in MCF-7 cells. HU-1 exhibited a dose dependent effect on caspase 7 gene in both cell lines while HU-2 was more effective in A431. HU-2 has potential for development as a novel anti-inflammatory and anticancer agent. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol(cas: 96-76-4).Formula: C14H22O

The Article related to humboldtia unijuga erythrodiol acetate ditertbutylphenol antiinflammatory anticancer activity apoptosis, humboldtia unijuga , 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, anti-inflammatory activity, anticancer activity, apoptosis, erythrodiol-3-acetate and other aspects.Formula: C14H22O

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On April 30, 2021, Velikorodov, A. V.; Stepkina, N. N.; Osipova, V. P.; Zukhairaeva, A. S.; Shustova, E. A. published an article.HPLC of Formula: 96-76-4 The title of the article was Synthesis of New Functionally Substituted Indenes, Benzofurans and 2,5-Benzodiazocin-1(2H)-ones. And the article contained the following:

The synthesis of new functionally substituted 1H-indene-1,3(2H)-diones, such as I [R = pyridin-2-yl, morpholin-4-yl] indenobenzofurans II [R1 = 1-adamantyl, t-Bu; R2 = Me, t-Bu] and 2,5-benzodiazocines III [R3 = H, t-Bu, NHCO2Me, 1-adamantyl; R4 = H, NHCO2Me; R5 = H, Me, t-Bu, NHCO2Me] was described. The condensations of ninhydrin in concentrated sulfuric acid with 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl and 2-(pyridin-2-yl)ethyl phenylcarbamates at 20°C and with 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol while gradually raising temperature from 0 to 20°C gave corresponding 2,2-disubstituted 1H-indene-1,3(2H)-diones such as I in 62-89% yields. The indeno[1,2-b]benzofuran derivatives II were obtained with high yields (96-98%) by heating ninhydrin with 2-(1-adamantyl)-4-methylphenol and 2,4-di(tert-butyl)phenol, resp., in glacial acetic acid at 60°C. Benzofurans containing an adamantyl, tert-Bu, or carbamate fragment reacted with 99% ethylenediamine at 20°C to afford 80-85% of new 2,5-benzodiazocine derivatives III. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol(cas: 96-76-4).HPLC of Formula: 96-76-4

The Article related to disubstituted indene dione preparation, phenylcarbamate ninhydrin sulfuric acid condensation, indenobenzofuran preparation, ninhydrin phenol acetic acid condensation, benzodiazocine preparation, ethylenediamine indenobenzofuran condensation and other aspects.HPLC of Formula: 96-76-4

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On September 15, 2021, Stienbarger, Cheyenne D.; Joseph, Jincy; Athey, Samantha N.; Monteleone, Bonnie; Andrady, Anthony L.; Watanabe, Wade O.; Seaton, Pamela; Taylor, Alison R.; Brander, Susanne M. published an article.Product Details of 96-76-4 The title of the article was Direct ingestion, trophic transfer, and physiological effects of microplastics in the early life stages of Centropristis striata, a commercially and recreationally valuable fishery species. And the article contained the following:

Microplastics are ubiquitous in marine and estuarine ecosystems, and thus there is increasing concern regarding exposure and potential effects in com. species. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the effects of microplastics on larval and early juvenile life stages of the Black Sea Bass (Centropristis striata), a North American fishery. Larvae (13-14 days post hatch, dph) were exposed to 1.0 x 104, 1.0 x 105, and 1.0 x 106 particles L-1 of low-d. polyethylene (LDPE) microspheres (10-20μ) directly in seawater and via trophic transfer from microzooplankton prey (tintinnid ciliates, Favella spp.). We also compared the ingestion of virgin and chem.-treated microspheres incubated with either phenanthrene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, or 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP), a plastic additive. Larval fish did not discriminate between virgin or chem.-treated microspheres. However, larvae did ingest higher numbers of microspheres through ingestion of microzooplankton prey than directly from the seawater. Early juveniles (50-60 dph) were directly exposed to the virgin and chem.-treated LDPE microspheres, as well as virgin LDPE microfibers for 96 h to determine physiol. effects (i.e., oxygen consumption and immune response). There was a significant pos. relationship between oxygen consumption and increasing microfiber concentration, as well as a significant neg. relationship between immune response and increasing virgin microsphere concentration This first assessment of microplastic pollution effects in the early life stages of a com. finfish species demonstrates that trophic transfer from microzooplankton can be a significant route of microplastic exposure to larval stages of C. striata, and that multi-day exposure to some microplastics in early juveniles can result in physiol. stress. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol(cas: 96-76-4).Product Details of 96-76-4

The Article related to direct ingestion trophic transfer physiol effect microplastic, centropristis striata fishery species, black sea bass, commercial fishery, concentration-response, contaminated prey, immune response, microfibers, microspheres, north america, respiration and other aspects.Product Details of 96-76-4

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On August 4, 2020, Wu, Yan; Venier, Marta; Hites, Ronald A. published an article.Formula: C14H22O The title of the article was Broad Exposure of the North American Environment to Phenolic and Amino Antioxidants and to Ultraviolet Filters. And the article contained the following:

This work comprehensively assessed three suites of commonly used synthetic additives: phenolic and amino antioxidants and UV filters. Concentrations of 47 such compounds and their transformation products were measured in 20 atm. particle samples collected at Chicago, Illinois, in 21 Canadian e-waste dust samples, in 32 Canadian and US residential dust samples, and in 10 Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal sediment samples. Despite their large US production volumes, environmental data on antioxidants and UV filters in North America is limited. These compounds were detected in all samples, indicating their ubiquitous distribution in the North American environment. The most prevalent compounds were 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-benzoquinone, diphenylamine, 4,4′-di-t-octyl diphenylamine, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, and 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone. E-waste dust contained significantly greater total concentrations of these compounds than Canadian residential dust; intermediate levels were detected in US residential dust. Sediment had relatively high N,N’-diphenylbenzidine concentrations whose source was unclear, and some benzotriazole UV filters. Daily intake rates via dust ingestion for these compounds were 1-10 ng/kg-day for adults to 10-100 ng/kg-day for toddlers. Due to the wide distribution of these compounds in ambient and built environments, future research on their potential toxic effects on people and ecosystems is important. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol(cas: 96-76-4).Formula: C14H22O

The Article related to environmental pollution phenol compound amino antioxidant uv filter, air water aquatic sediment pollution organic compound north america, atm particulate electronic waste dust contamination organic compound, toxicity human exposure organic environmental pollutant north america and other aspects.Formula: C14H22O

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On November 30, 2021, Wang, Xiaoyu; Wang, Aimin; Chen, Zhiyi; Wei, Lihui published an article.Application In Synthesis of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol The title of the article was Phytotoxin of rice aggregate sheath spot pathogen Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae and its biological activities. And the article contained the following:

Rice aggregate sheath spot disease occurs in many countries and causes serious yield losses. In China, the disease-causing fungus Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae was reported in 1985, and since then, it has rarely been reported in major rice-growing areas after almost 30 years. Compared with Rhizoctonia solani, R. oryzae-sativae has a significantly different physiol. morphol. and growth status, although both fungi affect rice leaves in very similar ways. The optimum temperature for the suitable growth of R. oryzae-sativae is 31°C, which is consistent with previous reports. We extracted phytotoxins from R. oryzae-sativae and analyzed its biol. activity via the detached leaf and radicle inhibition methods. Rhizoctonia solani and R. oryzae-sativae exhibit differences in terms of pathogenicity and toxin activity, which indicates that these fungi may produce different toxin components. Based on gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry data, esters, phenols, and other components were present in the crude toxin extract of R. oryzae-sativae. Our research provides a new method for studying the phytotoxins of R. oryzae-sativae. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms responsible for aggregate sheath spot disease in rice. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol(cas: 96-76-4).Application In Synthesis of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol

The Article related to phytotoxin rice aggregate sheath spot pathogen rhizoctonia oryzae sativae, activité biologique, aggregate sheath spot, biological activity, chromatographie en phase gazeuse–spectrométrie de masse, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, phytotoxines, phytotoxins, tache de la gaine and other aspects.Application In Synthesis of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol

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On February 15, 2020, Paudel, Kushal; Hauk, Armin; Maier, Tanja Verena; Menzel, Roberto published an article.Related Products of 96-76-4 The title of the article was Quantitative characterization of leachables sinks in biopharmaceutical downstream processing. And the article contained the following:

This article demonstrates, on a quant. level, that leachables – potentially accumulated during a biopharmaceutical manufacturing process – will be significantly reduced/removed during four key downstream process steps: cell removal using centrifugation or depth filtration, sterile filtration and virus filtration. Eight common leachables model compounds (LMCs) were spiked into typical feed solutions containing buffer and proteins and were analyzed post-processing in the supernatant or filtrates by HPLC-UV. The clearance rates were calculated as the quotient between the scavenged and initially spiked amount of each leachable. High clearance rates were found for hydrophobic LMCs for all investigated downstream operation steps. It is shown that the removal of cells and cell debris from a culture broth reduces the amount of LMCs almost completely after centrifugation or depth filtration. Also, sterilizing-grade and virus filtration provided a high scavenger effect to most of the LMCs. In contrast, only one hydrophilic acid was not significantly scavenged by the described operations. The possibility to include leachables sinks to a process qualification and risk mitigation concept is explained. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol(cas: 96-76-4).Related Products of 96-76-4

The Article related to biopharmaceutical downstream processing leachable depth sterile virus filtration, biopharmaceutical manufacturing, cell removal, downstream processing, extractables and leachables, leachables sink, process equipment-related leachables (perls), single-use system (sus), sterilizing-grade filtration, virus filtration and other aspects.Related Products of 96-76-4

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