Author: tianli

Profile of stilbenes and other phenolics in fanagoria white and red russian wines was written by Suprun, Andrey R.;Dubrovina, Alexandra S.;Tyunin, Alexey P.;Kiselev, Konstantin V.. And the article was included in Metabolites in 2021.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Grapes and wines represent the most important source of edible stilbenes and other phenolic metabolites, which demonstrate a wide range of valuable biol. activities. However, there is no information about the profile and content of phenolic compounds in Russian wines. We firstly analyzed phenolics (stilbenes, phenolic acids, and flavonols) in some representatives of Russian wines, including eleven red and seven white Russian wines from Fanagoria, Krasnodarsky Territory. The Russian red wines contained six stilbenes (trans-resveratrol, cis-resveratrol, trans-, cis-piceid, trans-piceatannol, δ-viniferin), while the white wines contained only five stilbenes (cis-resveratrol, trans-, cis-piceid, trans-piceatannol, trans-resveratrol). More than a half of the total stilbenes in the wines (65% of all stilbenes) were presented by trans-piceid and cis-piceid, while trans-resveratrol reached 16% of all the stilbenes. The red wines also contained six phenolic acids and six flavonols, while the white wines contained six phenolic acids and only three flavonols. Myrecitin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, and myricetin were the major flavonols in the red wines, while dihydroquercetin-3-O-rhamnoside was the major flavonol in the white wines. The red wines contained markedly higher amounts of stilbenes, phenolic acids, and flavonols than the white wines. Thus, the data showed that young red Russian Fanagoria wines represent a rich source of phenolic compounds The study also revealed that younger wines were more abundant in phenolics, and wine storage for six months in the dark at +10°C led to a decrease in the total content of phenolics, primarily monomeric stilbenes and quercetin-3-O-glucoside and quercetin flavonols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of 2,3-Diaryl-N-methylindoles from ortho-Alkynylanilines and Aryl Pinacol Boronic Esters was written by Luo, Yue-Gui;Basha, R. Sidick;Reddy, Daggula Mallikarjuna;Xue, Yong-Jing;Chen, Te-Hsuan;Lee, Chin-Fa. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2018.Reference of 68716-49-4 This article mentions the following:

A palladium-catalyzed synthesis of 2,3-diaryl-N-methylindoles from o-alkynylanilines and aryl pinacol boronic esters was developed. The system possesses high functional group tolerance and a broad substrate scope with a variety of aryl pinacol boronic esters to provide valuable 2,3-diaryl-N-methylindoles in moderate to good yields. Remarkably, the sequential reaction controlled by iridium-catalyzed C-H borylation or palladium-catalyzed alkynylation followed by the present palladium-catalyzed C3 arylation reaction provided functionalized 2,3-diaryl-N-methylindoles in good yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Reference of 68716-49-4).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Reference of 68716-49-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A Sequential Pd/Norbornene-Catalyzed Process Generates o-Biaryl Carbaldehydes or Ketones via a Redox Reaction or 6H-Dibenzopyrans by C-O Ring Closure was written by Motti, Elena;Della Ca, Nicola;Xu, Di;Piersimoni, Anna;Bedogni, Elena;Zhou, Zhi-Ming;Catellani, Marta. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2012.Recommanded Product: 60666-70-8 This article mentions the following:

O-Biaryl carbaldehydes and ketones are obtained through the one-pot reaction of o-substituted aryl iodides with o-bromobenzyl alcs. under the catalytic action of Pd and norbornene, in the presence of a base. The same reaction can also give dibenzopyrans by Pd and norbornene catalysis with a different termination, leading to C-O ring closure. In both cases the process first leads to a five-membered palladacycle, which controls C-C coupling, then to a seven-membered oxapalladacycle, which gives aldehydes and ketones or dibenzopyrans. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2-Bromo-5-chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 60666-70-8Recommanded Product: 60666-70-8).

(2-Bromo-5-chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 60666-70-8) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Recommanded Product: 60666-70-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

An Approach for Using In Vitro and In Silico Data to Identify Pharmaceuticals with Potential (Anti-)Estrogenic Activity in Aquatic Vertebrates at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations was written by Pinto, Caroline Lucia;Bloom, Raanan A.;Laurenson, James P.. And the article was included in Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry in 2019.COA of Formula: C24H23ClO2 This article mentions the following:

Endocrine-active pharmaceuticals can cause adverse reproductive and developmental effects in nontarget organisms. Aquatic vertebrates may be susceptible to the effects of such pharmaceuticals given that the structure of hormone receptors and the physiol. of the endocrine system are highly conserved across vertebrates. To aid in the regulatory review of the environmental impact of drugs, we demonstrate an approach to screen and support the prioritization of pharmaceuticals based on their ability to interact with estrogen receptors (ERs) at environmentally relevant concentrations Tox21 in vitro results from ER agonist and antagonist assays were retrieved for 1123 pharmaceuticals. In silico predictions from the Collaborative Estrogen Receptor Activity Prediction Project (CERAPP) models were used to estimate ER agonist and antagonist activity for an addnl. 170 pharmaceuticals not tested in the Tox21 assay platform. The estrogenic effect ratio (EER) and anti-estrogenic effect ratio (AEER) were calculated by comparing the activity concentration at half-maximal response (AC50) for ER agonism and antagonism, resp., with estimated pharmaceutical concentrations in fish tissue based on estimates of environmental exposures. A total of 73 and 127 pharmaceuticals were identified as ER agonists and antagonists, resp. As expected, 17β-estradiol and 17α-ethinylestradiol displayed EERs > 1, and raloxifene and bazedoxifene acetate displayed AEERs > 1, thus indicating that these pharmaceuticals have the potential to reach fish tissue levels that exceed concentrations estimated to interact with ERs. Four pharmaceuticals displayed EERs between 0.1 and 1, and 6 displayed AEERs between 0.1 and 1. This approach may help determine the need for submission of environmental assessment data for new drug applications and support prioritization of pharmaceuticals with the potential to disrupt endocrine signaling in vertebrates. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;00:1-15. © 2019 SETAC. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7COA of Formula: C24H23ClO2).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.COA of Formula: C24H23ClO2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Pyridyl unit in host compounds was written by Newcomb, Martin;Gokel, George W.;Cram, Donald J.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1974.Reference of 1122-71-0 This article mentions the following:

Eight multiheteromacrocycles, e.g. I, II, and III, were prepared Thus, the pyridine IV (R = H, R1 = OH) was treated with NaH and IV (R = H, R1 = Cl) and the resulting bispyridine V (R = H) was oxidized followed by treatment with Ac2O and hydrolysis to give V (R = OH), which with IV (R = R1 = Br) gave II. The pKa values of the monoprotonated macrocycles were determined II forms a 1:1 complex with Me3CN+H3SCN-. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0Reference of 1122-71-0).

6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Reference of 1122-71-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Overactive bladder syndrome treatment with ospemifene in menopausal patients with vulvovaginal atrophy: improvement of sexuality? was written by Schiavi, Michele Carlo;Sciuga, Valentina;Giannini, Andrea;Vena, Flaminia;D’oria, Ottavia;Prata, Giovanni;Di Tucci, Chiara;Savone, Delia;Aleksa, Natalia;Capone, Carmela;Di Mascio, Daniele;Meggiorini, Maria Letizia;Monti, Marco;Zullo, Marzio Angelo;Muzii, Ludovico;Benedetti Panici, Pierluigi. And the article was included in Gynecological Endocrinology in 2018.Reference of 128607-22-7 This article mentions the following:

The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of ospemifene in the improvement of sexual function in postmenopausal women with vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) affected by overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) or urge urinary incontinence (UUI). One hundred five postmenopausal patients with VVA affected by OAB and/or UUI were enrolled for the study. All patients received ospemifene 60 mg for 12 wk. Clin. examination, 3-d voiding diary and the vaginal health index (VHI) were performed at baseline and at 12 wk. Patients completed the OAB-Q SF, FSFI, FSDS, and SF-36 questionnaires. The patient’s satisfaction was also calculated After 12 wk, the reduction of urinary symptoms was observed The OAB-Q symptoms, OAB-Q (HRQL) score were (55.34 ± 13.54 vs. 23.22 ± 9.76; p < .0001) and (22.45 ± 9.78 vs. 70.56 ± 15.49; p < .0001), before and after treatment. SF-36 questionnaire showed a significant improvement (p < .0001). VHI score increased and the women who regularly practice sexual activity increased after treatment. The total FSFI score increased significantly and the FSDS score changed after 12 wk (p < .0001). The PGI-I after 12 wk showed a total success rate of 90.5%. Ospemifene is an effective potential therapy for postmenopausal women with VVA affected by OAB or UUI improving sexual function and quality of life. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Reference of 128607-22-7).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Reference of 128607-22-7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Evolution of chiral Lewis basic N-formamide as highly effective organocatalyst for asymmetric reduction of both ketones and ketimines with an unprecedented substrate scope was written by Zhou, Li;Wang, Zhouyu;Wei, Siyu;Sun, Jian. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2007.Computed Properties of C8H9ClO This article mentions the following:

L-Pipecolinic acid derived Lewis basic N-formamide (I) has been developed as a first highly effective catalyst for the asym. reduction of aromatic and aliphatic ketones as well as aromatic and aliphatic ketimines in good to high enantioselectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9Computed Properties of C8H9ClO).

(R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Computed Properties of C8H9ClO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ferrocene based chiral binuclear η⁶-benzene-Ru(II)-phosphinite complexes: Synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity in asymmetric reduction of ketones was written by Abdlhmed Al-bayati, Yaser W.;Karakas, Duygu Elma;Meric, Nermin;Aydemir, Murat;Durap, Feyyaz;Baysal, Akin. And the article was included in Applied Organometallic Chemistry in 2018.Electric Literature of C8H9FO This article mentions the following:

In the present study, a series of chiral C₂-sym. ferrocenyl based binuclear η⁶-benzene-Ru(II) complexes bearing diphenylphosphinite and diisopropylphosphinite moieties have been synthesized. The new binuclear η⁶-benzene-Ru(II)-phosphinite complexes were characterized based on NMR (¹H, ¹³C, ³¹P-NMR), FT-IR spectroscopy and elemental anal. Then, these complexes have been screened as catalytic precursors in the transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone with 2-propanol as both the hydrogen source and solvent in the presence of KOH. The corresponding optically active secondary alcs. were obtained in excellent conversion rates between 96 and 99% and moderate to good enantioselectivities (up to 78% ee). The complex 5 was the most efficient catalyst among the four new complexes investigated herein. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4Electric Literature of C8H9FO).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Electric Literature of C8H9FO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Physiological and metabolomics responses of Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. and Hydrangea strigosa Rehd. to lead exposure was written by Jin, Jing;Song, Ziyi;Zhao, Bing;Zhang, Yuyu;Wang, Ruirui. And the article was included in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety in 2022.Electric Literature of C4H10O3 This article mentions the following:

Hydrangea is a potential remediation plant for lead (Pb) pollution. Plant roots communicate with soil through the release of root exudates. It is crucial to study rhizoremediation mechanisms to understand the response of root exudates to contamination stress. Here, we investigated the physiol. responses and metabolomic profiling of two Hydrangea species, a horticultural cultivar (Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser.) and a wild type (Hydrangea strigosa Rehd.), under Pb-free and Pb-stressed conditions for 50 days. The results showed that Pb treatment adversely affected the biomass and root growth of the two species. H. strigosa was a Pb-tolerant species with higher superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities and more ascorbic acid (AsA) content in roots. Metabolomic profiling showed that 181 and 169 compounds were identified in H. macrophylla and H. strigosa root exudates, resp., among which 18 showed significant differences between H. macrophylla and H. strigosa under Pb exposure. H. strigosa showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher secretion of sucrose, glycolic acid, and nonanoic acid than H. macrophylla after Pb treatment. Pb stress promoted fatty acid metabolism in H. strigosa, suppressed amino acid metabolism in H. macrophylla, and promoted a higher carbohydrate metabolism in H. strigosa compared with H. macrophylla. This study provides a possible mechanism for the high Pb absorption potential of Hydrangea. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6Electric Literature of C4H10O3).

2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Electric Literature of C4H10O3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Palladium-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of 2-substituted quinazolin-4(3H)-ones from o-nitrobenzamide and alcohols was written by Wang, Ke;Chen, Hao;Dai, Xinyan;Huang, Xupeng;Feng, Zhiqiang. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2021.Recommanded Product: 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol This article mentions the following:

Palladium-catalyzed 2-substituted quinazolin-4(3H)-one formation from readily available o-nitrobenzamides and alcs. using hydrogen transfer was described. Various quinazolin-4(3H)-ones were obtained in good to high yields. The cascade reaction including alc. oxidation, nitro reduction, condensation, and dehydrogenation occurs without any added reducing or oxidizing agent. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0Recommanded Product: 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol).

6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Recommanded Product: 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts