Category: 59-23-4

Chinuki, Yuko published the artcileAlpha-Gal-containing biologics and anaphylaxis, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is review; Anaphylaxis; Cetuximab; Galactose-α-1, 3-galactose; Red meat allergy; Tick bites.

Cetuximab, the IgG1 subclass chimeric mouse-human monoclonal antibody biol. that targets the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), is used worldwide for the treatment of EGFR-pos. unresectable progressive/recurrent colorectal cancer and head and neck cancer. Research has shown that the principal cause of cetuximab-induced anaphylaxis is anti oligosaccharide IgE antibodies specific for galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-Gal) oligosaccharide present on the mouse-derived Fab portion of the cetuximab heavy chain. Furthermore, it has been revealed that patients who are allergic to cetuximab also develop an allergic reaction to mammalian meat containing the same α-Gal oligosaccharide owing to cross-reactivity, and the presumed cause of sensitization is tick bites: Amblyomma in the United States. Investigations of cetuximab-related anaphylaxis have revealed three novel findings that improve our understanding of immediate-type allergy: 1. oligosaccharide can serve as the main IgE epitope of anaphylaxis; 2. because of the oligosaccharide epitope, a wide range of cross-reactivity with mammalian meats containing α-Gal similar to cetuximab occurs; and 3. tick bites are a crucial factor of sensitization to the oligosaccharide.

Allergology International published new progress about Amblyomma. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Yu, Juan published the artcileApoptosis of human gastric carcinoma MGC-803 cells induced by a novel Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide via intrinsic mitochondrial pathways, SDS of cas: 59-23-4, the main research area is Astragalus gastric carcinoma cell apoptosis polysaccharide intrinsic mitochondrial pathway; Cold-water soluble Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide; Human gastric cancer; Mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.

In our previous study, a novel cold-water-soluble polysaccharide (APS4) was isolated from Astragalus membranaceus. This study aimed to evaluate the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis-induced effects of APS4 on human gastric carcinoma MGC-803 cells and to investigate its potential mol. mechanism. It was found that APS4 could significantly suppress the proliferation of MGC-803 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Morphol. observations and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining showed that APS4-treated MGC-803 cells exhibited typical morphol. characteristics of apoptosis. Cell cycle detection revealed that APS4 could arrest MGC-803 cells in S phase of the cell cycle. Addnl., APS4 treatment could induce the mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, which was closely related to the accumulation of intracellular ROS, the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, the increase of the pro-apoptotic/anti-apoptotic (Bax/Bcl-2) ratios, the release of cytochrome c, further activating the expression of caspase-9/-3 and the cleavage of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) in MGC-803 cells. Taken together, our results suggested that APS4 had observable apoptosis-induced effects on MGC-803 cells via arresting the cell cycle in S phase and inducing the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Apoptosis. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, SDS of cas: 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Hou, Jingang published the artcileD-galactose induces astrocytic aging and contributes to astrocytoma progression and chemoresistance via cellular senescence, HPLC of Formula: 59-23-4, the main research area is glioblastoma astrocytoma astrocyte aging progression D galactose anticancer resistance.

In the present study, we aimed to investigate the involvement of astrocytes in D-galactose-induced brain aging in vitro. We found that D-galactose treatment significantly suppressed cell viability and induced cellular senescence. in addition, as of the accumulation of senescent cells, we proposed that the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SaSP) can stimulate age-related pathologies and chemoresistance in brain. consistently, senescent astrocytic CRT cells induced by D-galactose exhibited increases in the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 via NF-kB activation, which are major SaSP components and inflammatory cytokines. conditioned medium prepared from senescent astrocytic CRT cells significantly promoted the viability of brain tumor cells (u373-MG and n2a). importantly, conditioned medium greatly suppressed the cytotoxicity of u373-MG cells induced by temozolomide, and reduced the protein expression levels of neuron marker neuron-specific class III beta-tubulin, but markedly increased the levels of c-Myc in N2a cells. Thus, our findings demonstrated that D-galactose treatment might mimic brain aging, and that D-galactose could contribute to brain inflammation and tumor progression through inducing the accumulation of senescent-secretory astrocytes.

Molecular Medicine Reports published new progress about Apoptosis. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, HPLC of Formula: 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Yu, Juan published the artcileThe structural characteristics of an acid-soluble polysaccharide from Grifola frondosa and its antitumor effects on H22-bearing mice, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is Grifola hepatoma macrophage proliferation mannose glucose anticancer; Anti-tumor activity; Grifola frondosa acid-soluble polysaccharide; Structural characteristics.

The edible mushroom G. frondosa has been used as a kind of functional food for the prevention and therapy of various diseases in Asian countries. In the present work, a novel acid-soluble polysaccharide (GFAP) was successfully isolated from G. frondosa under room temperature and hydrochloric acid solution treatment. Results of chem. composition anal., UV and HPGPC spectra showed that GFAP mainly contained 94.28% of carbohydrate with the average mol. weight of about 644.9 kDa. GC, FT-IR, NMR and methylation anal. further indicated that GFAP was a neutral sugar mainly composed of (1 â†?3)-β-D-Glcp and (1 â†?3)-α-D-Manp. The in vivo antitumor experiments demonstrated that GFAP could effectively protect thymuses and spleens of tumor-bearing mice and inhibit the growth of H22 solid tumors with the inhibitory rate of 36.72%. Besides, GFAP could significantly improve the activities of NK cells, macrophages, CD19+ B cells and CD4+ T cells, leading to the apoptosis of H22 cells via G0/G1 phase arrested. Our data demonstrated that GFAP holds great application prospect to be a safe and effective antitumor adjuvant in the future.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Apoptosis. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Irabu, Hitoshi published the artcileClinical significance of serum galactose-deficient IgA1 level in children with IgA nephropathy, Computed Properties of 59-23-4, the main research area is child IgA nephropathy serum galactose deficiency.

This study was aimed at investigating the clin. significance of serum galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) levels measured by a novel lectin-independent ELISA (ELISA) using an anti-Gd-IgA1 monoclonal antibody (KM55) as a disease-specific biomarker for IgA nephropathy (IgAN) in children. Thirty-three children with IgAN, 40 with non-IgA glomerular diseases, and 38 age-matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Serum Gd-IgA1 levels were quantified by ELISA using KM55. Results were statistically compared with clin. features and pathol. findings of IgAN. Serum Gd-IgA1 levels were significantly elevated in children with IgAN compared with children with non-IgA glomerular diseases and HCs. Serum Gd-IgA1 levels in children with IgAN were pos. correlated with serum total IgA levels. However, the serum Gd-IgA1/total IgA ratio (Gd-IgA1/IgA) was also significantly elevated in children with IgAN. Serum Gd-IgA1 levels in children with IgAN increased in an age-dependent manner. The cutoff value of serum Gd-IgA1 levels for differentiating IgAN from non-IgA glomerular diseases was 3236 in children < 12 years and 5284 in children �12 years, resp. In contrast, serum GdIgA1/IgA was age-independent. The cutoff value of serum Gd-IgA1/IgA for differentiating IgAN from non-IgA glomerular diseases was 0.2401. Serum Gd-IgA1 levels were neg. correlated with eGFR and pos. correlated with mesangial IgA deposition. In contrast, serum Gd-IgA1/IgA levels were not correlated with any clin. parameters of IgAN. In conclusion, serum Gd-IgA1 levels were significantly elevated in children with IgAN. However, those levels were age-dependent; therefore, serum Gd-IgA1 levels classified by age and/or serum Gd-IgA1/IgA might have diagnostic values in children with IgAN. Journal of Immunology Research published new progress about Biomarkers. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Computed Properties of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Bagchi, Soumita published the artcileSignificance of serum galactose deficient IgA1 as a potential biomarker for IgA nephropathy: A case control study, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is IgA1 serum galactose IgA nephropathy.

Background: IgA nephropathy(IgAN) is a common glomerular disease with a higher risk of progression to end stage renal disease (ESRD) in certain ethnic populations. Since galactose deficient IgA1(Gd-IgA1) is a critical mol. in its pathogenesis, it has generated interest as a biomarker for this disease. Methods: We measured serum Gd-IgA1 levels using a non- lectin based enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) in 136 immunosuppression naive patients with primary IgAN and 110 controls(60-non IgA glomerular diseases, 50-healthy volunteers). Results: Median serum Gd-IgA1 levels were significantly higher in IgAN patients [13135.6(2723.3,59603.8)ng/mL] compared to those with non IgA glomerular disease [4954.8(892.9,18256.2) ng/mL] and healthy controls [6299.5(1993.2,19256) ng/mL] and this was observed even after log transformation and adjustment for age and gender(p<0.0001). Considering a cut-off value of serum Gd-IGA1 �7982.1ng/mL, the sensitivity for diagnosing IgAN compared to healthy controls was 74.3% and specificity was 72.0% with a pos. predictive value of 87.8% and neg. predictive value of 50.7%. The serum Gd-IgA1 level did not co-relate with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate, urine protein creatinine ratio and the M, E, S, T and C scores on renal biopsy. The renal survival (absence of >30% decrease in eGFR, ESRD or death) was lower in patients with higher serum Gd-IgA1 levels(�982ng/mL) than those who had lower levels but it was not statistically significant(p = 0.486). Conclusion: Serum Gd-IgA1 level is higher in IgAN patients compared to non-IgA glomerular diseases and healthy controls and has a good pos. predictive value for diagnosis. However, it does not correlate with clin. and histol. characteristics of disease severity and does not predict disease progression.

PLoS One published new progress about Biomarkers. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Liu, Di published the artcileImmunoglobulin g n-glycan analysis by ultra-performance liquid chromatography, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Igg n glycan ultra performance liquid chromatog.

Glycomics is a new subspecialty in omics system research that offers significant potential in discovering next-generation biomarkers for disease susceptibility, drug target discovery, and precision medicine. Alternative IgG N-glycans have been reported in several common chronic diseases and suggested to have great potential in clin. applications (i.e., biomarkers for diagnosis and prediction of diseases). IgG N-glycans are widely characterized using the method of hydrophilic interaction chromatog. (HILIC) ultra-performance liquid chromatog. (UPLC). UPLC is a stable detection technol. with good reproducibility and high relative quant. accuracy. In addition, the structure of IgG N-glycan is clearly separated, and glycan composition and relative abundance in plasma are characterized.

Journal of Visualized Experiments published new progress about Biomarkers. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Rasmussen, Shauna A. published the artcileA galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase-null rat model of classic galactosemia mimics relevant patient outcomes and reveals tissue-specific and longitudinal differences in galactose metabolism, Quality Control of 59-23-4, the main research area is GALT mutation cognition galactosemia animal behavior metabolism; GALT; cognitive; galactosemia; metabolite; model; rat.

Classic galactosemia (CG) is a potentially lethal inborn error of metabolism, if untreated, that results from profound deficiency of galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT), the middle enzyme of the Leloir pathway of galactose metabolism While newborn screening and rapid dietary restriction of galactose prevent or resolve the potentially lethal acute symptoms of CG, by mid-childhood, most treated patients experience significant complications. The mechanisms underlying these long-term deficits remain unclear. Here we introduce a new GALT-null rat model of CG and demonstrate that these rats display cataracts, cognitive, motor, and growth phenotypes reminiscent of patients outcomes. We further apply the GALT-null rats to test how well blood biomarkers, typically followed in patients, reflect metabolic perturbations in other, more relevant tissues. Our results document that the relative levels of galactose metabolites seen in GALT deficiency differ widely by tissue and age, and that red blood cell Gal-1P, the marker most commonly followed in patients, shows no significant association with Gal-1P in other tissues. The work reported here establishes our outbred GALT-null rats as an effective model for at least four complications characteristic of CG, and sets the stage for future studies addressing mechanism and testing the efficacy of novel candidate interventions.

Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease published new progress about Biomarkers. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Quality Control of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Maixnerova, Dita published the artcileGalactose-deficient IgA1 and the corresponding IgG autoantibodies predict IgA nephropathy progression, Product Details of C6H12O6, the main research area is galactose deficiency serum IgA nephropathy progression IgG autoantibody.

Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN), the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide, has serious outcomes with end-stage renal disease developing in 30-50% of patients. The diagnosis requires renal biopsy. Due to its inherent risks, non-invasive approaches are needed. Methods: We evaluated 91 Czech patients with biopsy-proven IgAN who were assessed at time of diagnosis for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), proteinuria, microscopic hematuria, and hypertension, and then followed prospectively. Serum samples collected at diagnosis were analyzed for galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) using new native-IgA1 and established neuraminidase-treated-IgA1 tests, Gd-IgA1-specific IgG autoantibodies, discriminant anal. and logistic regression model assessed correlations with renal function and Oxford classification (MEST score). Results: Serum levels of native (P <0.005) and neuraminidase-treated (P <0.005) Gd-IgA1 were associated with the rate of eGFR decline. A higher relative degree of galactose deficiency in native serum IgA1 predicted a faster eGFR decline and poor renal survival (P <0.005). However, Gd-IgA1 has not differentiated patients with low vs. high baseline eGFR. Furthermore, patients with high baseline eGFR that was maintained during follow-up were characterized by low serum levels of Gd-IgA1-specific IgG autoantibodies (P = 0.003). Conclusions: Including levels of native and neuraminidase-treated Gd-IgA1 and Gd-IgA1-specific autoantibodies at diagnosis may aid in the prognostication of disease progression in Czech patients with IgAN. Future tests will assess utility of these biomarkers in larger patients cohorts from geog. distinct areas. PLoS One published new progress about Biomarkers. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Product Details of C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sharma, Mamta published the artcileNovel electrochemical sensing of galactose using GalOxNPs/CHIT modified pencil graphite electrode, Quality Control of 59-23-4, the main research area is galactose oxidase nanoparticle chitosan electrode biosensor galactose baby food; Better; Biosensor; Chitosan; Galactose; Nanoparticle.

For the construction of galactose biosensor, chitosan was electropolymerised onto the pencil graphite electrode. This chitosan modified pencil graphite electrode acts as good matrix for immobilization of enzyme nanoparticles of galactose oxidase. Development of this nanocomposite was further confirmed by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy and SEM. The presence of chitosan makes the present galactose biosensor more efficient, reproducible and stable. The sensitivity was reported 7 × 10-3 mA/mM/cm2 with linear range from 0.05 to 25 mM and better detection limit of 0.05 mM. When the solution of galactose was spiked with 0.5 mM and 1 mM, the anal. recoveries were found 98.6% and 97.6%. A better storage stability was achieved (90days) when compared to earlier reported biosensors.

Carbohydrate Research published new progress about Biosensors. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Quality Control of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts