Category: 2588-77-4

Cavanagh, Joseph E. published the artcileOzonation byproducts: identification of bromohydrins from the ozonation of natural waters with enhanced bromide levels, Product Details of C5H11BrO, the publication is Environmental Science and Technology (1992), 26(8), 1658-62, database is CAplus.

Ozonization of 2 surface waters with enhanced levels of Br^– results in the formation of a group of previously unidentified, labile compounds identified as bromohydrins. The compounds are isolated by liquid-liquid extraction and identified by a combination of GC coupled with IR spectroscopy (GC/FT-IR) and GC coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) using electron impact and chem. ionization sources, with 2% NH₃ in CH₄ as the reagent gas. The principal bromohydrin byproduct is 3-bromo-2-methyl-2-butanol, which was confirmed by independent synthesis and comparison of spectral data. At least 6 other bromohydrins are formed during the ozonization/bromination process. These compounds are also formed by reaction of the natural water with aqueous Br, irresp. of prior ozonization, but the nature of their precursors is unknown.

Environmental Science and Technology published new progress about 2588-77-4. 2588-77-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 2-Methyl-3-bromo-2-butanol, and the molecular formula is C5H11BrO, Product Details of C5H11BrO.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Escobedo, Ericson published the artcileActivation of hydrogen peroxide, persulfate, and free chlorine by steel anode for treatment of municipal and livestock wastewater: Unravelling the role of oxidants speciation, Recommanded Product: 2-Methyl-3-bromo-2-butanol, the publication is Water Research (2022), 118305, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Despite the extensive application of electrochem. advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) in wastewater treatment, the exact speciation of oxidants and their effects on pollutants removal efficiency, byproducts formation, and effluent toxicity are largely unknown. In this study, galvanostatic steel anodes were used to drive the electrochem. activation of hydrogen peroxide (EAHP), persulfate (EAP), and free chlorine (EAFC), for industrial-scale treatment of municipal and livestock wastewater with a focus on micropollutants and transformation products (MTPs) and effluent toxicity. Response surface methodol. determined the optimized conditions for each treatment towards total organic carbon ([TOC]₀ = 180 mg/L) removal at pH 3.0: persulfate dose = 0.12 mmol/min, 26.5 mA/cm²; free chlorine dose = 0.29 mmol/min, 37.4 mA/cm²; H₂O₂ dose = 0.20 mmol/min, 45 mA/cm². Probe-compound degradation revealed that HO^•, SO^•-₄ and Fe^IVO²⁺ species were simultaneously generated in EAP, whereas HO^• and Fe^IVO²⁺ were the principal oxidants in EAHP and EAFC, resp. Samples were analyzed via liquid and gas chromatog. in non-target screening (NTS) mode to monitor the generation or removal of MTPs and byproducts including compounds that have not been reported previously. The speciation of oxidants, shifted in presence of halide ions (Cl^–, Br^–) in real wastewater samples, significantly affected the mineralization efficiency and byproduct formation. The production of halogenated byproducts in EAFC and EAP substantially increased the effluent toxicity, whereas EAHP provided non-toxic effluent and the highest mineralization efficiency (75 – 80%) to be nominated as the best strategy.

Water Research published new progress about 2588-77-4. 2588-77-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 2-Methyl-3-bromo-2-butanol, and the molecular formula is C5H11BrO, Recommanded Product: 2-Methyl-3-bromo-2-butanol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhao, Kang-He published the artcileRefractory organic compounds in coal chemical wastewater treatment by catalytic ozonation using Mn-Cu-Ce/Al₂O₃, Application In Synthesis of 2588-77-4, the publication is Environmental Science and Pollution Research (2021), 28(30), 41504-41515, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A composite Mn-Cu-Ce tri-metal oxide supported on γ-Al₂O₃ (Mn-Cu-Ce/Al₂O₃) catalyst was prepared by an impregnation-calcination method and investigated in the catalytic ozonation treatment of real coal chem. wastewater (CCW). The catalyst was characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XRF, BET, and XPS techniques. The results showed that Mn, Cu, and Ce metal oxides were evenly distributed on the Al₂O₃ surface and the catalyst maintained a large surface area and a high pore volume compared with the pristine Al₂O₃. The synergy between Mn, Cu, and Ce oxides greatly enriched the catalytic active sites and enhanced the ozonation performance. The catalytic ozonation process with Mn-Cu-Ce/Al₂O₃ increased the removal rate of total organic carbon (TOC) by 31.6% compared with ozonation alone. The ketones, aromatic compounds, phenols, and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds in CCW have been effectively degraded and mineralized by Mn-Cu-Ce/Al₂O₃ catalytic ozonation process, and its biodegradability has also been significantly improved. The exptl. results of ·OH scavengers revealed that the mechanism of Mn-Cu-Ce/Al₂O₃ catalytic ozonation was to promote the generation of ·OH radicals. The catalytic activity of Mn-Cu-Ce/Al₂O₃ was only a slight decrease in six consecutive catalytic ozonation treatments, showing good stability. Therefore, Mn-Cu-Ce/Al₂O₃ can be used as a candidate catalyst for the advanced treatment of refractory organic wastewaters upon catalytic ozonation.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research published new progress about 2588-77-4. 2588-77-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 2-Methyl-3-bromo-2-butanol, and the molecular formula is C24H20Ge, Application In Synthesis of 2588-77-4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Balandin, A. A. published the artcileCatalytic properties of zirconium phosphate, Formula: C5H11BrO, the publication is Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR (1965), 161(4), 851-2, database is CAplus.

Catalytic properties of Zr phosphate prepared according to the method described formerly (Amphlett, et al., CA 52, 14281b), were studied. The sp. surface of the catalyst was 335 sq. m./g. and the total acidity 1.2 milliequivalents/g. The kinetics of the dehydration of C₂-C₄ paraffinic alcs. and of cyclohexanol was measured. The conversions at 350-450° were 93-4%. Part of the olefins formed during the dehydration was isomerized. The experiments proved that Zr phosphate is an active catalyst for the reactions, where redistribution of H takes place: isomerization, alkylation, and etherification. Through the changes in preparation of this catalyst it is possible to obtain catalysts of convenient selectivity.

Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR published new progress about 2588-77-4. 2588-77-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 2-Methyl-3-bromo-2-butanol, and the molecular formula is C5H11BrO, Formula: C5H11BrO.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Murayama, Eigoro published the artcileMetal-catalyzed organic photoreactions. Evidence for the long-range electron-transfer mechanism in the uranyl- or iron(III)-catalyzed photoreactions of olefins, Safety of 2-Methyl-3-bromo-2-butanol, the publication is Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1: Organic and Bio-Organic Chemistry (1972-1999) (1980), 947-9, database is CAplus.

A mechanism for the title reaction was proposed involving interligand electron transfer from the electron-donating ligand (OH^– or Cl^–) to O₂ through the metal ion and olefin mol. This was verified for the UO₂²⁺-catalyzed photochem. formation of bromohydrins from olefins and polyhalogenated compounds by correlation of the reactivities and product ratios with the half-wave reduction potentials of the polyhalogenated compounds

Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1: Organic and Bio-Organic Chemistry (1972-1999) published new progress about 2588-77-4. 2588-77-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 2-Methyl-3-bromo-2-butanol, and the molecular formula is C5H11BrO, Safety of 2-Methyl-3-bromo-2-butanol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Vozhdaeva, Margarita Yu. published the artcileMonitoring and statistical analysis of formation of organochlorine and organobromine compounds in drinking water of different water intakes, Product Details of C5H11BrO, the publication is Molecules (2021), 26(7), 1852, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The main drawback of drinking water chlorination involves the formation of quite hazardous disinfection byproducts (DBPs), represented mainly by halogenated species. Based on the authors’ monitoring data since 2002, the prevalence of chlorine over bromine in the composition of volatile DBPs was shown for the drinking water in Ufa (Russia). However, the situation was completely reversed in the case of semi-volatile DBPs. The principal goal of the present study involved rationalization of the results of the long-term monitoring. Gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for the qual. and quant. anal. of volatile DBPs. Identification of semi-volatile compounds was carried out with GC-MS, while gas chromatog. with an at. emission detector (GC-AED) was used for their quantification. A significant contribution of oxygen to the composition of semi-volatile compounds proves the decisive role of the dissolved organic matter oxidative destructive processes. Statistical anal. revealed notable linear correlations for trihalomethane and haloacetic acid formation vs. chlorine dose. On the contrary, halogenated semi-volatile products do not demonstrate any correlations with the water quality parameters or chlorine dose. Principal component anal. (PCA) placed them into sep. groups. The results allow for proposing that formation of the organohalogenated species involved the fast penetration of bromine into the humic matter mols. and, further, their oxidative destruction by active chlorine.

Molecules published new progress about 2588-77-4. 2588-77-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 2-Methyl-3-bromo-2-butanol, and the molecular formula is C14H10O4S2, Product Details of C5H11BrO.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Winstein, S. published the artcileThe role of neighboring groups in replacement reactions. XVIII. Migration of the methoxyl group, Safety of 2-Methyl-3-bromo-2-butanol, the publication is Journal of the American Chemical Society (1952), 1160-4, database is CAplus.

cf. C.A. 45, 4661f. A result of participation of a functional neighboring group in a replacement process is migration of the neighboring group. Such a migration of a MeO group occurs in the solvolysis of Me₂C(OMe)CHBrMe (I), which solvolyzes to give Me₂C(OH)CH(OMe)Me (II). EtMe₂COH with H₂SO₄ yielded Me₂C:CHMe (III), b₇₅₂ 38.7-8.9°, n_D²⁵ 1.3845. III (175 cc.) added dropwise to 224 g. N-bromosuccinimide (IV) in 2 1. MeOH, the mixture let stand overnight, added to 2 1. saturated NaCl, and the oil extracted with Et₂O yielded 227 g. I, b₄₀ 69-9.5°, n_D²⁵ 1.4533, d₂₅ 1.2632. MR_D is given for the compounds prepared Me₂CHCH(OH)Me, b₇₆₀ 111.8-11.9°, and 6.9 g. Na refluxed in 250 cc. petr. ether (b. 150-90°), the solution treated with 42.5 g. MeI and refluxed 1 h. yielded 13.9 g. 3-methoxy-2-methylbutane, b₇₆₀ 83-3.5°, n_D²⁰ 1.3838, n_D²⁵ 1.3812, d₂₅ 0.7542. I (36.2 g.), 250 cc. MeOH, 10 g. Pd-CaCO₃, and 17 g. KOH shaken 24 h. with H at 1 atm., the solution filtered, added to 250 cc. water, and extracted with petr. ether yielded 10.6 g. Me₂C(OMe)Et, b₇₆₀ 85-6.5°, n_D²⁰ 1.3885. III (230 cc.) added dropwise during 20 min. to 270 g. IV in 21. water, the mixture stirred 1 h., and extracted the next day with Et₂O, yielded 81.1 g. 2,3-epoxy-2-methylbutane (V), b₇₆₀ 73-3.3°, n_D²⁵ 1.3822, d₂₅ 0.8000. MeCH(OMe)CO₂Me, b₇₄₇ 129-30°, n_D²⁵ 1.3957, d₂₅ 0.9948, (0.45 mol) with 1 mol Me Grignard reagent yielded 21.8 g. II, b₇₅₂ 129.5-30°, n_D²⁵ 1.4100, d₂₅ 0.8877; V with Na yielded 53% II. V (33.2 g.) in 155 cc. MeOH treated with 2 drops H₂SO₄ yielded 34.6 g. 3-methyl-3-methoxy-2-butanol (VI), b₇₆₀ 143-4°, n_D²⁵ 1.4193, 0.9151. I (90.5 g.), 30 g. CaCO₃, and 400 cc. water treated dropwise during 20 min. with 95 g. AgNO₃, the mixture stirred 4 h. and extracted with Et₂O yielded 35.3 g. II, and 6.4 g. Me₂CHCOMe, b₇₆₀ 92-5° (2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone, m. 122-2.5°); VI gave 80% recovered alc., b₇₆₀ 141-4°, and II gave 80.6% recovered alc., b₇₆₀ 129-30°. I (90.5 g.), 92 g. AgNO₃, and 500 cc. AcOH stirred 1 h. at 90-110°, the mixture filtered, and the filtrate neutralized with 6N KOH under Et₂O yielded 16.8 g. II, b₇₅₂ 129.5-30°. VI (20 g.), 20 g. Ac₂O, and 50 cc. pyridine refluxed 1 h. yielded 22 g. acetate, b₅₀ 85°, n_D²⁵ 1.4122, d₂₅ 0.9456. VI (32.1 g.) and 6.25 g. Na dissolved in 250 cc. refluxing petr. ether (b. 230-60°) and the solution treated with 39 g. MeI in 100 cc. Et₂O and refluxed 30 min. yielded 17.3 g. 2,3-dimethoxy-2-methylbutane (VII), b₇₆₀ 125-5.5°, n_D²⁵ 1.4026, d₂₅ 0.8571. I (95.5 g.) in 500 cc. MeOH refluxed 2 h. with 70 g. Ag₂O yielded 44.8 g. VII, b₇₆₀ 125-6°, n_D²⁵ 1.4018. III (53 cc.), 89 g. IV, and 1.5 1. water stirred 1.5 h. in an ice bath, the mixture saturated with NaCl, and extracted with Et₂O, yielded 67.33 g. trimethylethylene bromohydrin (Me₂C(OH)CHBrMe) (VIII), b₁₀ 48-51°, n_D²⁵ 1.4712. AgNO₃ (9.35 g.) in 200 cc. water added dropwise to 88.5 g. VIII and 84 g. NaHCO₃ in 300 cc. water during 1 h., the mixture stirred 1 h., extracted with Et₂O, the Et₂O partially distilled, the residue shaken with 42 g. NaHCO₃ and 47 g. AgNO₃ in 200 cc. water extracted with Et₂O, and the extract distilled, yielded 21.90 g. V, b₇₆₀ 72-3°, n_D²⁵ 1.3826, and 1.95 g. Me₂CHCOMe, b₇₆₉ 90-6° (2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone, m. 122-2.5°).

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about 2588-77-4. 2588-77-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 2-Methyl-3-bromo-2-butanol, and the molecular formula is C10H15BO4, Safety of 2-Methyl-3-bromo-2-butanol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Blandamer, Michael J. published the artcileMechanism and solvent reorganization accompanying hydrolyses of anchimerically assisted alkyl halides in water, SDS of cas: 2588-77-4, the publication is Journal of the American Chemical Society (1969), 91(10), 2678-83, database is CAplus.

This paper deals with the problem of solvent reorganization, anchimeric assistance, and mechanism for hydrolysis of 9 alkyl halides where the neighboring group is -OH, -OMe, or -SMe. By using the temperature coefficient of the enthalpy as a gauge of relative solvent reorganization, we show that the transition state in the hydrolysis of those alkyl halides giving evidence of anchimeric assistance resembles that for an SN1 mechanism. This conclusion was supported in one case by 13C labeling experiments in spite of product analysis seemingly favoring SN2 nucleophilic displacement by the solvent.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about 2588-77-4. 2588-77-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 2-Methyl-3-bromo-2-butanol, and the molecular formula is C5H11BrO, SDS of cas: 2588-77-4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Dalton, David R. published the artcileBromohydrin formation in aqueous dimethyl sulphoxide; electronic and steric effects, Application In Synthesis of 2588-77-4, the publication is Journal of the Chemical Society [Section] B: Physical Organic (1971), 85-9, database is CAplus.

The role of electronic and steric effects in the stereospecific trans-addition of HOBr to olefins, with moist Me2SO as solvent-reactant and N-bromosuccinimide as the source of Br, was examined In the absence of severe steric restrictions, the electronic effects were observed to direct the addition in a Markovnikov sense. Highly hindered olefins and those wherein the electron d. at the C:C double bond is severely depleted by electron-withdrawing substituents fail to react. Similar systems which have shown a susceptibility to carbonium ion rearrangements in analogous reactions fail to yield, for the most part, rearranged products. The intermediate is deemed best represented by a bromonium ion, symmetrical or nonsymmetrical, depending upon the structure of the starting olefin. If the addition of HOBr is retarded owing to electronic or steric effects, considerable amounts of dibromide accompany bromohydrin.

Journal of the Chemical Society [Section] B: Physical Organic published new progress about 2588-77-4. 2588-77-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 2-Methyl-3-bromo-2-butanol, and the molecular formula is C5H11BrO, Application In Synthesis of 2588-77-4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts