Category: 59-23-4

Lin, Ximeng published the artcileAn alkali-extracted polysaccharide from Zizyphus jujuba cv. Muzao: Structural characterizations and antioxidant activities, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Zizyphus fruit acidic polysaccharide antioxidant; Acidic polysaccharide; Alkaline extraction; Antioxidant activities; Structural characterization; Ziziphus jujuba cv, Muzao.

An acidic polysaccharide (SAZMP3) was isolated from jujube fruit residues by alk. extraction and purified with DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300 column chromatog. The structural characterizations of SAZMP3 were determined by high-performance gelpermeation chromatog., gas chromatog., Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, methylation anal., NMR spectroscopy, SEM, and at. force microscopy. The results determined SAZMP3 was an acidic polysaccharide mainly contained rhamnose, galactose, and galacturonic acid with a mol. weight of 9.37 kDa and its backbone might mainly be composed of 1,4-α-D-GalAp with side chains of 1,3-β-D-Galp, 1,3,5-linked Araf, 1,2,4-α-L-Rhap and terminals of 1-linked Araf, 1-linked Rhap, 1-linked Galp by methylation and NMR anal. Besides, SAZMP3 has shown potential antioxidant activity in scavenging free radicals suggesting that it is an antioxidant agent, which might contribute to the functional food qualities of jujube fruit.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Carbohydrates Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Fan, Ruiyi published the artcileStructural elucidation of an acidic polysaccharide from Citrus grandis ‘Tomentosa’ and its anti-proliferative effects on LOVO and SW620 cells, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Citrus colon cancer cell acidic polysaccharide antiproliferative; Anticancer activity; Chemical structure; NMR.

Citrus grandis ‘Tomentosa’ (CGT) which is a region-famous medicinal and edible plant contains plentiful bioactive polysaccharides, however, its chem. structures and specific bioactivities still need to be further explored. In the present study, an acidic polysaccharide (CGTP-AP) was extracted and purified from the pulps of CGT. The structure elucidation and anti-cancer activity of CGTP-AP were investigated. Structure characterization indicated that CGTP-AP was a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide composed of arabinose, galactose and galacturonic acid in a molar ratio of 2.45:1:2.77, with an average mol. weight of 2721.68 kDa. Partial acid hydrolysis, methylation and NMR spectrometry revealed that the backbone of CGTP-AP mainly composed of (1 → 4)-α-D-galacturonan, while the branch principally consisted of (1 → 5)-α-L-Araf. In addition, CGTP-AP exhibited effective anti-proliferation against colon cancer cells LOVO and SW620 cells in dose- and time-dependent manners, with IC50 values of 5.55, 4.35 and 3.52 mg mL-1 after 24, 48 and 72 h, and 5.33, 3.63 and 2.97 mg mL-1 after 24, 48 and 72 h, resp. This study indicated that CGTP-AP might be utilized as a promising food supplement for the patients of colon disorders.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Cell proliferation. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Hu, Dongwen published the artcilePolysaccharide from Mulberry Fruit (Morus alba L.) Protects against Palmitic-Acid-Induced Hepatocyte Lipotoxicity by Activating the Nrf2/ARE Signaling Pathway, COA of Formula: C6H12O6, the main research area is mulberry fruit polysaccharide lipotoxicity oxidative stress signaling pathway; Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway; lipotoxicity; mulberry fruit; oxidative stress; palmitic acid; polysaccharide.

This study was aimed to investigate the protective effects of three different mulberry fruit polysaccharide fractions (MFP-I, MFP-II, and MFP-III) against palmitic acid (PA)-induced hepatocyte lipotoxicity and characterize the functional polysaccharide fraction using gel permeation chromatog., high-performance liquid chromatog., Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, and NMR analyses. MFP-I, MFP-II, and MFP-III were isolated from mulberry fruit by stepwise precipitation with 30, 60, and 90% ethanol, resp. MFP-II at 0.1 and 0.2 mg/mL dramatically attenuated PA-induced hepatic lipotoxicity, while MFP-I and MFP-III showed weak protection. It was demonstrated that MFP-II not only increased nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation, thereby activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, but also enhanced heme oxygenase 1, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1, and γ-glutamate cysteine ligase gene expressions and promoted catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities, which protected hepatocytes against PA-induced oxidative stress and lipotoxicity. Further investigation indicated that the mol. weight of MFP-II was 115.0 kDa, and MFP-II mainly consisted of galactose (30.5%), arabinose (26.2%), and rhamnose (23.1%). Overall, our research might provide in-depth insight into mulberry fruit polysaccharide in ameliorating lipid metabolic disorders.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry published new progress about Lipid metabolism disorders Role: BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, COA of Formula: C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Flynn, Ryan A. published the artcileSmall RNAs are modified with N-glycans and displayed on the surface of living cells, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is small noncoding RNA N glycan glycoRNA Siglec receptor; RNA biology; glycoRNA; glycobiology; siglec; small RNAs.

Glycans modify lipids and proteins to mediate inter- and intramol. interactions across all domains of life. RNA is not thought to be a major target of glycosylation. Here, we challenge this view with evidence that mammals use RNA as a third scaffold for glycosylation. Using a battery of chem. and biochem. approaches, we found that conserved small noncoding RNAs bear sialylated glycans. These “”glycoRNAs”” were present in multiple cell types and mammalian species, in cultured cells, and in vivo. GlycoRNA assembly depends on canonical N-glycan biosynthetic machinery and results in structures enriched in sialic acid and fucose. Anal. of living cells revealed that the majority of glycoRNAs were present on the cell surface and can interact with anti-dsRNA antibodies and members of the Siglec receptor family. Collectively, these findings suggest the existence of a direct interface between RNA biol. and glycobiol., and an expanded role for RNA in extracellular biol.

Cell (Cambridge, MA, United States) published new progress about 28S rRNA Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), PRP (Properties), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Kutlu, Gozde published the artcileExtraction of a novel water-soluble gum from nettle (Urtica dioica) seeds: Optimization and characterization, Computed Properties of 59-23-4, the main research area is Urtica seed gum physicochem rheol property food formulation; Galactomannan; Nettle gum; Response Surface Methodology.

Nettle seed gum (NSG) which is a novel potential source of hydrocolloid was characterized in terms of yield, physicochem., rheol., functional and thermal properties. According to Response Surface Methodol., the maximum extraction yield was determined as 6.17% on dry basis. In order to clarify the structural information of the gum, the FT-IR anal. and monosaccharide composition determination were performed. In the results, the NSG had 8.48% moisture, 10.81% total ash, 2.89% total protein, 1.15% total oil and 76.67% total carbohydrate. The FT-IR anal. revealed the existence of carboxyl groups, which gives the gum the capability of ion binding. Furthermore, Mannose/Galactose ratio was calculated as 1.07, indicating the water solubility of gum. DSC anal. showed that the NSG was highly stable in thermal process. Intrinsic viscosity, average viscosity and mol. weight values were determined as 8.56 ± 0.4 dL/g and 1.89 ± 0.1 x 106 g/mol, resp. The emulsification capacity, emulsion stability and foam formation capacity of the NSG were 48%, 40% and 4%, resp. The NSG exhibited shear thinning behavior while dynamic rheol. anal. indicated the NSG had viscoelastic properties and G′ (the storage modulus) was higher than G′′ (the loss modulus). In conclusion, the present study supplied novel knowledge on the NSG, which will be inestimable for clarifying its matchless functional properties.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Emulsification. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Computed Properties of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Chang published the artcileLoss of the Golgi Matrix Protein 130 Cause Aberrant IgA1 Glycosylation in IgA Nephropathy, Product Details of C6H12O6, the main research area is IgA1 glycosylation GM130 chronic kidney disease nephropathy; Glycosylate deficiency IgA1; Golgi matrix protein 130; IgA nephropathy; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Tonsillar lymphocyte.

Aberrant O-glycosylation IgA1 production is a major factor in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. IgA1 glycosylation modification is in Golgi, and downregulation of the Golgi peripheral membrane protein Golgi matrix protein 130 (GM130) could lead to glycosylation deficiency. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of GM130 in glycosylate deficiency IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) production We enrolled 27 IgA nephropathy patients, 12 patients with chronic tonsillitis, 15 non-IgAN chronic kidney disease patients, and 15 healthy volunteers as healthy control. We explored GM130 expression in Tonsillar tissue by immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting and expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by flow cytometry. The concentration of IgA1 and level of O-glycosylation were determined by ELISA and Vicia Villosa lectin-binding assay. Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to analyze the levels of β1,3-Gal transferase (C1GALT1) and ST6GalNAC2, resp. To explore the contribution of GM130 in IgA1 O-glycosylation modification, cells were subjected to experiments for evaluation of GM130 silencing by GM130-siRNA transfection. GM130 expression was significantly decreased in tonsil tissues and PBMC of IgAN patients; the expression of C1GALT1 decreased and Gd-IgA1 level increased significantly in patients with IgAN patients. The expression of GM130 was neg. related to Gd-IgA1 production By siRNA transfection, our results clearly indicated that the downregulation of GM130 can increase IgA1 O-glycosylation deficiency, which is thought to reduce C1GALT1 expression but not affect the expression of ST6GalNAC2. We identified and demonstrated that GM130 plays an important role in IgA1 O-glycans deficiency in IgAN patients, by neg. regulating C1GALT1 expression. We believe that this finding will provide theor. foundations for a new mechanism of Gd-IgA1 production in IgAN patients.

American Journal of Nephrology published new progress about CD19 antigens Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Product Details of C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wei, Enwei published the artcileMicrowave-assisted extraction releases the antioxidant polysaccharides from seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) berries, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Hippophae berry antioxidant polysaccharide microwave assisted extraction; Antioxidant activity; Microwave power; Microwave-assisted extraction; Polysaccharide; Seabuckthorn berries.

Seabuckthorn berries are rich in various bioactive components and used as a traditional medicine for a long time. Until now, little information is available for the extraction of polysaccharides from seabuckthorn berries (PSB) by linking antioxidant activity and microwave power. In this study, microwave-assisted extraction, characterization, in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of PSB were explored. The maximum PSB extraction yield of 0.264 ± 0.005% was obtained under the optimal conditions as follows: microwave power 600 W, extraction time 6 min, liquid to material ratio 10: 1 mL/g, and extraction temperature 85 °C. Meanwhile, effects of microwave power on antioxidant activity of PSB was investigated and found that microwave at power of 600 W can facilitate the release of antioxidant PSB in a high yield. The main monosaccharides of PSB were Rha, Man, Glu, and Gal at a molar ratio of 1.00: 6.89: 1.62: 13.52, UV and FT-IR anal. coupled with mol. weight determination further indicated that PSB is a polydisperse polysaccharide. Moreover, PSB obtained under the optimal conditions equally exerted in vivo antioxidant activity through decreasing malonaldehyde and protein carbonyls and increasing superoxide dismutase and glutathione.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Hippophae rhamnoides. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Liu, Ying published the artcileEffects of freeze drying and hot-air drying on the physicochemical properties and bioactivities of polysaccharides from Lentinula edodes, Application In Synthesis of 59-23-4, the main research area is freeze hot air drying polysaccharide Lentinula edodes; Characterization; Drying; Immunomodulatory; Lentinula edodes; Polysaccharides.

Fresh Lentinula edodes were dried using two process technologies-freeze drying (FD) and hot-air drying (HD). The physicochem., antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties of purified polysaccharides from dried L. edodes (LEP) were then comparatively investigated. Two neutral polysaccharides (FLEP-1 and HLEP-1) and two acidic polysaccharides (FLEP-2 and HLEP-2) were obtained by DEAE-52 cellulose column. The HD treated LEP had higher levels of uronic acid than that of the FD treated LEP. The molar ratios of monosaccharides in FLEP-1, FLEP-2, HLEP-1 and HLEP-2 were different. Moreover, HD treated LEP had more galactose and less glucose. The (1 → 3)-α-glucan structure was dominant in the two neutral polysaccharides, whereas the (1 → 6)-β-glucan was dominant in the two acidic polysaccharides. Hot-air drying could thus promote the α-configuration in neutral polysaccharides while reducing the β-configuration in acidic polysaccharides. FLEP-1, FLEP-2, HLEP-1 and HLEP-2 had potential scavenging capacity against the ABTS·+, whereas freeze-dried polysaccharides exhibited a stronger scavenging ability than that of hot-air dried polysaccharide. LEP could improve immunity by inducing the secretions of NO, TNF-α and IL-6, whereas hot-air drying improved the immunomodulatory activity of LEP. Our results suggested that freeze drying and hot air drying could be appropriately used to obtain functional polysaccharides from L. edodes.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Acidic polysaccharides Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study) (HLEP-2). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Application In Synthesis of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Diaz-Galvez, Kevin R. published the artcileSpecific capture of glycosylated graphene oxide by an asialoglycoprotein receptor: a strategic approach for liver-targeting, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is hepatic cancer glycosylated graphene oxide asialoglycoprotein receptor.

In this work, we report the evaluation of lactosylated graphene oxide (GO-AL) as a potential drug carrier targeted at an asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) from hepatic cancer cells. Structural-modification, safety evaluation, and functional anal. of GO-AL were performed. Safe application of GO-AL, an evaluation of the cytotoxic effect, hemolytic properties, and specific interactions of the glycoconjugate were also studied. SEM and AFM anal. of the GO showed graphene sheets with a layer size of 2-3 nm, though a few of them reached 4 nm. The Raman spectra presented characteristic peaks of graphene oxide at 1608 cm-1 and 1350 cm-1, corresponding to G and D bands, resp. Besides, Si-O peaks for the APTES conjugates of GO were identified by FTIR spectroscopy. No cytotoxic or hemolytic effects were observed for GO samples, thus proving their biocompatibility. The interaction of Ricinus communis lectin confirmed that GO-AL has a biorecognition capability and an exposed galactose structure. This biorecognition capability was accompanied by the determination of the specific absorption of lactosylated GO by HepG2 cells mediated through the asialoglycoprotein receptor. The successful conjugation, hemolytic safety, and specific recognition described here for lactosylated GO indicate its promise as an efficient drug-delivery vehicle to hepatic tissue.

RSC Advances published new progress about Biocompatibility. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zeng, Li published the artcileL-Theanine attenuates liver aging by inhibiting advanced glycation end products in D-galactose-induced rats and reversing an imbalance of oxidative stress and inflammation, Safety of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is liver aging inflammation oxidative stress levo theanine dextro galactose; AGEs; Inflammatory response; Liver aging; Oxidative stress; l-Theanine.

Redox and inflammation imbalances are associated with increased levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), leading to the degeneration of body function. L-Theanine, derived from tea, reportedly inhibits AGE formation in vitro. We investigated the effects on AGE content, oxidative stress, and inflammatory factors in D-galactose-induced aging rats for prevention and treatment of age-related liver dysfunction. L-Theanine increased activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, thus enhancing total antioxidant capacity, and decreasing malondialdehyde and nitric oxide synthase levels in serum and liver. Levels of the pro-inflammatory factors, interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and IL-6 were decreased in serum and liver, whereas those of anti-inflammatory factors, IL-4 and IL-10, were increased in the serum. Further, L-theanine inhibited AGE production and decreased the levels of the liver function markers, alanine aminotransaminase and aspartate aminotransferase. It also significantly increased the mRNA expression levels of FoxO1 and downregulated NF-κB(p65) but suppressed the phosphorylation of both FOXO1 and NF-κB (p65). Moreover, L-theanine effectively attenuated D-galactose-induced edema and vacuole formation, thus protecting the liver. Overall, L-theanine reversed the D-galactose-induced imbalance in oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, reduced AGEs content in aging rats, maintained homeostasis in the body, and ameliorated liver aging.

Experimental Gerontology published new progress about Aging, animal. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Safety of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts