Aggregation and its influence on the bioactivities of a novel antimicrobial peptide, temporin-PF, and its analogues was written by Yu, Zai;Xi, Xinping;Ye, Zhuming;Ma, Chengbang;Zhou, Mei;Chen, Xiaoling;Siu, Shirley W. I.;Chen, Tianbao;Wang, Lei;Kwok, Hang Fai. And the article was included in International Journal of Molecular Sciences in 2021.COA of Formula: C37H74NO8P The following contents are mentioned in the article:
Temporin is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) family discovered in the skin secretion of ranid frog that has become a promising alternative for conventional antibiotic therapy. Herein, a novel temporin peptide, Temporin-PF (TPF), was successfully identified from Pelophylax fukienensis. It exhibited potent activity against Gram-pos. bacteria, but no effect on Gram-neg. bacteria. Addnl., TPF exhibited aggregation effects in different solutions Three analogs were further designed to study the relationship between the aggregation patterns and bioactivities, and the MD simulation was performed for revealing the pattern of the peptide assembly. As the results showed, all peptides were able to aggregate in the standard culture media and salt solutions, especially CaCl2 and MgCl2 buffers, where the aggregation was affected by the concentration of the salts. MD simulation reported that all peptides were able to form oligomers. The parent peptide assembly depended on the hydrophobic interaction via the residues in the middle domain of the sequence. However, the substitution of Trp/D-Trp resulted in an enhanced inter-peptide interaction in the zipper-like domain and eliminated overall biol. activities. Our study suggested that introducing aromaticity at the zipper-like domain for temporin may not improve the bioactivities, which might be related to the formation of aggregates via the inter-peptide contacts at the zipper-like motif domain, and it could reduce the binding affinity to the lipid membrane of microorganisms. Temporin-1KM (accession No: AGE10577), Pelophylaxin-4 (accession No: Q2WCN5), and temporin-HB2,3,4 (accession No: AIU99904, AIU99906, AIU99905) were found in the skin secretion of Pelophylax nigromaculatus, Pelophylax fukienensis, and Pelophylax fukienensis, resp. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5COA of Formula: C37H74NO8P).
(2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.COA of Formula: C37H74NO8P
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