Study of eighteen typical bisphenol analogues as agonist or antagonist for androgen and glucocorticoid at sub-micromolar concentrations in vitro was written by Ma, Mengmeng;Zhao, Wenyu;Tan, Tianjiao;Hitabatuma, Aloys;Wang, Peilong;Wang, Ruiguo;Su, Xiaoou. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2022.Related Products of 620-92-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:
Bisphenol A and its substitutions are commonly used to manufacture epoxy resins, plastic materials and different kinds of daily necessities. In this process, a large number of bisphenol analogs (BPs) are continuously released directly/indirectly into the environment. Through the chain of environment-feed-farmed-animals-livestock and poultry products, BPs present the low concentration but chronic exposure for surroundings and environment. In addition, BPs have been revealed by extensive studies as emerging endocrine disruptors, whose effects on androgens/glucocorticoids have rarely been mentioned in previous reports. The (anta-) agonist/antagonist properties of 18 classic BPs were investigated in vitro: We assessed the cytotoxicity and examined the luciferase induction values of BPs in MDA-kb2 cells, incubated single or co-incubated with dihydrotestosterone (DHT), dexamethasone, flutamide and RU486 for 24 h. From the concentration of 10-10 to 10-5 M, BPs had negligible cytotoxicity for MDA-kb2 cells, except for 4,4-(9-Fluorenylidene)diphenol with the IC50 1.32 μM. All 18 BPs had the response to androgen/glucocorticoid receptors (AR/GR). BPs at nanomolar and trace concentrations are agonists, while BPs at micromolar and higher concentrations are antagonists. Mol. docking showed that BPs interact with AR/GR through hydrophobic bonds, hydrogen bonds, T-type π-stacking and water-bridge. These exptl. data demonstrate the universality of the endocrine-disrupting effects of BPs and suggest the urgency of paying attention to the usages of BPs. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8Related Products of 620-92-8).
4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Related Products of 620-92-8
Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts