Category: 59-23-4

Huo, Jiaying published the artcileStructural characterization and immuno-stimulating activities of a novel polysaccharide from Huangshui, a byproduct of Chinese Baijiu, Synthetic Route of 59-23-4, the main research area is Baijiu Huangshui polysaccharide phagocytosis macrophage mmunostimulant activity apoptosis; Bioactive substances; Cytokines; Heteropolysaccharide; NMR; Structural identification; THP-1 cells.

Huangshui (HS), a byproduct of Baijiu, has been widely studied for the utilization of aromatic compounds and microorganisms. However, there is little information on the bioactive polysaccharides in HS. In this study, a novel complex polysaccharide (HSP-2) composed of mannose, glucose, galactose, arabinose, xylose, and rhamnose at approx. percentages of 53.0, 29.6, 11.5, 2.7, 2.1, and 1.0, resp., was successfully extracted and purified from HS. The results of FT-IR, methylation anal., and NMR showed that the backbone of HSP-2 was → 2)-β-D-Manp-(1 → 2,6)-β-D-Manp-(1 → 6)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → 4)-α-L-Rhap-(1 → 3,4)-α-L-Rhap-(1→. In addition, HSP-2 showed significant immuno-stimulating effects via increasing the ROS and NO generation, and enhancing the pinocytic and phagocytic capacities of THP-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, HSP-2 treatment increased IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β secretion through activating the expression of the related mRNAs and proteins. These results will provide a mol. basis for immuno-stimulating effects of HSP-2 and lay a foundation for the potential application of HS in functional foods.

Food Research International published new progress about Apoptosis. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Synthetic Route of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gu, Jinyan published the artcilePreparation, characterization and bioactivity of polysaccharide fractions from Sagittaria sagittifolia L., Formula: C6H12O6, the main research area is polysaccharide fraction Sagittaria sagittifolia antioxidant extraction; Antioxidant activity; Characterization; Fractional precipitation; Immunoactivity; Sagittaria sagittifolia L. polysaccharide; Ultrasonic assisted extraction.

To ascertain the preliminary structural characteristics and biol. activity of different fractions of polysaccharides from Sagittaria sagittifolia L. (SPCs) by ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE), four new polysaccharides (SPC-60, SPC-70, SPC-80 and SPC-90) were successively fractionated by ethanol. The results implied that except for neutral sugar, four contained proteins and uronic acids in their structure, which were further confirmed by the UV and IR spectra. Mol. weight and monosaccharide composition anal. exhibited that SPC-60 (52.0 kDa), SPC-70 (294.9 kDa), SPC-80 (230.6 kDa) and SPC-90 (229.4 kDa) were a neutral polysaccharide composed of rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, glucose and galactose with dramatically different mole ratios. In addition, SPC-70 exhibited stronger antioxidant activity in vitro than the other three components. SPCs could significantly promote macrophage proliferation, NO release and phagocytosis. Thus, these results provided a reference for applications of S. sagittifolia L. polysaccharides which would benefit the development of industry and agriculture.

Carbohydrate Polymers published new progress about Apoptosis. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Formula: C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Nifei published the artcileFractionation, structural characteristics and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharide fractions from asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) skin, Quality Control of 59-23-4, the main research area is Asparagus polysaccharide macrophage phagocytosis physicochem property; Immunomodulatory activity; Polysaccharide fractions; Structural characterization; Structure-immunomodulatory relationship; White asparagus skin.

The physicochem. properties, structural features and structure-immunomodulatory activity relationship of pectic polysaccharides from the white asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) skin were systematically studied. Using sequential ethanol precipitation, five sub-fractions namely WASP-40, WASP-50, WASP-60, WASP-70 and WASP-80 with distinct degree of esterification (DE) and mol. weight (Mw) were obtained. The Mw and DE values were decreased with the increase of the ethanol concentrations Structurally, although 4-α-D-GalpA was the dominant sugar residue in all fractions, the molar ratios were decreased, whereas other sugar residues including arabinose- and mannose-based sugar residues overall increased with the increase of ethanol concentration In addition, the effects of sub-fractions on the RAW 264.7 cells indicated that pectic polysaccharides with the higher DE value showed a stronger immunomodulatory activity. Moreover, the structure-activity relationship was also discussed in this study, which extends the value-added application of asparagus and its processing byproducts.

Carbohydrate Polymers published new progress about Asparagus. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Quality Control of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chinuki, Yuko published the artcileAlpha-Gal-containing biologics and anaphylaxis, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is review; Anaphylaxis; Cetuximab; Galactose-α-1, 3-galactose; Red meat allergy; Tick bites.

Cetuximab, the IgG1 subclass chimeric mouse-human monoclonal antibody biol. that targets the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), is used worldwide for the treatment of EGFR-pos. unresectable progressive/recurrent colorectal cancer and head and neck cancer. Research has shown that the principal cause of cetuximab-induced anaphylaxis is anti oligosaccharide IgE antibodies specific for galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-Gal) oligosaccharide present on the mouse-derived Fab portion of the cetuximab heavy chain. Furthermore, it has been revealed that patients who are allergic to cetuximab also develop an allergic reaction to mammalian meat containing the same α-Gal oligosaccharide owing to cross-reactivity, and the presumed cause of sensitization is tick bites: Amblyomma in the United States. Investigations of cetuximab-related anaphylaxis have revealed three novel findings that improve our understanding of immediate-type allergy: 1. oligosaccharide can serve as the main IgE epitope of anaphylaxis; 2. because of the oligosaccharide epitope, a wide range of cross-reactivity with mammalian meats containing α-Gal similar to cetuximab occurs; and 3. tick bites are a crucial factor of sensitization to the oligosaccharide.

Allergology International published new progress about Amblyomma. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Churakova, Ekaterina published the artcileAccurate analysis of residual lactose in low-lactose milk: Comparing a variety of analytical techniques, COA of Formula: C6H12O6, the main research area is milk lactose HPAEC PAD residual analysis.

To receive the designation “”lactose-free””, milk should contain <0.01% (weight/weight) lactose. As the anal. of such low levels of lactose is often hampered by other saccharides present or formed during milk processing, methods are required that are highly sensitive, accurate and precise. Currently, there is no international standard anal. method for the determination of lactose in low- or lactose-free milk, despite such a need from the dairy industry. We validated the anal. of residual lactose in lactase-treated UHT milk using HPAEC-PAD on a CarboPac PA100 column and compared it with a variety of commonly used anal. techniques for measuring lactose, including HPLC-RI, NMR, enzymic kits, cryoscopy, and lactose biosensors. The results show that only one anal. technique, namely the Biomilk300, an amperometric biosensor, has performance comparable with anal. by HPAEC-PAD, which remains one of the most accurate, precise and sensitive methods to assess low levels of lactose in milk. International Dairy Journal published new progress about Biosensors. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, COA of Formula: C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chen, Xiaoxia published the artcileStructural characterization and osteogenic bioactivities of a novel Humulus lupulus polysaccharide, Safety of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Humulus osteoporosis osteogenicity polysaccharide.

The female flowers of H. lupulus are also used in traditional Chinese medicine, but the biol. active ingredients underlying its benefits remain unclear. In this study, we isolated a homogeneous polysaccharide (HLP50-1) with a mol. weight of 49.13 kDa from female flowers of H. lupulus via a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column and a Sephadex G-75 gel filtration column. Methylation, GC-MS, and NMR analyses revealed that the HLP50-1 comprised (→4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →6)-α-D-Manp-(1→, →3)-α-L-Rhap-(1→), β-D-Glcp-(1→), α-L-Araf-(1→, →4,6)-2-OAc-β-D-Galp-(1→, β-D-Galp-(1→, →3,6))-β-D-Glcp-(1→, →2,3,4)-α-D-Xylp-(1→, →6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →3)-α-D-Galp-(1→, →4)-α-D-Galp-(1→). Advanced structural anal. showed that the HLP50-1 contained irregular fragments of different sizes and shapes with a smooth surface. The aggregates appeared be composed of accumulated crystals. Furthermore, the osteogenic activities of the HLP50-1 were evaluated via MC3T3-E1 cells in vitro. The results showed that 0.13μM HLP50-1 led to outstanding proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization of the MC3T3-E1 cells. Therefore, HLP50-1 has osteogenic effects, and it may be a candidate for the treatment of osteoporosis. It has broad application prospects in functional foods, health-care products, and pharmaceuticals.

Food & Function published new progress about Bitterness. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Safety of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Dou, Zuman published the artcileThe effect of ultrasound irradiation on the physicochemical properties and α-glucosidase inhibitory effect of blackberry fruit polysaccharide, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is blackberry fruit polysaccharide ultrasound irradiation physicochem property.

In this study, the influence of ultrasound irradiation on the characterization and α-glucosidase inhibitory effect of polysaccharide from blackberry fruit (BBP, mol. weight of 591.39 kDa) was investigated. After degraded, BBP-8, BBP-16 and BBP-24 three fractions were obtained with mol. weight of 363.93, 249.51 and 177.42 KDa, resp. Moreover, compared with the particle size of BBP (1070.5 nm), that of BBP-8, BBP-16 and BBP-24 were decreased to 679.9, 548.8 and 395.4 nm, resp. However, the monosaccharide composition test, FT-IR, and tertiary structure anal. all indicated that the ultrasound did not destroy the primary structure of the original polysaccharide. In addition, the degraded polysaccharide (BBP-24) exhibited the stronger α-glucosidase inhibitory activity than that of BBP. By fluorescence spectrum and CD spectrum anal., we found that the polysaccharide could induce the structure change like rigidity structure (α-helixe) and loop structure (random coil) of α-glucosidase to inhibit its activity by binding to the α-glucosidase. The polysaccharide with different mol. weight showed different binding capacity which was related to its inhibitory effect on the α-glucosidase. In general, the results suggested that appropriate degradation was benefit for the enhancement of the inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase of blackberry polysaccharide, and ultrasound irradiation was a green and efficient method to produce bioactivity-added polysaccharide for use in the functional food.

Food Hydrocolloids published new progress about Blackberry. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Irabu, Hitoshi published the artcileClinical significance of serum galactose-deficient IgA1 level in children with IgA nephropathy, Computed Properties of 59-23-4, the main research area is child IgA nephropathy serum galactose deficiency.

This study was aimed at investigating the clin. significance of serum galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) levels measured by a novel lectin-independent ELISA (ELISA) using an anti-Gd-IgA1 monoclonal antibody (KM55) as a disease-specific biomarker for IgA nephropathy (IgAN) in children. Thirty-three children with IgAN, 40 with non-IgA glomerular diseases, and 38 age-matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Serum Gd-IgA1 levels were quantified by ELISA using KM55. Results were statistically compared with clin. features and pathol. findings of IgAN. Serum Gd-IgA1 levels were significantly elevated in children with IgAN compared with children with non-IgA glomerular diseases and HCs. Serum Gd-IgA1 levels in children with IgAN were pos. correlated with serum total IgA levels. However, the serum Gd-IgA1/total IgA ratio (Gd-IgA1/IgA) was also significantly elevated in children with IgAN. Serum Gd-IgA1 levels in children with IgAN increased in an age-dependent manner. The cutoff value of serum Gd-IgA1 levels for differentiating IgAN from non-IgA glomerular diseases was 3236 in children < 12 years and 5284 in children ≥ 12 years, resp. In contrast, serum GdIgA1/IgA was age-independent. The cutoff value of serum Gd-IgA1/IgA for differentiating IgAN from non-IgA glomerular diseases was 0.2401. Serum Gd-IgA1 levels were neg. correlated with eGFR and pos. correlated with mesangial IgA deposition. In contrast, serum Gd-IgA1/IgA levels were not correlated with any clin. parameters of IgAN. In conclusion, serum Gd-IgA1 levels were significantly elevated in children with IgAN. However, those levels were age-dependent; therefore, serum Gd-IgA1 levels classified by age and/or serum Gd-IgA1/IgA might have diagnostic values in children with IgAN. Journal of Immunology Research published new progress about Biomarkers. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Computed Properties of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Bagchi, Soumita published the artcileSignificance of serum galactose deficient IgA1 as a potential biomarker for IgA nephropathy: A case control study, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is IgA1 serum galactose IgA nephropathy.

Background: IgA nephropathy(IgAN) is a common glomerular disease with a higher risk of progression to end stage renal disease (ESRD) in certain ethnic populations. Since galactose deficient IgA1(Gd-IgA1) is a critical mol. in its pathogenesis, it has generated interest as a biomarker for this disease. Methods: We measured serum Gd-IgA1 levels using a non- lectin based enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) in 136 immunosuppression naive patients with primary IgAN and 110 controls(60-non IgA glomerular diseases, 50-healthy volunteers). Results: Median serum Gd-IgA1 levels were significantly higher in IgAN patients [13135.6(2723.3,59603.8)ng/mL] compared to those with non IgA glomerular disease [4954.8(892.9,18256.2) ng/mL] and healthy controls [6299.5(1993.2,19256) ng/mL] and this was observed even after log transformation and adjustment for age and gender(p<0.0001). Considering a cut-off value of serum Gd-IGA1 ≥ 7982.1ng/mL, the sensitivity for diagnosing IgAN compared to healthy controls was 74.3% and specificity was 72.0% with a pos. predictive value of 87.8% and neg. predictive value of 50.7%. The serum Gd-IgA1 level did not co-relate with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate, urine protein creatinine ratio and the M, E, S, T and C scores on renal biopsy. The renal survival (absence of >30% decrease in eGFR, ESRD or death) was lower in patients with higher serum Gd-IgA1 levels(≥7982ng/mL) than those who had lower levels but it was not statistically significant(p = 0.486). Conclusion: Serum Gd-IgA1 level is higher in IgAN patients compared to non-IgA glomerular diseases and healthy controls and has a good pos. predictive value for diagnosis. However, it does not correlate with clin. and histol. characteristics of disease severity and does not predict disease progression.

PLoS One published new progress about Biomarkers. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Liu, Di published the artcileImmunoglobulin g n-glycan analysis by ultra-performance liquid chromatography, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Igg n glycan ultra performance liquid chromatog.

Glycomics is a new subspecialty in omics system research that offers significant potential in discovering next-generation biomarkers for disease susceptibility, drug target discovery, and precision medicine. Alternative IgG N-glycans have been reported in several common chronic diseases and suggested to have great potential in clin. applications (i.e., biomarkers for diagnosis and prediction of diseases). IgG N-glycans are widely characterized using the method of hydrophilic interaction chromatog. (HILIC) ultra-performance liquid chromatog. (UPLC). UPLC is a stable detection technol. with good reproducibility and high relative quant. accuracy. In addition, the structure of IgG N-glycan is clearly separated, and glycan composition and relative abundance in plasma are characterized.

Journal of Visualized Experiments published new progress about Biomarkers. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts