Category: 3458-28-4

Wang, Libo; Li, Tengfei; Liu, Fangcheng; Liu, Dawei; Xu, Yaqin; Yang, Yu; Zhao, Yanbo; Wei, He published the artcile< Ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction and characterization of polysaccharides from dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) leaves>, Computed Properties of 3458-28-4, the main research area is polysaccharide ultrasonic enzymic extraction leaf Taraxacum; Dandelion; Polysaccharides; Simulated digestion; Structural characterization; Ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction.

Ultrasonic-assisted enzymic extraction (UAEE) technol. was employed to extract the polysaccharides from dandelion leaves (DLP). The extraction conditions were optimized by response surface method (RSM) and Box-Behnken design (BBD). The polysaccharide yield (14.05 ± 0.95%), which well matched with the predicted value of 14.27%, was obtained under the optimum parameters: ultrasound power 500 W, ultrasound time 42 min, cellulase amount 4.90%, and particle size 80 mesh. After purification by AB-8 Macroporous Resin and Sephadex G-100 column, a novel polysaccharide (DLP-I) was isolated and its mol. weight was estimated to be 87,000 g/mol by high performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC). Gas chromatog. (GC) anal. showed that DLP-I was composed of rhamnose, arabinose, mannose, galactose and glucose in the molar ratio of 1.14:1.00:1.05:4.76:1.52. 1D and 2D NMR spectra confirmed that the backbone of DLP-I was mainly consisted of →4)-α-D-Galp-(1→, →4)-β-D-Manp-(1→, →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →2,4)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, and α-L-Araf-(1→ with branching at O-2 and O-4 of →2,4)-α-L-Rhap-(1→. In addition, the digestion results showed DLP-I could keep its stability during the simulated digestive juices.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Food processing. 3458-28-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Computed Properties of 3458-28-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

De Rossi, Charles; Bambino, Kathryn; Morrison, Joshua; Sakarin, Isabel; Villacorta-Martin, Carlos; Zhang, Changwen; Ellis, Jillian L.; Fiel, M. Isabel; Ybanez, Maria; Lee, Youngmin A.; Huang, Kuan-lin; Yin, Chunyue; Sakaguchi, Takuya F.; Friedman, Scott L.; Villanueva, Augusto; Chu, Jaime published the artcile< Mannose Phosphate Isomerase and Mannose Regulate Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Fibrosis in Zebrafish and Humans>, Product Details of C6H12O6, the main research area is fibrosis hepatic stellate cell mannose phosphate isomerase.

The growing burden of liver fibrosis and lack of effective antifibrotic therapies highlight the need for identification of pathways and complementary model systems of hepatic fibrosis. A rare, monogenic disorder in which children with mutations in mannose phosphate isomerase (MPI) develop liver fibrosis led us to explore the function of MPI and mannose metabolism in liver development and adult liver diseases. Herein, analyses of transcriptomic data from three human liver cohorts demonstrate that MPI gene expression is down-regulated proportionate to fibrosis in chronic liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatitis B virus. Depletion of MPI in zebrafish liver in vivo and in human hepatic stellate cell (HSC) lines in culture activates fibrotic responses, indicating that loss of MPI promotes HSC activation. We further demonstrate that mannose supplementation can attenuate HSC activation, leading to reduced fibrogenic activation in zebrafish, culture-activated HSCs, and in ethanol-activated HSCs. Conclusion: These data indicate the prospect that modulation of mannose metabolism pathways could reduce HSC activation and improve hepatic fibrosis.

Hepatology (Hoboken, NJ, United States) published new progress about Animal gene, COL1A1 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 3458-28-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Product Details of C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Rong, Yu; Yang, Ruili; Yang, Yuzhe; Wen, Yazhou; Liu, Sixin; Li, Congfa; Hu, Zhuoyan; Cheng, Xiangrong; Li, Wu published the artcile< Structural characterization of an active polysaccharide of longan and evaluation of immunological activity>, HPLC of Formula: 3458-28-4, the main research area is longan pulp polysaccharide structure immunomodulatory activity signaling; Immunomodulatory activities; Longan polysaccharides; Signaling pathways; Structural features.

An active polysaccharide (LPD2) was isolated from longan pulp by comparing the effects of polysaccharides on the phagocytosis of macrophages. LPD2 was composed of arabinose, mannose, glucose, and galactose in a molar ratio of 0.25:0.49:1:0.5 with average mol. weight of 9.64 × 106 Da. The main linkages of the sugar residues of LPD2 were (1→4)-β-Glc and (1→6)-β-Man. LPD2 significantly enhanced the lymphocytes proliferation, phagocytosis and NO and IL-6 secretion by macrophage. The anti-TLR2 and anti-TLR4 mAbs markedly suppressed LPD2-mediated NO and IL-6 production Furthermore, anti-TLR4 or anti-TLR2 plus anti-TLR4 treatment significantly decreased LPD2-induced increase of MyD88, IRAK4, TRAF6 and INOS mRNA expression. Moreover, western blotting anal. showed that LPD2 enhanced the expression of target proteins in MyD88/IRAK4-TRAF6- INOS pathways. These results suggested that LPD2 induced macrophage activation partly via the TLR2- and TLR4-mediated MyD88/IRAK4-TRAF6 signaling pathways. Knowing the structural features and activities of active polysaccharide of longan gives the insights into longan polysaccharide application as an immunomodulatory agent.

Carbohydrate Polymers published new progress about Cell activation. 3458-28-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, HPLC of Formula: 3458-28-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ji, Xiaolong; Hou, Chunyan; Yan, Yizhe; Shi, Miaomiao; Liu, Yanqi published the artcile< Comparison of structural characterization and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) fruit>, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is Ziziphus fruit polysaccharide antioxidant activity; Antioxidant activities; Jujube; Polysaccharide; Structural characterization.

The aim of this paper was to prepare purified fractions of polysaccharides from jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) fruit and further compare their structural characteristics and antioxidant activities. Firstly, three purified jujube polysaccharides, named PZMP1, PZMP2 and PZMP3, were successfully prepared by DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300 columns. Then, their characteristics were studied and then compared by using chem. testing, high-performance gel permeation chromatog. (HPGPC), gas chromatog. (GC), Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), methylation anal., NMR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM (SEM) and at. force microscopy (AFM). Thereafter, their antioxidant activities were also contrasted. The data achieved demonstrated that the three jujube polysaccharides derived from different adsorption capacity of DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300 columns possessed different structural characteristics and antioxidant activity, and with higher galacturonic acid content could exhibit better antioxidant bioactivities, which could provide certain directions for the functional and medicinal purposes development of jujube polysaccharides.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Antioxidants. 3458-28-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Nifei; Zhang, Xiaojun; Wang, Shaowei; Guo, Qingbin; Li, Zhenjing; Liu, Huanhuan; Wang, Changlu published the artcile< Structural characterisation and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides from white asparagus skin>, Recommanded Product: (2S,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is immunomodulatory polysaccharide asparagus skin; Immunomodulatory; NMR; Pectin; Polysaccharide; Structure; White asparagus skin.

The physicochem. properties, structural features and immunomodulatory effects of the white asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) skin polysaccharides (WASP) were systematically studied. WASP showed a pectic-like structure with a relatively low degree of esterification (DE, 18%); the weight-average mol. weight (Mw) and intrinsic viscosity were 76.1 kDa and 13 mL/g, resp. Structurally, the dominated sugar residue of WASP was 4-α-D-GalpA (39.7 mol%), while other residues including α-L-Araf, 3-α-L-Rhap, 2,4-α-L-Rhap, and 4-β-D-Galp were also detected with a comparable amount A proposed structure of WASP was also presented. Physiol., WASP could modulate the immune response of RAW 264.7 macrophages through increasing the release of immune factors (IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10) and improving the expression of mRNA. To conclude, the pectic-like polysaccharides from white asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) skin could be potentially used as an immunomodulatory agent in functional food.

Carbohydrate Polymers published new progress about Asparagus (white). 3458-28-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Recommanded Product: (2S,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ayyash, Mutamed; Abu-Jdayil, Basim; Itsaranuwat, Pariyaporn; Galiwango, Emmanuel; Tamiello-Rosa, Camila; Abdullah, Hassan; Esposito, Gennaro; Hunashal, Yamanappa; Obaid, Reyad S.; Hamed, Fathalla published the artcile< Characterization, bioactivities, and rheological properties of exopolysaccharide produced by novel probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum C70 isolated from camel milk>, Recommanded Product: (2S,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is exopolysaccharide probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum camel milk characterization rheol property; Anticancer; Antidiabetic; Exopolysaccharides; L. plantarum; Rheological properties.

Various industries highly regard the functionalities and bioactivities of bacterial polysaccharides. We aimed to characterize the exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by novel probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum C70 (accession number KX881779) isolated from camel milk and to investigate its bioactivities and rheol. properties. EPS-C70 had a weight-average mol. weight (Mw) of 3.8 × 105 Da. Arabinose (13.3%), mannose (7.1%), glucose (74.6%), and galactose (5.0%) were the major monosaccharides constituents. EPS-C70 had two endothermic peaks at 76.95°C and 158.76°C corresponding to glass transition (Tg) and m.p. (Tm), resp. Zeta potential and particle size of EPS-C70 were -330.71 mV and 525.5 nm, resp. DPPH and ABTS of EPS-C70 were 75.91% and 49.42% at 10 mg/mL concentration, resp. The cytotoxic activities against colon cancer and breast cancer lines were 88.1% and 73.1% at concentration 10 mg/mL, resp. EPS-C70 exhibited shear-thinning behavior. Salts and pH values had a significant impact on the rheol. properties of EPS-C70.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Antidiabetic agents. 3458-28-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Recommanded Product: (2S,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Lenger, Stacy M.; Bradley, Megan S.; Thomas, Debbie A.; Bertolet, Marnie H.; Lowder, Jerry L.; Sutcliffe, Siobhan published the artcile< D-mannose vs other agents for recurrent urinary tract infection prevention in adult women: a systematic review and meta-analysis>, Product Details of C6H12O6, the main research area is human D mannose urinary tract infection prevention meta analysis; D-mannose; UTI; nonantibiotic; nutraceutical; prevention; recurrent urinary tract infection; urinary tract infection.

We performed a systematic review and meta-anal. to determine whether D-mannose reduces urinary tract infection recurrence (ie, cumulative incidence) in adult women with recurrent urinary tract infection compared with other prevention agents. Secondary outcomes included side effects and compliance with D-mannose use. Ovid Medline 1946-, Embase 1947-, Scopus 1823-, Cochrane Library, Web of Science 1900-, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched through 4/15/2020. Systematic review inclusion: randomized controlled trials, prospective cohorts, and retrospective cohorts written in English of women ≥18 years old with recurrent urinary tract infection in which D-mannose was utilized as an outpatient prevention regimen. Systematic review exclusion: lab or animal-based research, study protocols only, and conference abstracts Meta-anal. inclusion: stated D-mannose dose, follow-up time ≥6 mo, a comparison arm to D-mannose, and data available from women ≥18 years of age. Two independent reviewers made abstract, full text, and data extraction decisions. Study methodol. quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Relative risks, confidence intervals, and heterogeneity were computed. Searches identified 776 unique citations. Eight publications met eligibility: 2 using D-mannose only; 6 using D-mannose combined with another treatment. Seven studies were prospective: 2 randomized controlled trials, 1 randomized cross-over trial, and 4 prospective cohort studies. One retrospective cohort study was included. Three studies met meta-anal. eligibility (1 randomized controlled trial, 1 randomized cross-over trial, and 1 prospective cohort). Pooled relative risk of urinary tract infection recurrence comparing D-mannose to placebo was 0.23 (95% confidence interval, 0.14-0.37; heterogeneity = 0%; D-mannose n = 125, placebo n = 123). Pooled relative risk of urinary tract infection recurrence comparing D-mannose to preventative antibiotics was 0.39 (95% confidence interval, 0.12-1.25; heterogeneity = 88%; D-mannose n = 163, antibiotics n = 163). Adverse side effects were reported in 2 studies assessing D-mannose only (1 study (n = 10) reported none; the other reported a low incidence (8/103 participants) of diarrhea). Two studies reported compliance, which was high. D-mannose appears protective for recurrent urinary tract infection (vs placebo) with possibly similar effectiveness as antibiotics. Overall, D-mannose appears well tolerated with minimal side effects-only a small percentage experiencing diarrhea. Meta-anal. interpretation must consider the small number of studies with varied study design and quality and the overall small sample size.

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology published new progress about Back pain. 3458-28-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Product Details of C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Hong, Yawen; Ying, Tiejin published the artcile< Isolation, molecular characterization and antioxidant activity of a water-soluble polysaccharide extracted from the fruiting body of Termitornyces albuminosus (Berk.) Heim>, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is Termitomyces fruiting body water soluble polysaccharide antioxidant activty; Antioxidant activity; Polysaccharide; Structure analysis; Termitornyces albuminosus.

A water-soluble polysaccharide WSP1 was extracted from the fruiting body of Termitornyces albuminosus. Its mol. weight, monosaccharide composition and mol. structure were determined by GPC, GC-MS, UV spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, methylation anal., NMR (1D and 2D) and AFM. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of WSP1 was evaluated in vitro by the tests of reducing power, scavenging ability on DPPH radical and hydroxyl radical, and chelating ability on ferrous ion. The results indicated that the mol. weight of WSP1 was 9 kDa, and it was mainly composed of fucose and galactose in a molar ratio of 1:3.09. Based on monosaccharide composition, methylation anal. and NMR, the possible repeating unit of WSP1 was presented as follows:→2-α-L-Fucp-1→ (6-α-D-Galp-1)3→. The antioxidant assay revealed that, in the concentration range tested in this experiment, WSP1 had strong scavenging ability on DPPH radical, suggesting that WSP1 could be potentially used as a powerful radical scavenger.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Antioxidants. 3458-28-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gas-Pascual, Elisabet; Ichikawa, Hiroshi Travis; Sheikh, Mohammed Osman; Serji, Mariam Isabella; Deng, Bowen; Mandalasi, Msano; Bandini, Giulia; Samuelson, John; Wells, Lance; West, Christopher M. published the artcile< CRISPR/Cas9 and glycomics tools for toxoplasma glycobiology>, Safety of (2S,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is genome editing CRISPR Cas9 glycome Toxoplasma human infection; CRISPR/Cas; Toxoplasma gondii; glycan; glycobiology; glycogene; glycomics; glycosyltransferase; mass spectrometry (MS); parasitology; protein glycosylation.

Infection with the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii is a major health risk owing to birth defects, its chronic nature, ability to reactivate to cause blindness and encephalitis, and high prevalence in human populations. Unlike most eukaryotes, Toxoplasma propagates in intracellular parasitophorous vacuoles, but like nearly all other eukaryotes, Toxoplasma glycosylates many cellular proteins and lipids and assembles polysaccharides. Toxoplasma glycans resemble those of other eukaryotes, but species-specific variations have prohibited deeper investigations into their roles in parasite biol. and virulence. The Toxoplasma genome encodes a suite of likely glycogenes expected to assemble N-glycans, O-glycans, a C-glycan, GPI-anchors, and polysaccharides, along with their precursors and membrane transporters. To investigate the roles of specific glycans in Toxoplasma, here we coupled genetic and glycomics approaches to map the connections between 67 glycogenes, their enzyme products, the glycans to which they contribute, and cellular functions. We applied a double-CRISPR/Cas9 strategy, in which two guide RNAs promote replacement of a candidate gene with a resistance gene; adapted MS-based glycomics workflows to test for effects on glycan formation; and infected fibroblast monolayers to assess cellular effects. By editing 17 glycogenes, we discovered novel Glc0-2-Man6-GlcNAc2-type N-glycans, a novel HexNAc-GalNAc-mucin-type O-glycan, and Tn-antigen; identified the glycosyltransferases for assembling novel nuclear O-Fuc-type and cell surface Glc-Fuc-type O-glycans; and showed that they are important for in vitro growth. The guide sequences, editing constructs, and mutant strains are freely available to researchers to investigate the roles of glycans in their favorite biol. processes.

Journal of Biological Chemistry published new progress about Amplicon Role: BUU (Biological Use, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study), USES (Uses) (DHFR). 3458-28-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Safety of (2S,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Heindel, Daniel W.; Koppolu, Sujeethraj; Zhang, Yue; Kasper, Brian; Meche, Lawrence; Vaiana, Christopher A.; Bissel, Stephanie J.; Carter, Chalise E.; Kelvin, Alyson A.; Elaish, Mohamed; Lopez-Orozco, Joaquin; Zhang, Bin; Zhou, Bin; Chou, Tsui-Wen; Lashua, Lauren; Hobman, Tom C.; Ross, Ted M.; Ghedin, Elodie; Mahal, Lara K. published the artcile< Glycomic analysis of host response reveals high mannose as a key mediator of influenza severity>, Reference of 3458-28-4, the main research area is mannose lectin MBL2 Influenza virus infection glycomic; MBL2; lectin array; lectin microarray; mannan binding lectin; mannose binding lectin.

Influenza virus infections cause a wide variety of outcomes, from mild disease to 3 to 5 million cases of severe illness and ∼290,000 to 645,000 deaths annually worldwide. The mol. mechanisms underlying these disparate outcomes are currently unknown. Glycosylation within the human host plays a critical role in influenza virus biol. However, the impact these modifications have on the severity of influenza disease has not been examined Herein, we profile the glycomic host responses to influenza virus infection as a function of disease severity using a ferret model and our lectin microarray technol. We identify the glycan epitope high mannose as a marker of influenza virus-induced pathogenesis and severity of disease outcome. Induction of high mannose is dependent upon the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway, a pathway previously shown to associate with lung damage and severity of influenza virus infection. Also, the mannan-binding lectin (MBL2), an innate immune lectin that neg. impacts influenza outcomes, recognizes influenza virus-infected cells in a high mannose-dependent manner. Together, our data argue that the high mannose motif is an infection-associated mol. pattern on host cells that may guide immune responses leading to the concomitant damage associated with severity.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America published new progress about Epitopes (glycan). 3458-28-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Reference of 3458-28-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts