Author: tianli

Impact of glycine and erythritol/chlorhexidine air-polishing powders on human gingival fibroblasts: An in vitro study. was written by Weusmann, Jens;Deschner, James;Imber, Jean-Claude;Damanaki, Anna;Cerri, Paulo Sérgio;Leguizamón, Natalia;Beisel-Memmert, Svenja;Nogueira, Andressa Vilas Boas. And the article was included in Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft in 2022.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

BACKGROUND: Supra- and subgingival air-polishing has been used in periodontitis and gingivitis therapy for years. Low-abrasive types of powders have facilitated the application in subgingival areas. In this study, the cellular effects of a glycine powder and an erythritol/chlorhexidine (CHX) powder on human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) were investigated. METHODS: HGF were obtained from sound gingiva of three healthy donors. After 12 h and 24 h of incubation time, cell viability testing and, after 24 h and 48 h, a cell proliferation assay was conducted. Additionally, the individual components erythritol and CHX were investigated for cell viability. In vitro wound healing was monitored for 48 h and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was performed after 24 h. Statistical analysis was accomplished by ANOVA and post hoc Dunnett’s and Tukey’s tests (p < 0.05) were performed. RESULTS: Erythritol/CHX powder and in a lower extent, glycine powder decreased cell viability and cell proliferation. The negative effect of erythritol/CHX was mainly based on the CHX component. In vitro wound healing was negatively influenced in both types of powders compared to control. Cell size was altered in both test groups, whereas cell morphology was affected only in the erythritol/CHX group. CONCLUSIONS: The investigated powders for subgingival air-polishing can influence cell viability, morphology, and proliferation, as well as wound closure in vitro. These actions on fibroblasts are discernible, with the cytotoxic effect of erythritol/CHX powder being very clear and mainly due to the CHX component. Our results suggest that subgingivally applied powders can exert direct effects on gingival fibroblasts. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of bioactive quinoline acting as anticancer agents and their mode of action using in silico analysis towards Aurora kinase A inhibitors was written by Narasimhamurthy, Kereyagalahally H.;Guruswamy, Dileep Kumar M.;Chandra;Kallesha, Nichhapurada;Basappa;Rangappa, Kanchugarakoppal S.. And the article was included in Chemical Data Collections in 2021.Product Details of 1777-82-8 This article mentions the following:

In the present investigation, novel quinolines have been synthesized and analyzed for their invitro cytotoxic activity against human colon cancer and lung cancer cells. Among the newly synthesized quinoline derivatives, 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-6,7-dimethoxyquinoline (Q6) showed considerable cytotoxic activity against human colon cancer (HCT116) and lung cancer (A549) cell lines with IC50 values of 25.5 ± 2.7 and 32 ± 4.7 μM resp. Since these quinolines interacted with an Aurora kinase A, we carried out the mol. docking investigation and observed that this quinoline displayed inhibitory potentials. Overall, the compound Q6 was well suited to develop a newer quinolines-based anticancer medication, especially to block cell cycle arrest through Aurora kinase A inhibitors in human cancer. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8Product Details of 1777-82-8).

(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Product Details of 1777-82-8

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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Induction of a Preferred Sense of Twist in Flexible Diphenyls by Carbohydrate Scaffolds. Synthesis of Two “Naked” Ellagitannin Analogous was written by Capozzi, Giuseppe;Ciampi, Cinzia;Delogu, Giovanna;Menichetti, Stefano;Nativi, Cristina. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2001.Synthetic Route of C6H14O6 This article mentions the following:

The synthesis of “naked ” ellagitannin analogs, having a preferred sense of twist of the di-Ph moiety, with a rhamnose and a glucose template, is reported. A clear induction in the chirality of the di-Ph moiety, mediated through a 10-membered ring via ester linkages, was observed The chiral scaffold of glucose (diequatorial 2,3-hydroxyl groups) exerts a remarkable stronger atropdiastereoselective effect onto the diphenoyl group than the rhamnose ring (axial-equatorial 2,3-hydroxyl groups), according to the Schmidt-Haslam hypothesis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate (cas: 10030-85-0Synthetic Route of C6H14O6).

(2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate (cas: 10030-85-0) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Synthetic Route of C6H14O6

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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
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Stimulation of Secondary Metabolites and γ-Terpinene Synthase by Silver Nanoparticles in Callus Cultures of Carum carvi was written by Dehghani-Aghchekohal, Zahra;Omidi, Mansoor;Azizinezhad, Reza;Etminan, Alireza. And the article was included in Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol This article mentions the following:

Biotechnol. and nanotechnol. are important tools for understanding biochem. pathways. They can be used efficiently for stimulating and increasing the production of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. The present study aimed to identify the γ-terpinene synthase gene (CcTPS2) as an effective contributor to the biosynthetic pathway of monoterpenes. The effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs; 50 and 100 mg l- 1) and time (24 and 48 h) were examined on secondary metabolites in cell suspension cultures of Carum carvi. This involved the identification, isolation, and sequencing of a partial sequence in the CcTPS2 gene of C. carvi. The genomic sequence of CcTPS2 comprised 292 bp which were organized into two exons (110 and 82 bp) and one intron (100 bp), while the cDNA was 192 bp. In the scale of nucleotides, the CcTPS2 gene showed 96% similarity with the TPS2 gene of Oliveria decumbens. We generated sequence data of the CcTPS2 gene for the first time in this species, thereby enabling further developments in understanding the mol. mechanisms responsible for terpene biosynthesis and other chem. derivatives in C. carvi. The results of GC/MS and GC/FID showed that AgNPs strongly affected the secondary metabolites in cell suspension cultures of C. carvi. According to the results, the AgNPs (50 mg l- 1) increased p-cymene and carvone contents in comparison with the control. The exposure of plants to 100 mg l- 1 AgNPs induced the production of thymol and carvacrol. The results of real-time PCR revealed that the exposure of plants to 100 mg l- 1 AgNPs caused a significant upregulation of CcTPS2 expression for 24 h. These cell suspension cultures were elicited by AgNPs, the application of which proved as an effective method to improve the production of secondary metabolites in vitro. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Application In Synthesis of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Application In Synthesis of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

An efficient 2-keto-L-gulonic acid whole-cell biotransformation system built on the characterization of L-sorbose dehydrogenase was written by Li, Fan;Wang, Cai-Yun;Zhang, Meng-Yue;Zhang, Yi-Xuan. And the article was included in Molecular Catalysis in 2022.Recommanded Product: 149-32-6 This article mentions the following:

There are five L-sorbose dehydrogenases (SDH_2764, SDH_2744, SDH_0718, SDH_1927, SDH_0337) in Ketogulonicigenium vulgare SPU B805 and three L-sorbose dehydrogenases (SDH_02251, SDH_02271, SDH_P100164) in K. robustum SPU_B003, which play essential roles in the classical two-step fermentation for 2-keto-L-gulonic acid (2-KGA, the precursor of vitamin C) synthesis. In this work, the above eight SDH enzymes were cloned and purified, and their optimal pH values and reaction temperatures, kinetic properties (K_m and K_cat), thermal stabilities, substrate spectra, and effects of metal ions were determined Eight SDH-harboring recombinant E.coli strains were verified to be capable to catalyze L-sorbose to 2-KGA. Addnl., the mol. docking results showed that the product 2-KGA could inhibit SDH activity by competing for the same hydrogen bonding sites with substrate L-sorbose. Finally, a novel and efficient whole-cell recycling catalysis system to overcome the product inhibition was proposed, the yield of 2-KGA reached up to 80.12 g/L with the productivity of 6.68 g/L/h. The results provide a promising prospect for selection and modification sorbose dehydrogenase for construction a one-step biotransformation system of 2-KGA. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Recommanded Product: 149-32-6).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Recommanded Product: 149-32-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effect of antioxidant supplementation on skeletal muscle and metabolic profile in aging mice was written by Tsukamoto-Sen, Sakuka;Kawakami, Shinpei;Maruki-Uchida, Hiroko;Ito, Ryouichi;Matsui, Naoko;Komiya, Yuki;Mita, Yoshitaka;Morisasa, Mizuki;Goto-Inoue, Naoko;Furuichi, Yasuro;Manabe, Yasuko;Morita, Minoru;Fujii, Nobuharu L.. And the article was included in Food & Function in 2021.Formula: C14H12O4 This article mentions the following:

Aging induces drastic changes in muscle mass and function (sarcopenia); however, the detailed mechanisms underlying sarcopenia remain poorly understood. Recent studies suggested that age-related increases in oxidative stress induce muscle atrophy. In this study, we investigated the effect of 6-mo supplementation of antioxidants, specifically piceatannol (PIC) and enzymically modified isoquercitrin (EMIQ), on age-related physiol. changes, including skeletal muscle weight and quality, in 25-mo-old (OLD) mice, compared to in 4-mo-old (young, YNG) C57BL/6J mice. Muscle weight corrected by body weight significantly declined in OLD mice, compared to in YNG mice. The control OLD mice also showed changes in the expression of genes related to muscle fiber type, reduced locomotor activity, and increased oxidative stress markers in blood. Consistent with the muscle weight and quality changes, whole-body fat oxidation during sedentary conditions and exercise periods in control OLD mice was significantly lower than that in YNG mice. Interestingly, compared to the control OLD mice, the PIC- or EMIQ-fed OLD mice showed higher fat oxidation Furthermore, EMIQ, but not PIC, increased locomotor activity, the expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, and suppressed the carbonylated protein in the skeletal muscle of OLD mice. These results suggested that chronic antioxidant intake could alleviate aging-related muscle function changes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Formula: C14H12O4).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Formula: C14H12O4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

New steroidal anti-inflammatory antedrugs: 21-thioalkylether derivatives of methyl 16-prednisolone carboxylates was written by Khan, M. Omar F.;Park, Kwan K.;Glynn, Sharye N.;Lee, Henry J.. And the article was included in Medicinal Chemistry in 2007.Quality Control of Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate This article mentions the following:

Antedrug approach of the corticosteroids has been described as a fundamentally sound approach for the development of safer anti-inflammatory steroids devoid of systemic side effects. In our continued efforts under the antedrug paradigm, we have recently extended this effort to synthesize the 21-thioalkyl ether derivatives of Me 16-prednisolonecarboxylates. The 21-mesylate of the methyl-16-prednisolonecarboxylates and 9-fluoro-17-dehydro Me 16-prednisolonecarboxylate were reacted with Na-thioalkoxides to furnish the desired thioalkyl ethers in 60-75% yields. These newly synthesized thioalkyl ether steroid series were tested for their in vitro metabolism and corticosteroid receptor binding affinity. They were metabolized in predictable manner to inactive 16-carboxylic acids. All the newly synthesized antedrugs showed lowered glucocorticoid receptor binding affinity than prednisolone indicating that the replacement of the 21-OH function with thioalkyl ether of the 16-prednisolone carboxylate esters decreases their receptor binding affinity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2Quality Control of Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Quality Control of Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Enhanced antimicrobial, antibiofilm and ecotoxic activities of nanoencapsulated carvacrol and thymol as compared to their free counterparts was written by Yammine, Jina;Gharsallaoui, Adem;Fadel, Alexandre;Mechmechani, Samah;Karam, Layal;Ismail, Ali;Chihib, Nour-Eddine. And the article was included in Food Control in 2023.Application of 499-75-2 This article mentions the following:

Essential oils active components emerged as captivating antimicrobials to control biofilms developed on food contact surfaces. Free and nanoencapsulated carvacrol (CAR) and thymol (THY) were assessed as antimicrobials against Salmonella Enteritidis biofilms adhered to stainless steel. The developed spherical nanocapsules using the spray-drying technique showed an average size ranged between 159.25 and 234.76 nm and zeta potential values ranged between 23.60 and 24.66 mV. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of free THY and CAR were both 1.25 mg L^-1. Nanoencapsulation reduced MIC values to 0.62 mg L^-1 (THY) and 0.31 mg L^-1 (CAR). Furthermore, the exposure to free and nanoencapsulated CAR and THY induced a destabilization of bacterial membranes with obvisous morphol. deformations and a pronounced leakage of potassium ions and green fluorescent proteins. Eradication of S.Enteritidis biofilms developed on stainless steel was achieved following a 15 min treatment with nanoencapsulated CAR and THY at 2 MIC. Free antimicrobial exposures induced up to 4.27 log CFU cm^-2 reductions Addnl., the ecotoxicity tests against Daphnia magna crustaceans reported a non-toxicity of both free and nanoencapsulated CAR and THY after 48 h exposure. Thereby, both CAR and THY antimicrobials proved to be promising natural surface disinfectants that require further exploration and incorporation in food industries. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Application of 499-75-2).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Application of 499-75-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Essential oils and their binary combinations have synergistic and antagonistic insecticidal properties against Anopheles gambiae s. l. (Diptera: Culicidae) was written by Wangrawa, Dimitri W.;Ochomo, Eric;Upshur, Forde;Zanre, Nicolas;Borovsky, Dov;Lahondere, Chloe;Vinauger, Clement;Badolo, Athanase;Sanon, Antoine. And the article was included in Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 499-75-2 This article mentions the following:

Botanical biopesticides have potential for use in mosquito control because they exhibit low mammalian toxicity, are readily biodegraded, show target specificity and insecticidal activity. As populations of mosquito species grow more resistant to currently used organic insecticides, a need for new and effective insecticides for vector control becomes more urgent. This study reports the effects of synergistic and antagonistic essential oils (EOs) from Cymbopogon schoenanthus, Lantana camara, Lippia chevalieri and Lippia multiflora and their binary combinations against Anopheles gambiae s. l. larvae and adults. EOs insecticidal properties were tested with third to fourth-instar larvae and, non-blood-fed 3-5-day old field-collected An. gambiae using WHO and CDC bottle bioassays, resp. Many compounds were found in the EOs mixtures All EOs showed larvicidal and adulticidal activities with mortality from 0 to 100% against An. gambiae which were concentration dependent and EOs specific. EO mixture from C. schoenanthus and L. multiflora showed synergistic effect with LC50 of 38 ppm and EOs from L. chevalieri and C. schoenanthus showed antagonistic effect against larvae with LC50 of 100.84 ppm. On the other hand, EOs combinations showed additive effect on all adults. This study describes the potential of using EOs and their synergistic mixtures as potential insecticide(s) as a safer alternative to synthetic insecticides. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2HPLC of Formula: 499-75-2).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.HPLC of Formula: 499-75-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Iterative Synthesis of 2-Deoxyoligosaccharides Enabled by Stereoselective Visible-Light-Promoted Glycosylation was written by Liu, Kai-Meng;Wang, Peng-Yu;Guo, Zhen-Yan;Xiong, De-Cai;Qin, Xian-Jin;Liu, Miao;Liu, Meng;Xue, Wan-Ying;Ye, Xin-Shan. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2022.Computed Properties of C10H20O This article mentions the following:

The photoinitiated intramol. hydroetherification of alkenols has been used to form C-O bonds, but the intermol. hydroetherification of alkenes with alcs. remains an unsolved challenge. We herein report the visible-light-promoted 2-deoxyglycosylation of alcs. with glycals. The glycosylation reaction was completed within 2 min in a high quantum yield (ϕ=28.6). This method was suitable for a wide array of substrates and displayed good reaction yields and excellent stereoselectivity. The value of this protocol was further demonstrated by the iterative synthesis of 2-deoxyglycans with α-2-deoxyglycosidic linkages up to a 20-mer in length and digoxin with β-2-deoxyglycosidic linkages. Mechanistic studies indicated that this reaction involved a glycosyl radical cation intermediate and a photoinitiated chain process. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5Computed Properties of C10H20O).

(1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Computed Properties of C10H20O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts