Category: 59-23-4

Gao, Xiong published the artcileStructural characterization and immunomodulatory activity of a water-soluble polysaccharide from Ganoderma leucocontextum fruiting bodies, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is water soluble polysaccharide Ganoderma fruiting body; Ganoderma leucocontextum; Immunostimulatory activity; Polysaccharide; Structure; Toll-like receptor 2.

Ganoderma leucocontextum is a new species of Ganoderma discovered in 2014. Up to now, the structural characteristics and immunoregulatory activity of its polysaccharides remain virtually unknown. In this study, a water-soluble polysaccharide termed, GLP-3, was purified from G. leucocontextum by ultrafiltration and column chromatog. The results revealed that GLP-3 mainly consisted of glucose (92.7%) and its weight average mol. weight was 159.7 kDa. The structural anal. indicated that the backbone of GLP-3 was →4-α-D-Glcp-(1→4,6)-β-D-Glcp-1→ with a β-Glcp-1→ branch. Atomic force microscopy and Congo red experiments revealed that GLP-3 might possess a globular structure with triple-helix conformation in water. Moreover, GLP-3 was recognized by toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and exerted immunomodulatory effects via activating mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Collectively, these results suggested that GLP-3 could be developed as a potential functional food ingredient for immunomodulation.

Carbohydrate Polymers published new progress about Carbohydrates Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Mutaillifu, Paiheerding published the artcileStructural characterization and antioxidant activities of a water soluble polysaccharide isolated from Glycyrrhiza glabra, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is Glycyrrhiza GPN polysaccharide antioxidant activity glycosidic bond water solubility; 1,4-Linked α-D-Glcp; Antioxidant activity; Glycyrrhiza glabra; Water soluble polysaccharide.

A water-soluble polysaccharide, named GPN, with mol. mass 38.7 kDa was isolated from Glycyrrhiza glabra with hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation, and purified by column chromatog. Monosaccharide composition anal. confirmed the presence of predominant glucose (98.03%) and trace amount of mannose, arabinose, and galactose. Methylation and GC-MS anal. revealed that the main glycosidic bonds in GPN comprised 1,4-linked Glcp, T-linked Glcp, 1,4,6-linked Glcp, and 1,6-linked Glcp. Based on these results and 1D/2D NMR spectroscopy, GPN has a linear backbone of 1,4-linked α-D-Glcp and 1,6-linked α-D-Glcp which substituted at C-4 of glucose. The side chain probably composed from 1,4-linked to main side α-D-Glcp and terminal 1-linked β-D-Glcp to the C-3 of D residue. Congo red assay confirmed the existence of triple helix structure. Moreover, SEM and XRD anal. revealed that the GPN had irregular fibrous, filaments like surface; and both crystalline and amorphous structure. GPN also displayed favorable thermal stability. Moreover, G.glabra polysaccharide showed good antioxidant activity.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Carbohydrates Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhang, Bo published the artcileEndogenous calcium attenuates the immunomodulatory activity of a polysaccharide from Lycium barbarum L. leaves by altering the global molecular conformation, Computed Properties of 59-23-4, the main research area is Lycium leaf macrophage calcium heteropolysaccharide immunomodulation; Conformation; FTIR; Goji; Macrophage; Mannose; Uronic acid.

A heteropolysaccharide, LP5, was purified from Lycium barbarum L. leaves. It was identified as a calcium-rich polysaccharide (8.6 mg calcium/g) with a mol. weight of 2.50 × 105 Da. The polysaccharide was composed of six kinds of monosaccharides, of which mannose and xylose are the main components. And it contains 16.37% glucuronic acid. Studies on RAW264.7 cells demonstrated that this polysaccharide exhibited potent immunomodulatory activity, including an increase in phagocytic activity, as well as the release of both nitric oxide and cytokines. However, after the depletion of calcium, the polysaccharide exhibited greater immunomodulatory activity (p < 0.05). Further conformation anal. confirmed that the polysaccharide changed from a compact spherical conformation to a random coil structure in aqueous solution after the depletion of calcium, which resulted in increased immunomodulatory activity by LP5. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Carbohydrates Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Computed Properties of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Park, Hye-Ryung published the artcileSignaling pathway and structural features of macrophage-activating pectic polysaccharide from Korean citrus, Cheongkyool peels, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Cheongkyool peel macrophage pectic polysaccharide signaling; Cheongkyool; MAPK; NF-κB; Polysaccharide; Rhamnogalacturonan-I.

To characterize the immuno-stimulating ingredient from the Korean citrus, Cheongkyool, a crude polysaccharide (CCE-0) was isolated from the pectinase digests of Cheongkyool peels, from which the complex polysaccharide CCE-I was purified to homogeneity by gel filtration. CCE-I highly enhanced the production of IL-6, TNF-α, and NO in RAW 264.7 cell lines. It augmented the mRNA expression of IL-6, TNF-α, and iNOS in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, CCE-I dose-dependently induced phosphorylation of MAPKs and NF-κB related proteins and led to the nuclear translocation of p65. The effect of CCE-I on NO and IL-6 production was suppressed by treatment with specific antibodies for TLR2, TLR4, and scavenger receptors. Conversely, the primary structure of CCE-I that exhibited potent immunostimulatory activity was characterized by sugar composition, linkage anal., and oligosaccharide anal. after β-elimination. The results suggested that CCE-I may be a rhamnogalacturonan-I type, highly branched polysaccharide with short arabinan and galactan side chains.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about CD14 antigens Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhu, Jiangxiong published the artcileComparison and structural characterization of polysaccharides from natural and artificial Se-enriched green tea, HPLC of Formula: 59-23-4, the main research area is green tea leaf polysaccharide selenium; Artificial Se-enriched tea polysaccharides; Characterization; Natural Se-enriched tea polysaccharides.

Se-enriched green tea has been widely used as a functional food and disease prevention. In this study, two kinds of homogeneous polysaccharides namely ASe-TPS2 and NSe-TPS2 were obtained from artificial and natural Se-enriched teas with the mol. weights of 6.73 × 103 Da and 2.44 × 105 Da. The structures of ASe-TPS2 and NSe-TPS2 were characterized by monosaccharide composition anal., partial acid hydrolysis, methylation, FT-IR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, SEM and TGA anal. It showed that ASe-TPS2 and NSe-TPS2 were acidic polysaccharides containing high amount of uronic acid. The structure of the ASe-TPS2 was mainly composed of β-D-(1 → 3)-Glcp, α-D-(1 → 4)-GalpA, (1 → 4)-Glcp, α-L-(1 → 2)-Rhap and α-D-(1 → 4)-GalpA, and the non-reducing ends were mainly composed of Araf and Xylp. However, the NSe-TPS2 was mainly composed of β-D-(1 → 4)-Glcp and α-D-(1 → 4)-GalpA, and the branches were mainly composed of β-L-(1 → 2)-Araf, α-D-(1 → 3)-Galp and β-L-(1 → 2)-Rhap whereas the non-reducing ends were mainly composed of Glcp and Galp residues. These results suggested that the distinction of selenylation methods could present different polysaccharide chain structures.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Glycoproteins Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, HPLC of Formula: 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhu, Jiangxiong published the artcileComparative analysis of existence form for selenium and structural characteristics in artificial selenium-enriched and synthetic selenized green tea polysaccharides, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is artificial selenium enriched green tea polysaccharide; Artificial selenium-enriched tea polysaccharides; Structure characteristics; The form with selenium.

This study aimed to investigate the activity, structural characterization and present forms of selenium in two different artificial selenium-enriched tea polysaccharides (Se-TPS). The physicochem. anal. showed that both CSe-tps1 and ASe-tps1 were acidic heteropolysaccharides with different monosaccharide composition, molar ratio, and selenium content. Structural investigations including FT-IR, Raman spectra and 1D, 2D NMR anal. revealed that selenium in CSe-tps1 replaced the hydroxyl group at the C-6 position in the polysaccharide with the form of selenyl ester, while most of the selenium in ASe-tps1 replaced the hydroxyl group at the C-1 and C-6 position in the form of the Se-H bond on the branch of the polysaccharide. Besides, a series of studies on the structural characteristics of the Congo red test, I2-KI reaction, FESEM, DSC, and XRD anal. showed that the two artificial Se-TPSs had a triple helix structure and more branches. However, there were significant differences in crystal morphol., apparent morphol., heat release ability, and the α-glucosidase inhibition activity. These results indicated that the difference in artificial selenization methods not only made the polysaccharide exhibit different structural characteristics and the hypoglycemic activity, but also had a significant effect on the form of selenium in polysaccharides.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Carbohydrates Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Song, Qianqian published the artcilePhysicochemical and functional properties of a water-soluble polysaccharide extracted from Mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) and its antioxidant activity, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Vigna water soluble polysaccharide hydration oil holding capacity antioxidant; Antioxidant; Functional properties; Mung bean; Physicochemical characterization; Polysaccharide.

A water-soluble polysaccharide (MBP-1) was isolated from Mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) and its physicochem. characterization, functional properties, and antioxidant activity was investigated. Chem. anal. revealed that the contents of carbohydrate, uronic acid, and protein were 33.05 ± 0.10%, 25.83 ± 0.04%, and 3.17 ± 0.36%, resp. The mol. weight (Mw) of MBP-1 was 146.22 kDa and it was consist of arabinose (Ara), glucose (Glc), xylose (Xyl), galactose (Gal), and galacturonic acid (GlcA) in a molar ratio of 0.94:0.37:0.33:0.13:5.99. The results of X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and thermal gravimetric anal. (TGA) indicated MBP-1 was semi-crystalline material with better thermal stability. MBP-1 exhibited good hydration properties and oil holding capacity. In addition, the antioxidant assay results showed MBP-1 had high 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazylradical (DPPH) and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities with concentration for 50% of maximal effect (EC50) of 1.59 and 0.51 mg/mL. Overall, these results indicated that MBP-1 presents a promising natural source of food additive or antioxidant.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Carbohydrates Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Xiaojiang published the artcileExtraction, isolation and structural characterization of a novel polysaccharide from Cyclocarya paliurus, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Cyclocarya pectin polysaccharide physicochem property; Cyclocarya paliurus; Highly-branched polysaccharide; Mass spectrometry; Oligosaccharide sequence; Structural characterization.

A water soluble polysaccharide CP-III was extracted and purified from Cyclocarya paliurus. CP-III is identified as a novel pectin-like polysaccharide with mol. weight (Mw) of 72.7 kDa. The structural features of CP-III were characterized by methylation and NMR (NMR) spectroscopy. Its depolymerized fragments were analyzed by hydrophilic interaction chromatog.-Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HILIC-FTMS). The main chain of CP-III is composed of →4)GalAp(α1 → and →2)Rhap(α1 → 4)GalAp(α1→, repeatedly. The residue of →4)Galp(β1 → and →5)Araf(α1 → alternately exists on the O-4 of partial →2)Rhap(α1 → residues as side chains. On the O-3 of sectional →5)Araf(α1 → residues is a secondary branch assembled by →3)Araf(α1→. Moreover, on the non-reducing terminus of →4)Galp(β1 → occasionally have an →5)Araf(α1 → chain. Surprisingly, a sub-branch constructed by →6)Hexp(β1 → with a galacturonate or Me galacturonate exists on the O-3 of certain →4)Galp(β1 → residues in the non-reducing terminus. In addition, a terminal Xyl is located on the O-3 of fractional →4)GalAp(β1 → residue. The highly branched polysaccharide CP-III with high water solubility can be used as food supplement and medicinal carrier in the future.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Carbohydrates Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Min, Wei-Hong published the artcileCharacterization and antioxidant activity of an acidic exopolysaccharide from Lactobacillus plantarum JLAU103, HPLC of Formula: 59-23-4, the main research area is Lactobacillus exopolysaccharide antioxidant oxygen radical absorbance capacity; Antioxidant activity; Exopolysaccharide; Lactobacillus plantarum; Oxygen radical absorbance capacity; Purification.

An acidic exopolysaccharide (EPS) designated as EPS103 was isolated, purified and characterized from Lactobacillus plantarum JLAU103. EPS103 had a relatively lower mol. weight of 12.4 KDa and was consisted of arabinose, rhamnose, fucose, xylose, mannose, fructose, galactose, and glucose in an approx. molar ratio of 4.05: 6.04: 6.29: 5.22: 1.47: 5.21: 2.24: 1.83. A specific spectrogram of acidic polysaccharide was obtained by FT-IR anal., and both α- and β-type configurations were presented in EPS103 based on the NMR spectroscopy. Microstructural anal. of EPS103 demonstrated a smooth and glittering cube structure, and presence of many homogeneous rod-shaped lumps. Comprehensive study of in vitro antioxidant activity indicated that EPS103 possess strong scavenging abilities against hydroxyl, ABTS, and DPPH radicals with the maximum of 80.4%, 65.5%, and 60.5%, resp., at 10 mg/mL concentration Furthermore, EPS103 also showed strong ferrous ions chelating activity and oxygen radical absorbance capacity. These results together indicated that the EPS103 isolated from L. plantarum JLAU103 has great potential for use as a natural antioxidant or functional additive in foods industry.

Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering published new progress about Carbohydrates Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, HPLC of Formula: 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Hua, Mei published the artcileStructure, physicochemical properties and adsorption function of insoluble dietary fiber from ginseng residue: A potential functional ingredient, Application In Synthesis of 59-23-4, the main research area is insoluble dietary fiber ginseng residue adsorption; Adsorption function; Composition; Ginseng residues; Insoluble dietary fiber; Physicochemical properties; Structure.

The insoluble dietary fiber from ginseng residue (ginseng-IDF) was extracted using the AOAC (Association of Official Anal. Chemists) method with content of 68.61%. Ginseng-IDF had a polysaccharide content of 18.87%, uronic acid content of 7.85%, protein content of 6.52%, and had ideal water-holding capacity (17.66 g/g), swelling ability (15.05 mL/g), and oil-holding capacity (1.78 g/g). Scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analyses suggested that ginseng-IDF had the typical structures of hydrolysis fiber, polysaccharide functional groups, and crystal structure of cellulose. Different fiber components give ginseng-IDF a specified range of pyrolysis temperature, and it is suitable for application in food processing lower than 300 °C. In addition, ginseng-IDF exhibited notable glucose and sodium cholate adsorption, significantly improved nitrite adsorption at pH 2.0 and cholesterol adsorption at pH 7.0. The above results show that ginseng-IDF could be used as an ideal functional ingredient in food processing.

Food Chemistry published new progress about Carbohydrates Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Application In Synthesis of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts