Category: 434-16-2

Slominski, Andrzej T.; Chaiprasongsuk, Anyamanee; Janjetovic, Zorica; Kim, Tae-Kang; Stefan, Joanna; Slominski, Radomir M.; Hanumanthu, Vidya Sagar; Raman, Chander; Qayyum, Shariq; Song, Yuwei; Song, Yuhua; Panich, Uraiwan; Crossman, David K.; Athar, Mohammad; Holick, Michael F.; Jetten, Anton M.; Zmijewski, Michal A.; Zmijewski, Jaroslaw; Tuckey, Robert C. published the artcile< Photoprotective Properties of Vitamin D and Lumisterol Hydroxyderivatives>, Quality Control of 434-16-2, the main research area is vitamin D lumisterol hydroxyderivative photoprotective property review; DNA damage; Lumisterol; Oxidative stress; Skin; Ultraviolet B; Vitamin D.

A review. Abstract: We have previously described new pathways of vitamin D3 activation by CYP11A1 to produce a variety of metabolites including 20(OH)D3 and 20,23(OH)2D3. These can be further hydroxylated by CYP27B1 to produce their C1α-hydroxyderivatives. CYP11A1 similarly initiates the metabolism of lumisterol (L3) through sequential hydroxylation of the side chain to produce 20(OH)L3, 22(OH)L3, 20,22(OH)2L3 and 24(OH)L3. CYP11A1 also acts on 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC) producing 22(OH)7DHC, 20,22(OH)27DHC and 7-dehydropregnenolone (7DHP) which can be converted to the D3 and L3 configurations following exposure to UVB. These CYP11A1-derived compounds are produced in vivo and are biol. active displaying anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and pro-differentiation properties. Since the protective role of the classical form of vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) against UVB-induced damage is recognized, we recently tested whether novel CYP11A1-derived D3- and L3-hydroxyderivatives protect against UVB-induced damage in epidermal human keratinocytes and melanocytes. We found that along with 1,25(OH)2D3, CYP11A1-derived D3-hydroxyderivatives and L3 and its hydroxyderivatives exert photoprotective effects. These included induction of intracellular free radical scavenging and attenuation and repair of DNA damage. The protection of human keratinocytes against DNA damage included the activation of the NRF2-regulated antioxidant response, p53-phosphorylation and its translocation to the nucleus, and DNA repair induction. These data indicate that novel derivatives of vitamin D3 and lumisterol are promising photoprotective agents. However, detailed mechanisms of action, and the involvement of specific nuclear receptors, other vitamin D binding proteins or mitochondria, remain to be established.

Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics published new progress about Absorption Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Quality Control of 434-16-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Holick, Michael F. published the artcile< Sunlight, UV Radiation, Vitamin D, and Skin Cancer: How Much Sunlight Do We Need?>, Recommanded Product: (3S,9S,10R,13R,14R,17R)-10,13-Dimethyl-17-((R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-2,3,4,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol, the main research area is vitaminD UV radiation sunlight skin cancer human health; 25-hydroxyvitamin D; Melanoma; Photobiology; Previtamin D; Skin cancer; Sunlight; Ultraviolet radiation; Vitamin D; Vitamin D deficiency; Vitamin D sufficiency.

Vitamin D is the sunshine vitamin for good reason. During exposure to sunlight, the UV B photons enter the skin and photolyze 7-dehydrocholesterol to previtamin D3 which in turn is isomerized by the body′s temperature to vitamin D3. Most humans have depended on sun for their vitamin D requirement. Skin pigment, sunscreen use, aging, time of day, season, and latitude dramatically affect previtamin D3 synthesis. Vitamin D deficiency was thought to have been conquered, but it is now recognized that more than 50% of the world′s population is at risk for vitamin D deficiency. This deficiency is in part due to the inadequate fortification of foods with vitamin D and the misconception that a healthy diet contains an adequate amount of vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency causes growth retardation and rickets in children and will precipitate and exacerbate osteopenia, osteoporosis and increase risk of fracture in adults. The vitamin D deficiency pandemic has other serious consequences including increased risk of common cancers, autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and cardiovascular disease. There needs to be a renewed appreciation of the beneficial effect of moderate sensible sunlight for providing all humans with their vitamin D requirement for health.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology published new progress about Osteopenia. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Recommanded Product: (3S,9S,10R,13R,14R,17R)-10,13-Dimethyl-17-((R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-2,3,4,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Guez, B. A. Rbara Socas-Rodri; Sandahl, Margareta; Holm, Cecilia; Turner, Charlotta published the artcile< Recent advances in the analysis of vitamin D and its metabolites in food matrices>, Name: (3S,9S,10R,13R,14R,17R)-10,13-Dimethyl-17-((R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-2,3,4,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol, the main research area is review food analysis vitamin D metabolites chromatog.

A review. Vitamin D and its analogs are fat-soluble vitamins that carry out important functions in human and animal organisms. Many studies have pointed out the relationship between the deficiency of these substances and the development of both skeletal- and extra-skeletal diseases. Although vitamin D is fundamentally derived from the bio-transformation of its precursor, 7-dehydrocholesterol, through the action of UV-B radiation in the skin, dietary intake also plays an important role in the regulation of its status in an organism. For this reason, the application of reliable methodologies that enable monitoring the content of vitamin D and its analogs in food and supplements constitutes an aspect of special relevance to establish adequate habits, which avoid the deficiency of these substances in organisms and, consequently, the appearance of related diseases. The use of chromatog. techniques in combination with conventional and novel sample pre-treatments has become a suitable strategy to achieve this aim. This review compiles the most relevant methodologies reported in the last ten years for vitamin D analogs anal. in food matrixes. Particular attention has been paid to provide a general overview of the most suitable approaches in terms of reliability, sensitivity and simplicity, used in the field of food anal.

Separations published new progress about Chromatography. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Name: (3S,9S,10R,13R,14R,17R)-10,13-Dimethyl-17-((R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-2,3,4,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Allen, Luke B.; Genaro-Mattos, Thiago C.; Porter, Ned A.; Mirnics, Karoly; Korade, Zeljka published the artcile< Desmosterolosis and desmosterol homeostasis in the developing mouse brain>, Recommanded Product: (3S,9S,10R,13R,14R,17R)-10,13-Dimethyl-17-((R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-2,3,4,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol, the main research area is desmosterolosis desmosterol homeostasis brain; 7-dehydrocholesterol; Dhcr24; Dhcr7; cholesterol; desmosterol.

Cholesterol serves as a building material for cellular membranes and plays an important role in cellular metabolism The brain relies on its own cholesterol biosynthesis, which starts during embryonic development. Cholesterol is synthesized from two immediate precursors, desmosterol and 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC). Mutations in the DHCR24 enzyme, which converts desmosterol into cholesterol, lead to desmosterolosis, an autosomal recessive developmental disorder. In this study, we assessed the brain content of desmosterol, 7-DHC, and cholesterol from development to adulthood, and analyzed the biochem., mol., and anatomical consequences of Dhcr24 mutations on the sterol profile in a mouse model of desmosterolosis and heterozygous Dhcr24+/- carriers. Our HPLC-MS/MS studies revealed that by P0 desmosterol almost entirely replaced cholesterol in the Dhcr24-KO brain. The greatly elevated desmosterol levels were also present in the Dhcr24-Het brains irresp. of maternal genotype, persisting into adulthood. Furthermore, Dhcr24-KO mice brains showed complex changes in expression of lipid and sterol transcripts, nuclear receptors, and synaptic plasticity transcripts. Cultured Dhcr24-KO neurons showed increased arborization, which was also present in the Dhcr24-KO mouse brains. Finally, we observed a shared pathophysiol. mechanism between the mouse models of desmosterolosis and Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (a genetic disorder of conversion of 7-DHC to cholesterol).

Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease published new progress about Apolipoprotein A-II Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Recommanded Product: (3S,9S,10R,13R,14R,17R)-10,13-Dimethyl-17-((R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-2,3,4,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zakany, Florina; Pap, Pal; Papp, Ferenc; Kovacs, Tamas; Nagy, Peter; Peter, Maria; Szente, Lajos; Panyi, Gyorgy; Varga, Zoltan published the artcile< Determining the target of membrane sterols on voltage-gated potassium channels>, Electric Literature of 434-16-2, the main research area is sterol voltage gated potassium channel intracellular domain transmembrane helix; Cholesterol; Ion channel gating; K(V)1.3; K(V)10.1; Pore domain; Voltage-sensor.

Cholesterol, an essential lipid component of cellular plasma membranes, regulates fluidity, mech.integrity, raft structure and may specifically interact with membrane proteins. Numerous effects on ion channels by cholesterol, including changes in current amplitude, voltage dependence and gating kinetics, have been reported. We have previously described such changes in the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 of lymphocytes by cholesterol and its analog 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC). In voltage-gated channels membrane depolarization induces movement of the voltage sensor domains (VSD), which is transmitted by a coupling mechanism to the pore domain (PD) to open the channel. Here, we investigated whether cholesterol effects were mediated by the VSD to the pore or the PD was the direct target. Specificity was tested by comparing Kv1.3 and Kv10.1 channels having different VSD-PD coupling mechanisms. Current recordings were performed with two-electrode voltage-clamp fluorometry, where movement of the VSDs was monitored by attaching fluorophores to external cysteine residues introduced in the channel sequence. Loading the membrane with cholesterol or 7DHC using methyl-β-cyclodextrin induced changes in the steady-state and kinetic parameters of the ionic currents while leaving fluorescence parameters mostly unaffected in both channels. Non-stationary noise anal.revealed that reductionof single channel conductance rather than that of open probability caused the observedcurrent decrease. Furthermore, confocal laser scanning and stimulated emission depletion microscopy demonstrated significant changes in the distribution of these ion channels in response to sterol loading. Our results indicate that sterol-induced effects on ion channel gating directly target the pore and do not act via the VSD.

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids published new progress about Antibodies and Immunoglobulins Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Electric Literature of 434-16-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Xiu, Xiang; Sun, Yi; Wu, Yaokang; Jin, Ke; Qu, Lisha; Liu, Yanfeng; Li, Jianghua; Du, Guocheng; Lv, Xueqin; Liu, Long published the artcile< Modular remodeling of sterol metabolism for overproduction of 7-dehydrocholesterol in engineered yeast>, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is 7-Dehydrocholesterol; CRISPR-mediated regulatory system; Compartmentalization; Endoplasmic reticulum; Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Vitamin D3 is a fat-soluble vitamin essential for the human body, and the biosynthesis of its precursor, 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC), gains extensive attention. In this work, six genes (tHMG1, IDI1, ERG1, ERG11, ADH2, ERG7) and a transcription factor mutant UPC2G888A were overexpressed, increasing the 7-DHC titer from 1.2 to 115.3 mg/L. The CRISPR-mediated activation and repression systems were constructed and applied to the synthesis of 7-DHC, increasing the 7-DHC titer to 312.4 mg/L. Next, enzymes were compartmentalized into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the ER lumen was enlarged by overexpressing INO2. The 7-DHC titer of the finally engineered yeast reached 455.6 mg/L in a shake flask and 2870 mg/L in a 5 L bioreactor, the highest 7-DHC titer reported so far. Overall, this study achieved a highly efficient 7-DHC synthesis by remodeling the complicated sterol synthesis modules, paving the way for large-scale 7-DHC bioprodn. in the future.

Bioresource Technology published new progress about 434-16-2. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Radicioni, Milko; Caverzasio, Carol; Rovati, Stefano; Giori, Andrea Maria; Cupone, Irma; Marra, Fabio; Mautone, Giuseppe published the artcile< Comparative Bioavailability Study of a New Vitamin D3 Orodispersible Film Versus a Marketed Oral Solution in Healthy Volunteers>, HPLC of Formula: 434-16-2, the main research area is vitamin D3 bioavailability orodispersible orally disintegrating film immune system.

An orally disintegrating film (ODF) formulation of vitamin D3 that dissolves rapidly in the mouth without drinking or chewing may be a worthwhile alternative to currently available drug products for therapeutic vitamin D supplementation. This study aimed to compare the bioavailability of a single dose of a vitamin D3 25000 I. U. ODF with those of a marketed oral vitamin D3 preparation in healthy subjects. This Phase 1, randomised, parallel-group, open-label study compared the pharmacokinetics of calcifediol [25(OH)D3], the precursor of bioactive vitamin D3, after a single dose of a new vitamin D3 25,000 I. U. ODF with those of a Reference formulation (vitamin D3 25000 I.U./2.5 mL oral solution) in healthy adult subjects using a validated liquid chromatog.-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay. The primary objective was bioavailability under fed conditions, defined as maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of 25(OH)D3 and area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to time t, the last quantifiable concentration (AUC0-t). The pharmacokinetics of 25(OH)D3 were also evaluated following the ODF administration under fasting conditions. Subjects were randomised to receive a single dose of the vitamin D3 25000 I. U. ODF or the Reference oral solution under fed conditions or the vitamin D3 ODF under fasting conditions. Forty-eight healthy subjects were randomised and completed the study. Overall, the pharmacokinetic profile was very similar across the three treatment groups, and bioavailability did not significantly differ among treatments. Under fed conditions, mean 25(OH)D3 plasma values for Cmax were 6.68 ± 2.03 vs. 6.61 ± 2.62 ng/mL for the Test vs. Reference formulations. Corresponding values for AUC0-t were 2364.80 ± 1336.97 vs. 2150.52 ± 1622.76 ng/mL x h. Mean Cmax was slightly lower (6.68 ± 2.03 vs 7.23 ± 1.48 ng/mL) and the time to reach peak concentration was delayed (144 h 36-312 vs. 42 h 2-480) with the ODF under fed vs. fasting conditions (p = 0.0371). The point estimates and 90% CIs of the Testfed/Referencefed ratios of the geometric means showed that the bioavailability of exogenous 25(OH)D3 was, both in rate and extent of absorption, slightly higher with the vitamin D3 ODF than the vitamin D3 oral solution under the administration conditions recommended for the vitamin D3 oral solution Palatability and ease of use of the ODF were satisfactory. Conclusion: The new ODF 25000 I. U. formulation provided a valuable alternative to the marketed oral solution for therapeutic vitamin D supplementation, with a bioavailability that was slightly higher than that of the vitamin D3 oral solution administered under the same conditions.

Clinical Drug Investigation published new progress about Bioavailability. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, HPLC of Formula: 434-16-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ghersi, Dario; Genaro-Mattos, Thiago C. published the artcile< Identifying Molecular Fragments That Drive 7-Dehydrocholesterol Elevation>, Quality Control of 434-16-2, the main research area is cholesterol metabolism 7 dehydrocholesterol pharmacophore molBLOCKS DHCR7; Smith Lemli Opitz Syndrome.

Medications having the unwanted side effect of inhibiting 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7), one of the last enzymes in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, account for about 300 million yearly prescriptions in the United States. Many of these drugs are currently prescribed to pregnant women. Many DHCR7-inhibiting medications share chem. similarities, which can be the active substructure responsible for the medication affinity to the enzyme. This work highlights a computational strategy to identify enriched fragments in a set of DHCR7-inhibiting medications. The computational approach used here involves systematic fragmentation of mols. using the molBLOCKS tool, followed by enrichment anal. The results of this approach highlight putative pharmacophores that might be responsible for the DHCR7-inhibiting activity of some of these medications. The identification of DHCR7-inhibiting substructures is an important step toward knowledge-based drug development and can improve the neurodevelopmental safety of medications.

ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science published new progress about Chemoinformatics. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Quality Control of 434-16-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Kiourtzidis, Mikis; Kuehn, Julia; Brandsch, Corinna; Stangl, Gabriele I. published the artcile< Vitamin d status of mice deficient in scavenger receptor class B Type 1, cluster determinant 36 and ATP-binding cassette proteins G5/G8>, Recommanded Product: (3S,9S,10R,13R,14R,17R)-10,13-Dimethyl-17-((R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-2,3,4,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol, the main research area is kidney liver heart vitamin D Srb1 Cd36 Abcg5; ATP-binding cassette transporters G5/G8; cluster determinant 36; mice; scavenger receptor class B type 1; vitamin D.

Classical lipid transporters are suggested to modulate cellular vitamin D uptake. This study investigated the vitamin D levels in serum and tissues of mice deficient in SR-B1 (Srb1-/-), CD36 (Cd36-/-) and ABC-G5/G8 (Abcg5/g8-/-) and compared them with corresponding wild-type (WT) mice. All mice received triple-deuterated vitamin D3 (vitamin D3-d3) for six weeks. All knockout mice vs. WT mice showed specific alterations in their vitamin D concentrations Srb1-/- mice had higher levels of vitamin D3-d3 in the serum, adipose tissue, kidney and heart, whereas liver levels of vitamin D3-d3 remained unaffected. Addnl., Srb1-/- mice had lower levels of deuterated 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3-d3) in the serum, liver and kidney compared to WT mice. In contrast, Cd36-/- and WT mice did not differ in the serum and tissue levels of vitamin D3-d3, but Cd36-/- vs. WT mice were characterized by lower levels of 25(OH)D3-d3 in the serum, liver and kidney. Finally, Abcg5/g8-/- mice tended to have higher levels of vitamin D3-d3 in the serum and liver. Major alterations in Abcg5/g8-/- mice were notably higher levels of 25(OH)D3-d3 in the serum and kidney, accompanied by a higher hepatic mRNA abundance of Cyp27a1 hydroxylase. To conclude, the current data emphasize the significant role of lipid transporters in the uptake, tissue distribution and activation of vitamin D.

Nutrients published new progress about Adipose tissue. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Recommanded Product: (3S,9S,10R,13R,14R,17R)-10,13-Dimethyl-17-((R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-2,3,4,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wu, Xu; Pan, Xiaoli; Cao, Sumei; Xu, Faqiong; Lan, Liming; Zhang, Yingyan; Lian, Senyang; Yan, Meijiao; Li, Ang published the artcile< iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis provides insights into strong broodiness in Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) combined with metabolomics analysis>, Formula: C27H44O, the main research area is proteome metabolome APOV1 SAA VLDLR Cairina; Broodiness; Metabolomics; Muscovy duck; Ovary; Proteomics; iTRAQ.

Much attention has been paid to the broodiness of the Muscovy duck, but the mol. mechanism of broodiness remains largely unknown. In this study, the ovary tissues of Muscovy ducks during the broody and laying periods were used to investigate differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) by the iTRAQ-based proteomics approach. A total of 335 DEPs were identified, including 139 up-regulated and 196 down-regulated proteins. Six proteins (APOV1, GAL, SAA, GNB5, VLDLR and CDK1) with higher changes in expression were selected, and these proteins are mainly involved in the pathways related to reproductive performance, such as Oocyte meiosis, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Steroid biosynthesis was the most significantly enriched pathway by KEGG pathway enriched anal. The qRT-PCR anal. was applied to verify the proteomic anal. Meanwhile, metabolomics anal. found that several important differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) (7-dehydrodesmosterol, 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3, 7-Dehydrocholesterol, Pregnanolone, Allopregnanolone and estrogen) that were also mainly involved in Steroid biosynthesis, Steroid hormone biosynthesis and Metabolic pathways. Crucially, the changes in the abundance of these metabolites are closely related to the changes in the protein abundance of proteins identified in the same pathway, and it is always the upstream key enzymes that influence the production of downstream metabolites.

Journal of Proteomics published new progress about Cairina moschata Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Formula: C27H44O.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts