Category: 70539-42-3

Anagnostou, Athanasius published the artcileErythropoietin has a mitogenic and positive chemotactic effect on endothelial cells, Product Details of C18H20N2O12, the publication is Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (1990), 87(15), 5978-82, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A dose-dependent proliferative action of human recombinant erythropoietin on human umbilical vein endothelial cells and bovine adrenal capillary endothelial cells was observed Binding studies with radioiodinated recombinant human erythropoietin revealed a large number (≈27,000) of an apparent single class of receptors with an affinity in the 10^-9 M range. Linkage of the radiolabeled ligand to its receptor via a bifunctional crosslinking agent allowed identification of an endothelial cell protein of 45 kilodaltons as the principal receptor associated with this mitogenic effect of erythropoietin. Recombinant human erythropoietin also enhanced the migration of endothelial cells.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America published new progress about 70539-42-3. 70539-42-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class pyrrolidine,Ester,Amide,Inhibitor,Inhibitor, name is Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, and the molecular formula is C18H20N2O12, Product Details of C18H20N2O12.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Boivin, Patrick published the artcileImmobilization of perfluoroalkylated enzymes in a biologically active state onto Perflex support, Recommanded Product: Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, the publication is Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry (1991), 14(2), 155-69, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Perflex was introduced as a new fluorocarbon-based technol. for protein immobilization. Due to the hydrophobic character of the support, however, significant loss of enzymic activity may occur upon immobilization of certain enzymes, which appears to be due to a large conformational change of the protein (inversion). Pretreatment of the Perflex support with a neutral fluorosurfactant lessened the surface hydrophobicity, thus decreasing the hydrophobic interaction between the support and the protein. Modification of enzymes with a high number of fluorocarbon residues, which forms a hydrophobic envelope around the protein, also appeared to prevent enzyme inactivation upon immobilization on Perflex support. Moreover, preactivation of the support with either perfluorooctylpropylisocyanate or reactive poly(fluoroalkyl)sugar reagents greatly improved the enzyme particle activity by increasing the amount of immobilized enzyme. Fluorosurfactant treatment of the support activated with perfluorooctylpropylisocyanate improved the retention of activity for sensitive enzymes such as chymotrypsin and increased the wet ability and ease of handling of the Perflex particles.

Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry published new progress about 70539-42-3. 70539-42-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class pyrrolidine,Ester,Amide,Inhibitor,Inhibitor, name is Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, and the molecular formula is C18H20N2O12, Recommanded Product: Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Isaacs, W. B. published the artcileAssociation of titin and myosin heavy chain in developing skeletal muscle, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (1992), 89(16), 7496-500, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

To understand mol. interactions that organize developing myofibrils, the biosynthesis and interaction of titin and myosin heavy chain in cultures of developing chicken leg myoblasts were examined Use of pulse-labeling, immunoprecipitation, and a reversible crosslinking procedure demonstrates that within minutes of synthesis, titin and myosin heavy chain can be chem. crosslinked into very large, detergent-resistant complexes retaining many features of intact myotubes. These complexes, predominantly of titin and myosin, occur very early in myofibrillogenesis as well as later. Apparently, synthesis and assembly of titin and myosin are temporally and spatially coordinated in nascent myofibrils, and titin mols. may help to organize sarcomere formation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America published new progress about 70539-42-3. 70539-42-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class pyrrolidine,Ester,Amide,Inhibitor,Inhibitor, name is Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, and the molecular formula is C18H20N2O12, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Habibi, Azadeh Ebrahim published the artcileThermostabilization of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens α-amylase by chemical crosslinking, Recommanded Product: Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, the publication is Journal of Biotechnology (2006), 123(4), 434-442, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Chem. crosslinking of a mesophilic α-amylase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BAA) was carried out. Intramol. crosslinks between Lys residues upon treatment of the enzyme with ethylene glycol bis(succinic acid N-hydroxy succinimide ester) resulted in enhancement of thermostability as indicated by irreversible thermoinactivation experiments Enhancement of thermostability coincided with a dramatic protection against aggregation, combined with a decrease in surface hydrophobicity. Deamidation, another important mechanism of irreversible thermoinactivation, was also diminished upon modification. While no significant changes in the kinetic parameters were evident, rigidification of the protein structure was suggested by CD and fluorescence studies.

Journal of Biotechnology published new progress about 70539-42-3. 70539-42-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class pyrrolidine,Ester,Amide,Inhibitor,Inhibitor, name is Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, and the molecular formula is C18H20N2O12, Recommanded Product: Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Bhattacharya, Ushashi published the artcileSurface charge manipulation and electrostatic immobilization of synaptosomes for super-resolution imaging: a study on tau compartmentalization, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is Scientific Reports (2021), 11(1), 18583, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Synaptosomes are subcellular fractions prepared from brain tissues that are enriched in synaptic terminals, widely used for the study of neural transmission and synaptic dysfunction. Immunofluorescence imaging is increasingly applied to synaptosomes to investigate protein localization. However, conventional methods for imaging synaptosomes over glass coverslips suffer from formaldehyde-induced aggregation. Here, we developed a facile strategy to capture and image synaptosomes without aggregation artifacts. First, ethylene glycol bis(succinimidyl succinate) (EGS) is chosen as the chem. fixative to replace formaldehyde. EGS/glycine treatment makes the zeta potential of synaptosomes more neg. Second, we modified glass coverslips with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) to impart pos. charges. EGS-fixed synaptosomes spontaneously attach to modified glasses via electrostatic attraction while maintaining good dispersion. Individual synaptic terminals are imaged by conventional fluorescence microscopy or by super-resolution techniques such as direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM). We examined tau protein by two-color and three-color dSTORM to understand its spatial distribution within mouse cortical synapses, observing tau colocalization with synaptic vesicles as well postsynaptic densities.

Scientific Reports published new progress about 70539-42-3. 70539-42-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class pyrrolidine,Ester,Amide,Inhibitor,Inhibitor, name is Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, and the molecular formula is C18H20N2O12, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Black, Kvar C. L. published the artcileIn vivo fate tracking of degradable nanoparticles for lung gene transfer using PET and Ĉerenkov imaging, Recommanded Product: Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, the publication is Biomaterials (2016), 53-63, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Nanoparticles (NPs) play expanding roles in biomedical applications including imaging and therapy, however, their long-term fate and clearance profiles have yet to be fully characterized in vivo. NP delivery via the airway is particularly challenging, as the clearance may be inefficient and lung immune responses complex. Thus, specific material design is required for cargo delivery and quant., noninvasive methods are needed to characterize NP pharmacokinetics. Here, biocompatible poly(acrylamidoethylamine)-b-poly(DL-lactide) block copolymer-based degradable, cationic, shell-cross-linked knedel-like NPs (Dg-cSCKs) were employed to transfect plasmid DNA. Radioactive and optical beacons were attached to monitor biodistribution and imaging. The preferential release of cargo in acidic conditions provided enhanced transfection efficiency compared to non-degradable counterparts. In vivo gene transfer to the lung was correlated with NP pharmacokinetics by radiolabeling Dg-cSCKs and performing quant. biodistribution with parallel positron emission tomog. and Cerenkov imaging. Quantitation of imaging over 14 days corresponded with the pharmacokinetics of NP movement from the lung to gastrointestinal and renal routes, consistent with predicted degradation and excretion. This ability to noninvasively and accurately track NP fate highlights the advantage of incorporating multifunctionality into particle design.

Biomaterials published new progress about 70539-42-3. 70539-42-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class pyrrolidine,Ester,Amide,Inhibitor,Inhibitor, name is Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, and the molecular formula is C18H20N2O12, Recommanded Product: Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Samarajeewa, Sandani published the artcileDegradable Cationic Shell Cross-Linked Knedel-like Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Degradation, Nucleic Acid Binding, and in Vitro Evaluation, Product Details of C18H20N2O12, the publication is Biomacromolecules (2013), 14(4), 1018-1027, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

In this work, degradable cationic shell crosslinked knedel-like (deg-cSCK) nanoparticles were developed as an alternative platform to replace similar nondegradable cSCK nanoparticles that have been utilized for nucleic acids delivery. An amphiphilic diblock copolymer poly(acrylamidoethylamine)₉₀-block-poly(DL-lactide)₄₀ (PAEA₉₀-b-PDLLA₄₀) was synthesized, self-assembled in aqueous solution, and shell crosslinked using a hydrolyzable crosslinker to afford deg-cSCKs with an average core diameter of 45 ± 7 nm. These nanoparticles were fluorescently labeled for in vitro tracking. The enzymic- and hydrolytic-degradability, siRNA binding affinity, cell uptake and cytotoxicity of the deg-cSCKs were evaluated. Esterase-catalyzed hydrolysis of the nanoparticles resulted in the degradation of ca. 24% of the PDLLA core into lactic acid within 5 d, as opposed to only ca. 9% degradation from aqueous solutions of the deg-cSCK nanoparticles in the absence of enzyme. Cellular uptake of deg-cSCKs was efficient, while exhibiting low cytotoxicity with LD50 values of ca. 90 and 30 μg/mL in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages and MLE 12 cell lines, resp., ca. 5- to 6-fold lower than the cytotoxicity observed for nondegradable cSCK analogs. Addnl., deg-cSCKs were able to complex siRNA at an N/P ratio as low as 2, and were efficiently able to facilitate cellular uptake of the complexed nucleic acids.

Biomacromolecules published new progress about 70539-42-3. 70539-42-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class pyrrolidine,Ester,Amide,Inhibitor,Inhibitor, name is Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, and the molecular formula is C18H20N2O12, Product Details of C18H20N2O12.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Levesque, Jean Pierre published the artcileA mitogenic fibrinogen receptor that differs from glycoprotein IIb-IIIa. Identification by affinity chromatography and by covalent cross-linking, Computed Properties of 70539-42-3, the publication is Journal of Biological Chemistry (1990), 265(1), 328-33, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The mitogenic effect of human fibrinogen on the hemopoietic cell lines Raji and JM is mediate by a specific receptor with biochem. and functional properties different from those of the platelet fibrinogen receptor, the glycoprotein complex IIb-IIIa. This work describes the identification of the mitogenic fibrinogen receptor (MFR) by 2 independent methods, affinity chromatog. and covalent crosslinking. Affinity chromatog. of surface-labeled cell extracts on fibrinogen-Sepharose revealed a 94-kDa membrane protein that bound specifically to fibrinogen-Sepharose only on cells that expressed the MFR. Its mol. mass was not modified after reduction This was confirmed by crosslinking fibrinogen to surface-labeled Raji cells using the cleavable crosslinkers, ethyleneglycolbis(succinimidyl succinate) and dithiobis(succinimidyl propionate). Complexes between fibrinogen and iodinated cell membrane proteins were immunoprecipitated by anti-fibrinogen antibodies. The biochem. cleavage of these immunoprecipitated conjugates gave rise to a 92-kDa membrane protein whose mol. mass was not modified after reduction Thus, fibrinogen binds specifically to a 92-94-kDa MFR which does not belong to the integrin family.

Journal of Biological Chemistry published new progress about 70539-42-3. 70539-42-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class pyrrolidine,Ester,Amide,Inhibitor,Inhibitor, name is Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, and the molecular formula is C18H20N2O12, Computed Properties of 70539-42-3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Yamaguchi, Mutsuo published the artcileMitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I): Proximity of the subunits of the flavoprotein and the iron-sulfur protein subcomplexes, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is Biochemistry (1993), 32(8), 1935-9, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The proximities of the three subunits (51, 24, and 9 kDa) of the flavoprotein subcomplex (FP) and five subunits (75, 49, 30, 18, and 13) of the iron-sulfur protein subcomplex (IP) of the bovine NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) were investigated by crosslinking studies. The crosslinking reagents used were disuccinimidyl tartrate and ethylene glycol bis(succinimidyl succinate). The cross-linked products were identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting with antibodies specific for each subunit. Results showed that the three FP subunits are juxtaposed to one another, and only the 51 kDa subunit of FP is in close proximity to only the 75-kDa subunit of IP. The 75-kDa subunit cross-linked to the 30- and the 13-kDa subunits, the 49-kDa subunit cross-linked to the 30-, 18-, and 13-kDa subunits, and the 30-kDa subunit cross-linked to the 18- and the 13-kDa subunits. No cross-linked products of 75+49-, 75+18-, or 18+13-kDa subunits were detected. These results are consistent with the occurrence of potential electron carriers in FP and IP subunits. These electron carriers are FMN and one iron-sulfur cluster in the 51-kDa subunit, one iron-sulfur cluster in the 24-kDa subunit, and apparently two iron-sulfur clusters in the 75-kDa subunit.

Biochemistry published new progress about 70539-42-3. 70539-42-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class pyrrolidine,Ester,Amide,Inhibitor,Inhibitor, name is Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, and the molecular formula is C5H10N2OS, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Dreiling, Alena published the artcileEarly cleavage of ethylene glycol bis(succinimidylsuccinate) (EGS)-linker moieties during enzymatic digestion of cross-linked proteins, Quality Control of 70539-42-3, the publication is Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry (2014), 28(21), 2385-2388, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

It has become popular to combine the crosslinking of proteins with mass spectrometry (MS) to study their tertiary structure or interactions. There are several difficulties with the method which make it a challenge. They include the limited availability of crosslinked peptides for MS anal. due to low yield of the crosslinking reaction and unwanted side chem. Recently, the authors have pointed out the uncontrolled quenching of azide linkers by buffer components rendering them almost useless for the intended task. Here, the authors describe a phenomenon involving cleavable crosslinkers. They have been designed to overcome the drawback that crosslinked peptides provide poor gas-phase fragmentation mass spectra because of their branched structure. Moreover, isotope coding on such linkers may assist in finding the low-abundance crosslinked peptides in mass spectra as described for ethylene glycol bis(succinimidylsuccinate) (EGS). In some of the authors’ experiments, this compound provided better crosslinking yields compared to other N-hydroxysuccinimide-derived reagents as detected by one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate PAGE. For best results from crosslinking experiments using cleavable agents such as EGS, careful control of sample preparation protocols for early hydrolysis products is advisable.

Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry published new progress about 70539-42-3. 70539-42-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class pyrrolidine,Ester,Amide,Inhibitor,Inhibitor, name is Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, and the molecular formula is C18H20N2O12, Quality Control of 70539-42-3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts