Category: 59-23-4

Zhu, Rugang published the artcilePectin oligosaccharides from fruit of Actinidia arguta: Structure-activity relationship of prebiotic and antiglycation potentials, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is Actinidia fruit pectin oligosaccharide prebiotic antiglycation; Actinidia arguta; Antiglycation activity; Pectin oligosaccharides; Prebiotic activity; Structure-activity relationship.

Pectin oligosaccharides (POSs) have prebiotic and antiglycation activities in vitro, but the specific structure-activity relationship is unclear. In this study, POSs were obtained by enzymic and ultrasound-assisted enzymic degradation of pectin polysaccharide (PPS), resp. Based on the chem. characterization, the antiglycation in vitro and prebiotic activities of POSs were compared and the structure-activity relationship was studied. The results showed that the antiglycation activity of POSs in vitro was proportional to the galacturonic acid content and GalA:Rha molar ratios except for the low mol. weight POSs (LM-POSs), and inversely proportional to its branching degree, such as Ara:Rha and Gal:Rha molar ratios. In addition, it was also found that the prebiotic activity of POSs was pos. correlated with Ara:Rha and Gal:Rha molar ratios in mol. composition and the neutral sugar content, especially galactose and arabinose. The degree of esterification (DE) was less important for both antiglycation and prebiotic activity of POSs. These results provided an important theor. basis for POSs application in food.

Carbohydrate Polymers published new progress about Actinidia arguta. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Nifei published the artcileStructural characterisation and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides from white asparagus skin, Computed Properties of 59-23-4, the main research area is immunomodulatory polysaccharide asparagus skin; Immunomodulatory; NMR; Pectin; Polysaccharide; Structure; White asparagus skin.

The physicochem. properties, structural features and immunomodulatory effects of the white asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) skin polysaccharides (WASP) were systematically studied. WASP showed a pectic-like structure with a relatively low degree of esterification (DE, 18%); the weight-average mol. weight (Mw) and intrinsic viscosity were 76.1 kDa and 13 mL/g, resp. Structurally, the dominated sugar residue of WASP was 4-α-D-GalpA (39.7 mol%), while other residues including α-L-Araf, 3-α-L-Rhap, 2,4-α-L-Rhap, and 4-β-D-Galp were also detected with a comparable amount A proposed structure of WASP was also presented. Physiol., WASP could modulate the immune response of RAW 264.7 macrophages through increasing the release of immune factors (IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10) and improving the expression of mRNA. To conclude, the pectic-like polysaccharides from white asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) skin could be potentially used as an immunomodulatory agent in functional food.

Carbohydrate Polymers published new progress about Asparagus (white). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Computed Properties of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Huang, Zhi published the artcileA novel polysaccharide from the roots of Millettia Speciosa Champ: preparation, structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity, Computed Properties of 59-23-4, the main research area is Millettia root polysaccharide fucose arabinose galactose pinocytosis; Immunomodulatory activity; Millettia Speciosa champ polysaccharide; Structural characterization.

A novel polysaccharide fraction (MSCP2) was extracted and isolated from the roots of Millettia Speciosa Champ. Structural characterization revealed that MSCP2 had an average mol. weight of 2.85 × 104 Da and was composed of fucose, arabinose, galactose, glucose and xylose with a ratio of 2.20: 2.52: 4.04: 87.29: 3.96. Methylation anal. and NMR (NMR) anal. showed that the main glycosidic linkage types of MSCP2 were proved to be α-D-Glcp-(1→, →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →4)-α-D-Xylp-(1→, →6)-α-D-Galp-(1→, α-L-Araf-(1→, →3,4)-β-L-Fucp-(1→) and →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→). The immunomodulatory assay suggested that MSCP2 could significantly improve the pinocytic capacity and increase the secretion of nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines by regulating the corresponding mRNA expression in RAW 264.7 cells. The data from the membrane receptor assay demonstrated that the potential mechanisms of MSCP2-induced macrophage activation were mainly through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), scavenger receptor type A (SRA) and glucan receptor (GR)-mediated signaling pathways. These results suggested that MSCP2 can be developed as a promising immunomodulatory agent in functional foods.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Callerya speciosa. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Computed Properties of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Hao, Huili published the artcileStructural characterization and immunostimulatory activity of a novel polysaccharide from green alga Caulerpa racemosa var peltata, Safety of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Caulerpa galacturonic acid polysaccharide immunostimulant; Caulerpa racemosa var peltata; Immunostimulatory activity; Polysaccharide; Structural characteristics.

A novel water-soluble polysaccharide (named CRVP-1) was successfully obtained from Caulerpa racemosa var peltata by hot-water extraction, ethanol precipitation, and column chromatog. The structure of CRVP-1 was characterized by HPGPC, HPAEC-PAD, FT-IR, GC-MS and NMR. The structural anal. indicated that CRVP-1 possessed a sulfate content of 25.8% ± 0.7% and was a heteropolysaccharide with an average mol. weight of 29.68 kDa, and composed of mannose, galactose, glucose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid with rates of 92.1%, 2.9%, 1.8%, 1.7% and 1.2%, resp., owning a backbone structure of (1-6)-linked a-D-Manp residues with (1-4)-linked a-D-Manp and (1-2)-linked a-D-Manp residues and side chain that was consisted of (1-4)-linked b-D-Galp residues. The immunostimulatory assay revealed that CRVP-1 had significant effects on the proliferation of macrophage, production of NO and secretion of cytokines (TNF-a, IL-1b and IL-6). These findings provide a scientific basis for further utilization of polysaccharides from C. racemosa var peltata.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Caulerpa racemosa. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Safety of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Coff, Lachlan published the artcileIdentifying glycan motifs using a novel subtree mining approach, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is glycan motif subtree mining algorithm; Carbohydrate; Frequent subtree mining; Glycan; Glycobiology; Machine learning; Microarray; Motif.

Glycans are complex sugar chains, crucial to many biol. processes. By participating in binding interactions with proteins, glycans often play key roles in host-pathogen interactions. The specificities of glycan-binding proteins, such as lectins and antibodies, are governed by motifs within larger glycan structures, and improved characterisations of these determinants would aid research into human diseases. Identification of motifs has previously been approached as a frequent subtree mining problem, and we extend these approaches with a glycan notation that allows recognition of terminal motifs. In this work, we customised a frequent subtree mining approach by altering the glycan notation to include information on terminal connections. This allows specific identification of terminal residues as potential motifs, better capturing the complexity of glycan-binding interactions. We achieved this by including addnl. nodes in a graph representation of the glycan structure to indicate the presence or absence of a linkage at particular backbone carbon positions. Combining this frequent subtree mining approach with a state-of-the-art feature selection algorithm termed min.-redundancy, maximum-relevance (mRMR), we have generated a classification pipeline that is trained on data from a glycan microarray. When applied to a set of commonly used lectins, the identified motifs were consistent with known binding determinants. Furthermore, logistic regression classifiers trained using these motifs performed well across most lectins examined, with a median AUC value of 0.89. We present here a new subtree mining approach for the classification of glycan binding and identification of potential binding motifs. The Carbohydrate Classification Accounting for Restricted Linkages (CCARL) method will assist in the interpretation of glycan microarray experiments and will aid in the discovery of novel binding motifs for further exptl. characterization.

BMC Bioinformatics published new progress about Agaricus bisporus. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Feng, Yuqin published the artcileRecent advances in Agaricus bisporus polysaccharides: Extraction, purification, physicochemical characterization and bioactivities, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is review Agaricus polysaccharide galactose extraction physicochem property food composition.

Agaricus bisporus (A. bisporus), known as a cultivated mushroom or button mushroom, is a very important edible and medicinal basidiomycete fungus. The numerous health benefits of A. bisporus may be related to their polysaccharides, which have significant dietary value and bioactivity, including immunity stimulation and high antioxidant, anticancer, hepatoprotection, anti-inflammation and anti-obesity functions. In general, the extraction method of A. bisporus polysaccharides (ABPs) is relatively simple, and the yield from enzyme-assisted extraction is the highest among various extraction methods. The monosaccharide composition anal. revealed that ABPs mainly consist of glucose, galactose, fucose and xylose, which each have a backbone composed of (1→6)- and (1→4)-linked α-glucan or alternating (1→4)- and (1→6)-linked β-glucan. The biol. activity of ABPs may vary significantly depending on their source, composition, structural properties, and purity, and it is highly correlated with mol. weight (MW) and the monosaccharide components. Therefore, this review aims to introduce the extraction methods, chem. structure, and biol. activity of ABPs which may provide a theor. basis for the further development and utilization of polysaccharides and have important reference value for the future study of the relationship between structural features and biol. activities.

Process Biochemistry (Oxford, United Kingdom) published new progress about Agaricus bisporus. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Liu, Guo published the artcileExtraction, structural characterization, and immunobiological activity of ABP Ia polysaccharide from Agaricus bisporus, Quality Control of 59-23-4, the main research area is Agaricus polysaccharide rhamnose arabinose splenocyte proliferation immunoregulatory activity; Agaricus bisporus polysaccharides; Extraction and structure; Immunobiological activity.

The extraction, purification, immunobiol. activities, and structure of Agaricus bisporus polysaccharides (ABP) were investigated. Especially we purified and identified the polysaccharides with the highest in vitro immunobiol. activity. The extraction conditions of ABP were optimized using single factor and orthogonal experiment ABP Ia was screened after double purification with DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-200 and showed the best immunoregulatory activity. UV spectra anal. and high-performance gel permeation chromatog. results indicated that the ABP Ia fraction did not contain any proteins or nucleotides and was a homogeneous polysaccharide with a relative mol. weight of 784 kDa. Gas chromatog. mass spectroscopy results showed that ABP Ia was a heteropolysaccharide consisting of ribose, rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, glucose, and galactose at a molar ratio of 2.08:4.61:2.45:22.25:36.45:89.22:1.55. FT-IR and periodic acid oxidation anal. indicated that ABP Ia was an α-pyran polysaccharide composed of 1 → 2 and 1 → 4 glycosidic bonds, as well as a possible 1 → 3 glycosidic bond. Furthermore, at. force microscopy revealed that ABP Ia polysaccharide chains twisted to form a rod-like architecture and, at a 5% concentration, aggregated into a tight structure similar to the shape of a stone forest. These findings identify ABP Ia as a potential functional food ingredient or pharmaceutical for immunoregulation.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Agaricus bisporus. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Quality Control of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Alboofetileh, Mehdi published the artcileEffect of different non-conventional extraction methods on the antibacterial and antiviral activity of fucoidans extracted from Nizamuddinia zanardinii, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is Nizamuddinia antibacterial antiviral fucoidan non conventional extraction method; Antibacterial activity; Antiviral activity; Extraction methods; Fucoidans; Nizamuddinia zanardinii; Non-conventional techniques.

In the current study, fucoidans from brown alga Nizamuddinia zanardinii were isolated with conventional and non-conventional extraction procedures to evaluate the effects of recently introduced technologies on biochem. characteristics and saccharide composition of the extracts, along with their antibacterial, antiviral and cytotoxic properties. The results demonstrated that subcritical water extraction showed the highest fucoidans yield (13.15%), while the lowest yield was obtained using ultrasound extraction method (3.6%). The polysaccharide chains consisted of fucose, galactose, glucose, mannose and xylose, whose molar percentages differed according to the extraction method used. The weight mean average mol. weight of fucoidans varied between 444 and 1184 kDa. The FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of sulfate esters by bending vibration of C-O-S and stretching vibration of S=O peaks at 818 and 1250 cm-1, resp. Antibacterial assays showed that microwave- and subcritical water-extracted fucoidans inhibited the growth of E.coli and that enzyme-ultrasound, ultrasound-microwave and subcritical water extracted fucoidans exhibited inhibitory effects against P. aeruginosa at 2 mg/mL. Antiviral studies revealed that all the extracted fucoidans exerted strong antiviral activity against HSV-2 infection, with EC50 values in the 0.027-0.123 μg/mL range; indeed the viscozyme-extracted macromols. displayed the best selectivity index.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Agarum clathratum. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gharibzahedi, Seyed Mohammad Taghi published the artcilePectin extraction from common fig skin by different methods: The physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations, Formula: C6H12O6, the main research area is Ficus skin pectin physicochem rheol property HWE UAE MAE; Emulsification; Esterification; Fig (Ficus carica L.) fruit; Pectin extraction; Rheology; Structure.

Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) were utilized to determine the best technique to extract pectin from the common fig (Ficus carica L.) skin. UMAE (11.71%) significantly showed a more extraction yield than MAE (9.26%), UAE (8.74%), and HWE (6.05%). A significant dose-dependent antioxidant capacity for pectins 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity was found. The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and mol. weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures A non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior was detected at 1.5-3.0% pectic-solutions X-ray diffraction (XRD) anal. showed a non-crystalline nature for pectins extracted by UMAE. FTIR spectroscopy and HPLC photodiode array detector revealed that conventional and novel extraction technologies do not change the chem. structure and monosaccharide composition of pectin significantly.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Emulsion stability. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Formula: C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Xie, Jianhua published the artcileA thermophilic fungal GH36 α-galactosidase from Lichtheimia ramosa and its synergistic hydrolysis of locust bean gum, Computed Properties of 59-23-4, the main research area is Lichtheimia alpha galactosidase hydrolysis locust bean gum; Lichtheimia ramosa; Synergistic hydrolysis; α-Galactosidase; β-mannanase.

A novel GH36 α-galactosidase gene (LrAgal36A) from Lichtheimia ramosa was synthesized and highly expressed in Pichia pastoris. The enzyme titer and protein yield for high-d. fermentation in a 5 L fermentor were up to 953.6 U mL-1 and 4.36 g L-1. Purified recombinant LrAgal36A showed the maximum activity at pH 6.0 and 65°C and was thermostable with a half-life of 70 min at 60°C. LrAgal36A displayed the highest specific activity (353.17 ± 4.19 U mg-1) toward p-nitrophenyl-α-D-galactopyranoside (pNPGal) followed by galacto-oligosaccharides and could act slightly on galactomannans. The Km and catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) of LrAgal36A for pNPGal were 0.33 mM and 1569.50 mM-1 s-1, resp. LrAgal36A and GH5 β-mannanase from L. ramosa showed a significant synergistic effect on the degradation of locust bean gum (LBG), resulting in release more reducing sugars (1.56 folds) and galactose (7.6 folds) by simultaneous or sequential reactions. Due to its hydrolysis properties, LrAgal36A might have potential applications in the area of pulp biobleaching, feed and food processing.

Carbohydrate Research published new progress about Enzymic hydrolysis. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Computed Properties of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts