Category: 473-81-4

On August 31, 2022, Hanifah, Abu; Firmanto, Hendy; Putri, Sastia Prama; Fukusaki, Eiichiro published an article.Recommanded Product: 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid The title of the article was Unique metabolite profiles of Indonesian cocoa beans from different origins and their correlation with temperature. And the article contained the following:

Chocolate flavors vary depending on the origin of the cocoa beans used. Differences in soil, microorganisms, and environmental factors contribute to the formation of flavor precursors in cocoa beans. During cocoa bean fermentation, environmental temperature has been shown to alter metabolite concentrations However, the correlation between the metabolite profile of cocoa beans and the temperature of their region of origin has not been fully defined. In this study, the metabolite profiles of Indonesian cocoa beans of various origins were evaluated using gas chromatog./mass spectrometry-based anal., and were found to differ depending on the origin of the bean. Subsequently, the correlation between metabolite profile and environmental temperature of the origin was assessed using orthogonal projection to latent structure regression (OPLS-R) anal. The anal. revealed that seven metabolites were associated with temperature: γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), ethanolamine, glycerol, isocitric acid + citric acid, succinic acid, malic acid, and saccharic acid. The findings of this study will be valuable to chocolate industries for the production of single-origin chocolates. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid(cas: 473-81-4).Recommanded Product: 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid

The Article related to cocoa bean succinic malic acid metabolite temperature, cocoa beans, correlation, environmental factors, fermented, metabolite profile, metabolomics, raw, Food and Feed Chemistry: Beverages and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid

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On February 24, 2022, Brix, Ann Cathrin; Dreyer, Maik; Koul, Adarsh; Krebs, Moritz; Rabe, Anna; Hagemann, Ulrich; Varhade, Swapnil; Andronescu, Corina; Behrens, Malte; Schuhmann, Wolfgang; Morales, Dulce M. published an article.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks The title of the article was Structure-Performance Relationship of LaFe1-xCoxO3 Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution, Isopropanol Oxidation, and Glycerol Oxidation. And the article contained the following:

Mitigating high energy costs related to sustainable H2 production via water electrolysis is important to make this process com. viable. Possible approaches are the investigation of low-cost, highly active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts and the exploration of alternative anode reactions, such as the electrocatalytic isopropanol oxidation reaction (iPOR) or the glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR), offering the possibility of simultaneously lowering the anodic overpotential and generating value-added products. A suitable class of catalysts are non-noble metal-based perovskites with the general formula ABO3, featuring rare-earth metal cations at the A- and transition metals at the B-site. We synthesized a series of LaFe1-xCoxO3 materials with x = 0-0.70 by automated co-precipitation at constant pH and subsequent calcination at 800°C. X-ray diffraction studies revealed that the phase purity was preserved in samples with x≤0.3. The activity towards the OER, iPOR, and GOR was investigated by rotating disk electrode voltammetry, showing a relation between structure and metal composition with the activity trends observed for the three reactions. Addnl., GOR product anal. via high-performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC) was conducted after 24 and 48 h electrolysis in a circular flow-through cell setup, pointing out a trade-off between activity and selectivity. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid(cas: 473-81-4).Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

The Article related to lanthanum iron cobalt oxide isopropanol glycerol oxidation oer, Electrochemistry: Electrochemical Theory and other aspects.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

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Li, Zhihua; Zhao, Chi; Dong, Ling; Huan, Yu; Yoshimoto, Miwa; Zhu, Yongqing; Tada, Ipputa; Wang, Xiaohang; Zhao, Shuang; Zhang, Fengju; Li, Liang; Arita, Masanori published an article in 2022, the title of the article was Comprehensive Metabolomic Comparison of Five Cereal Vinegars Using Non-Targeted and Chemical Isotope Labeling LC-MS Analysis.Name: 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid And the article contains the following content:

Vinegar is used as an acidic condiment and preservative worldwide. In Asia, various black vinegars are made from different combinations of grains, such as Sichuan bran vinegar (SBV), Shanxi aged vinegar (SAV), Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar (ZAV), and Fujian Monascus vinegar (FMV) in China and Ehime black vinegar in Japan (JBV). Understanding the chem. compositions of different vinegars can provide information about nutritional values and the quality of the taste. This study investigated the vinegar metabolome using a combination of GC-MS, conventional LC-MS, and chem. isotope labeling LC-MS. Different types of vinegar contained different metabolites and concentrations Amino acids and organic acids were found to be the main components. Tetrahydroharman-3-carboxylic acid and harmalan were identified first in vinegar. Various diketopiperazines and linear dipeptides contributing to different taste effects were also detected first in vinegar. Dipeptides, 3-phenyllactic acid, and tyrosine were found to be potential metabolic markers for differentiating vinegars. The differently expressed pathway between Chinese and Japanese vinegar was tryptophan metabolism, while the main difference within Chinese vinegars was aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis metabolism These results not only give insights into the metabolites in famous types of cereal vinegar but also provide valuable knowledge for making vinegar with desirable health characteristics. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid(cas: 473-81-4).Name: 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid

The Article related to cereal vinegar metabolomics non target chem isotope, gc-ms, uhplc-qtof-ms, cereal vinegar, chemical isotope labeling, metabolomics, small peptides, Biochemical Methods: Chromatographic and other aspects.Name: 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid

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On September 30, 2022, Carla Guimaraes Sobrinho, Alessandra; Silva Corpes, Rosana; Isabel Portilho dos Santos, Kyouk; Maria Menezes Barra, Ivoneide; Kiyoshi Miyagawa, Helder; Silva Santos, Alberdan published an article.Formula: C3H6O4 The title of the article was Untargeted GC-MS Metabolomics applied to wild leaves and callus produced by plant tissue culture of Hibiscus sabdariffa L.. And the article contained the following:

Hibiscus sabdariffa L. is a naturalized medicinal species in Brazil commonly called a “vinagreira” and is a member of the Malvaceae Juss. family, which has a rich potential of bioactive compounds presenting extracts with antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antiviral, antidiabetic, and antiobesity, among others. The production of secondary metabolites of medicinal plants using biotechnol. tools such as the culture of callus of plant tissues is increasingly being used to produce high-quality compounds under in vitro conditions. From this perspective, the objective of this work was to analyze the chem. compounds of the leaves and callus culture of H. sabdariffa using techniques of Gas Chromatog. Coupled to the Mass Spectrum (GC-MS),. The anal. methodol. used consisted of removal of liposol. compounds, acid hydrolysis, and derivatization, all stages were submitted to ultrasonic-assisted agitation, using a reduced amount of biomass. Based on the results obtained in the study, a total of 38 metabolites identified by GC-MS anal. can be observed Among the identified substances, protocatechuic acid (26A) stands out as the main constituent, with a relative abundance of 26.86% and 16.68% for leaves and callus of H. sabdariffa, resp. The principal component anal. (PCA) allowed the discrimination of the chem. composition of each sample, being useful for the observation and detection of the compounds trends patterns. The anal. of the hierarchical group combined with the heat map represented the visual relationship between the samples of the data set indicating the values of higher and lower concentrations of chem. compounds resp., confirming that protocatechuic acid is the most abundant, for the leaves and callus of H. sabdariffa, followed by eicosanoid and isocitric acid, produced only in callus. It was concluded that the GC-MS technique combined with chemometric tools, helped identify the diversity of the compounds present in the leaves and callus of H. sabdariffa and that callus culture enables the production of bioactive compounds continuously and uniformly in a controlled environment and free of contamination. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid(cas: 473-81-4).Formula: C3H6O4

The Article related to hibiscus leaf callus tissue culture gcms metabolomics, Pharmaceuticals: Pharmacognostic Products and other aspects.Formula: C3H6O4

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On July 31, 2022, Kasper, Karl; Abreu, Ilka N.; Feussner, Kirstin; Zienkiewicz, Krzysztof; Herrfurth, Cornelia; Ischebeck, Till; Janz, Dennis; Majcherczyk, Andrzej; Schmitt, Kerstin; Valerius, Oliver; Braus, Gerhard H.; Feussner, Ivo; Polle, Andrea published an article.COA of Formula: C3H6O4 The title of the article was Multi-omics analysis of xylem sap uncovers dynamic modulation of poplar defenses by ammonium and nitrate. And the article contained the following:

Xylem sap is the major transport route for nutrients from roots to shoots. In the present study, we investigated how variations in nitrogen (N) nutrition affected the metabolome and proteome of xylem sap and the growth of the xylem endophyte Brennaria salicis, and we also report transcriptional re-wiring of leaf defenses in poplar (Populus 3 canescens). We supplied poplars with high, intermediate or low concentrations of ammonium or nitrate. We identified 288 unique proteins in xylem sap. Approx. 85% of the xylem sap proteins were shared among ammonium- and nitrate-supplied plants. The number of proteins increased with increasing N supply but the major functional categories (catabolic processes, cell wallrelated enzymes, defense) were unaffected. Ammonium nutrition caused higher abundances of amino acids and carbohydrates, whereas nitrate caused higher malate levels in xylem sap. Pipecolic acid and N-hydroxypipecolic acid increased, whereas salicylic acid and jasmonoyl-isoleucine decreased, with increasing N nutrition. Untargeted metabolome analyses revealed 2179 features in xylem sap, of which 863 were differentially affected by N treatments. We identified 124 metabolites, mainly from specialized metabolism of the groups of salicinoids, phenylpropanoids, phenolics, flavonoids, and benzoates. Their abundances increased with decreasing N, except coumarins. Brennaria salicis growth was reduced in nutrient-supplemented xylem sap of low- and high- NO3–fed plants compared to that of NH4+-fed plants. The drastic changes in xylem sap composition caused massive changes in the transcriptional landscape of leaves and recruited defenses related to systemic acquired and induced systemic resistance. Our study uncovers unexpected complexity and variability of xylem composition with consequences for plant defenses. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid(cas: 473-81-4).COA of Formula: C3H6O4

The Article related to ammonium nitrate xylem sap dynamic modulation multiomic analysis, carbohydrates, metabolomics, nitrogen, phytohormones, proteomics, salicinoids, Plant Biochemistry: Development and Aging and other aspects.COA of Formula: C3H6O4

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On November 30, 2022, Kulkarni, Jayant; Sharma, Sandeep; Sahoo, Sripati A.; Mishra, Shefali; Nikam, Tukaram D.; Borde, Mahesh; Penna, Suprasanna; Srivastava, Ashish K. published an article.Computed Properties of 473-81-4 The title of the article was Resilience in primary metabolism contributes to salt stress adaptation in Sesuvium portulacastrum (L.). And the article contained the following:

Abstract: Sesuvium portulacastrum (L.) is a facultative halophyte that grows in subtropical coastal sides of the eastern and western regions of India. In the present study, the activation of antioxidant machinery was observed at 8 and 24 h after 250 mM NaCl stress treatment. Further, GC-MS/MS based metabolomics was performed, independently in root (NR8 and NR24) and shoot (NS8 and NS24). A total of 53 and 62 metabolites were detected in roots and shoots, resp., that mainly included sugars, amino acids, organic acids and polyols. On the basis of statistical significance, sucrose and ethanolamine were identified as differentially altered metabolites (DAMs) shared under all the treatment conditions. Heat-map based clustering anal. substantiated the role of sugars and amino acids in NR8; while, sugars in NS8/NS24 treatments. For most of the DAMs, extent of change at NR24 was significantly dampened than NR8, which also coincided with reduced correlation strength between different metabolite groups, indicating partial metabolite restoration. The enrichment anal. identified sugars, amino acid and TCA cycle metabolism as major pathways altered under salt stress conditions. A total of 30 metabolomic datasets from 7 different halophytes, including the present study, were utilized to perform meta-anal. On the basis of cumulative pathway score (CPS) of both root and shoot, aspartate-alanine-glutamate (290.62) was identified as the most significant pathway followed by arginine biosynthesis (0.62) and glyoxylate-dicarboxylate metabolism (0.46) that significantly contributed to salt-adaptation in halophytes. Thus, the holistic anal. of salt-responsive metabolites/pathways from halophytes will pave the way for enhancing salt-tolerance in crop plants. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid(cas: 473-81-4).Computed Properties of 473-81-4

The Article related to sesuvium salt stress adaptation metabolism, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Computed Properties of 473-81-4

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On January 31, 2022, Vrancheva, Radka; Dincheva, Ivayla; Aneva, Ina; Georgiev, Vasil; Pavlov, Atanas published an article.Application of 473-81-4 The title of the article was GC-MS-based metabolite profiling of wild and in vitro growing plants of Satureja montana L.. And the article contained the following:

Satureja montana L. is used as a traditional culinary spice in the Balkan Peninsula cuisine, as well as in the folk and traditional medicine for treatment of different diseases. The supply of secondary metabolites from naturally growing plants has many restrictions, such as biomass availability and variations in the chem. composition, which is most strongly affected by seasonal and environmental- mental factors. These disadvantages could be overcome by cultivating plants in optimized and controlled in vitro conditions. The purpose of the current study was to compare the phytochem. compositions of newly developed in vitro plants and intact plants of S. montana used for production of secondary metabolites. The GC-MS anal. revealed the presence of a number of primary (carbohydrates, amino acids, organic acids and lipids) and secondary metabolites (phenolic acids) with pharmacol. and biol. activities beneficial to humans. The results revealed that in vitro S. montana plants are a potential biotechnol. matrix for the production of valuable biol. active substances for the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid(cas: 473-81-4).Application of 473-81-4

The Article related to satureja primary secondary metabolite phytochem, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Application of 473-81-4

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On June 15, 2022, Armbruster, Michael R.; Grady, Scott F.; Arnatt, Christopher K.; Edwards, James L. published an article.Product Details of 473-81-4 The title of the article was Isobaric 4-Plex Tagging for Absolute Quantitation of Biological Acids in Diabetic Urine Using Capillary LC-MS/MS. And the article contained the following:

Isobaric labeling in mass spectrometry enables multiplexed absolute quantitation and high throughput, while minimizing full scan spectral complexity. Here, we use 4-plex isobaric labeling with a fixed pos. charge tag to improve quantitation and throughput for polar carboxylic acid metabolites. The isobaric tag uses an isotope-encoded neutral loss to create mass-dependent reporters spaced 2 Da apart and was validated for both single- and double-tagged analytes. Tags were synthesized inhouse using deuterated formaldehyde and Me iodide in a total of four steps, producing cost-effective multiplexing. No chromatog. deuterium shifts were observed for single- or double-tagged analytes, producing consistent reporter ratios across each peak. Perfluoropentanoic acid was added to the sample to drastically increase retention of double-tagged analytes on a C18 column. Excess tag was scavenged and extracted using hexadecyl chloroformate after reaction completion. This allowed for removal of excess tag that typically causes ion suppression and column overloading. A total of 54 organic acids were investigated, producing an average linearity of 0.993, retention time relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.58%, and intensity RSD of 12.1%. This method was used for absolute quantitation of acid metabolites comparing control and type 1 diabetic urine. Absolute quantitation of organic acids was achieved by using one isobaric lane for standards, thereby allowing for anal. of six urine samples in two injections. Quantified acids showed good agreement with previous work, and six significant changes were found. Overall, this method demonstrated 4-plex absolute quantitation of acids in a complex biol. sample. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid(cas: 473-81-4).Product Details of 473-81-4

The Article related to diabetes urine isobaric plex tagging biol acid lc ms, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Product Details of 473-81-4

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Dankani, Abduljabbar I.; Aminu, Suleiman; Saidu, Umar; Ladan, Mukhtar J. published an article in 2022, the title of the article was Analogues of dipicolinic acid, phenanthroline, and N-ethylmaleimide as potential inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum falcilysin.Application of 473-81-4 And the article contains the following content:

In a bid to meet its amino acid requirements, Plasmodium falciparum utilizes falcilysin (in addition to other proteases) to aid in cleaving the host Hb at the polar residues. The dependence of the parasite on the host Hb could lead to increased disease severity in the host. In this study, mol. docking analyses were used to evaluate the binding interactions of dipicolinic acid, phenanthroline, and N-ethylmaleimide analogs to P. falciparum falcilysin. The protein databank and the CheBI database were used to find P. falciparum falcilysin and the compounds, resp. The protein and the collected compounds were imported into PyRx virtual screening software and the docking was initiated. Following that, Discovery Studio was utilized to virtualize the 2D and 3D interactions. The binding energies of 4,7-diphenyl-1,10- phenanthroline 4′,4″-disulfonate and 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline 4′,4″-disulfonic acid were both more than -10.0 kcal/mol among the phenanthroline analogs while only oleanolic acid and N-ethylsuccinimide-mycothiol conjugate from the dipicolinic acid and Nethylmaleimide analogs had binding energies of -9.7 and -9.4 kcal/mol resp. The higher binding energies were attributable to hydrogen bond interactions as well as other interactions between the chems. and the amino acid residues of the falcilysin. The analogs were shown to be moderately safe in pharmacokinetic investigations and scaled Lipinski′s rule of five (RO5). The findings of the study revealed that analogs of dipicolinic acid, phenanthroline, and N-ethylmaleimide could serve as potential inhibitors of P. falciparum falcilysin. Thus, the compounds can be used as leads or structural scaffolds in the hunt for new therapeutic candidates against the enzyme. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid(cas: 473-81-4).Application of 473-81-4

The Article related to plasmodium falcilysin dipicolinic acid phenanthroline n ethylmaleimide, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Application of 473-81-4

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Zhang, Zhanjiang; Shen, Guang; Yang, Yihua; Li, Cui; Chen, Xiaoying; Yang, Xiaonan; Guo, Xiaoyun; Miao, Jianhua; Li, Li; Lei, Ming published an article in 2022, the title of the article was Metabolic and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal the Effects of Ethephon on Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks And the article contains the following content:

The roots of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin (TKS) are well-known and valued for their rubber-producing ability. Therefore, research on the anal. and detection of metabolites from the roots of TKS have been reported in previous studies. However, all of these studies have the shortcoming of focusing on only the rubber of TKS, without profiling the other metabolites in a systematic and comprehensive way. Here, the primary and secondary metabolites from the leaves of TKS were investigated using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS, and a total of 229 metabolites were characterized. Carboxylic acid derivatives, fatty acyls, phenols, and organooxygen compounds were found to be the major metabolites of TKS. The transcriptome data indicated that ribosomal, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and linoleic acid metabolism genes were significantly differentially expressed. This study is the first to report the differences in the metabolic and transcriptome profiles of TKS leaves under exogenous ethephon spray, which improves our understanding of the main metabolites and their mol. mechanisms in TKS leaves. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid(cas: 473-81-4).Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

The Article related to taraxacum ethephon transcriptomic analyses, taraxacum kok-saghyz rodin, metabolomics, transcriptomics, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

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