Month: February 2023

Overactive bladder syndrome treatment with ospemifene in menopausal patients with vulvovaginal atrophy: improvement of sexuality? was written by Schiavi, Michele Carlo;Sciuga, Valentina;Giannini, Andrea;Vena, Flaminia;D’oria, Ottavia;Prata, Giovanni;Di Tucci, Chiara;Savone, Delia;Aleksa, Natalia;Capone, Carmela;Di Mascio, Daniele;Meggiorini, Maria Letizia;Monti, Marco;Zullo, Marzio Angelo;Muzii, Ludovico;Benedetti Panici, Pierluigi. And the article was included in Gynecological Endocrinology in 2018.Reference of 128607-22-7 This article mentions the following:

The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of ospemifene in the improvement of sexual function in postmenopausal women with vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) affected by overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) or urge urinary incontinence (UUI). One hundred five postmenopausal patients with VVA affected by OAB and/or UUI were enrolled for the study. All patients received ospemifene 60 mg for 12 wk. Clin. examination, 3-d voiding diary and the vaginal health index (VHI) were performed at baseline and at 12 wk. Patients completed the OAB-Q SF, FSFI, FSDS, and SF-36 questionnaires. The patient’s satisfaction was also calculated After 12 wk, the reduction of urinary symptoms was observed The OAB-Q symptoms, OAB-Q (HRQL) score were (55.34 ± 13.54 vs. 23.22 ± 9.76; p < .0001) and (22.45 ± 9.78 vs. 70.56 ± 15.49; p < .0001), before and after treatment. SF-36 questionnaire showed a significant improvement (p < .0001). VHI score increased and the women who regularly practice sexual activity increased after treatment. The total FSFI score increased significantly and the FSDS score changed after 12 wk (p < .0001). The PGI-I after 12 wk showed a total success rate of 90.5%. Ospemifene is an effective potential therapy for postmenopausal women with VVA affected by OAB or UUI improving sexual function and quality of life. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Reference of 128607-22-7).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Reference of 128607-22-7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Evolution of chiral Lewis basic N-formamide as highly effective organocatalyst for asymmetric reduction of both ketones and ketimines with an unprecedented substrate scope was written by Zhou, Li;Wang, Zhouyu;Wei, Siyu;Sun, Jian. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2007.Computed Properties of C8H9ClO This article mentions the following:

L-Pipecolinic acid derived Lewis basic N-formamide (I) has been developed as a first highly effective catalyst for the asym. reduction of aromatic and aliphatic ketones as well as aromatic and aliphatic ketimines in good to high enantioselectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9Computed Properties of C8H9ClO).

(R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Computed Properties of C8H9ClO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ferrocene based chiral binuclear η⁶-benzene-Ru(II)-phosphinite complexes: Synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity in asymmetric reduction of ketones was written by Abdlhmed Al-bayati, Yaser W.;Karakas, Duygu Elma;Meric, Nermin;Aydemir, Murat;Durap, Feyyaz;Baysal, Akin. And the article was included in Applied Organometallic Chemistry in 2018.Electric Literature of C8H9FO This article mentions the following:

In the present study, a series of chiral C₂-sym. ferrocenyl based binuclear η⁶-benzene-Ru(II) complexes bearing diphenylphosphinite and diisopropylphosphinite moieties have been synthesized. The new binuclear η⁶-benzene-Ru(II)-phosphinite complexes were characterized based on NMR (¹H, ¹³C, ³¹P-NMR), FT-IR spectroscopy and elemental anal. Then, these complexes have been screened as catalytic precursors in the transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone with 2-propanol as both the hydrogen source and solvent in the presence of KOH. The corresponding optically active secondary alcs. were obtained in excellent conversion rates between 96 and 99% and moderate to good enantioselectivities (up to 78% ee). The complex 5 was the most efficient catalyst among the four new complexes investigated herein. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4Electric Literature of C8H9FO).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Electric Literature of C8H9FO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Physiological and metabolomics responses of Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. and Hydrangea strigosa Rehd. to lead exposure was written by Jin, Jing;Song, Ziyi;Zhao, Bing;Zhang, Yuyu;Wang, Ruirui. And the article was included in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety in 2022.Electric Literature of C4H10O3 This article mentions the following:

Hydrangea is a potential remediation plant for lead (Pb) pollution. Plant roots communicate with soil through the release of root exudates. It is crucial to study rhizoremediation mechanisms to understand the response of root exudates to contamination stress. Here, we investigated the physiol. responses and metabolomic profiling of two Hydrangea species, a horticultural cultivar (Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser.) and a wild type (Hydrangea strigosa Rehd.), under Pb-free and Pb-stressed conditions for 50 days. The results showed that Pb treatment adversely affected the biomass and root growth of the two species. H. strigosa was a Pb-tolerant species with higher superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities and more ascorbic acid (AsA) content in roots. Metabolomic profiling showed that 181 and 169 compounds were identified in H. macrophylla and H. strigosa root exudates, resp., among which 18 showed significant differences between H. macrophylla and H. strigosa under Pb exposure. H. strigosa showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher secretion of sucrose, glycolic acid, and nonanoic acid than H. macrophylla after Pb treatment. Pb stress promoted fatty acid metabolism in H. strigosa, suppressed amino acid metabolism in H. macrophylla, and promoted a higher carbohydrate metabolism in H. strigosa compared with H. macrophylla. This study provides a possible mechanism for the high Pb absorption potential of Hydrangea. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6Electric Literature of C4H10O3).

2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Electric Literature of C4H10O3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Palladium-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of 2-substituted quinazolin-4(3H)-ones from o-nitrobenzamide and alcohols was written by Wang, Ke;Chen, Hao;Dai, Xinyan;Huang, Xupeng;Feng, Zhiqiang. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2021.Recommanded Product: 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol This article mentions the following:

Palladium-catalyzed 2-substituted quinazolin-4(3H)-one formation from readily available o-nitrobenzamides and alcs. using hydrogen transfer was described. Various quinazolin-4(3H)-ones were obtained in good to high yields. The cascade reaction including alc. oxidation, nitro reduction, condensation, and dehydrogenation occurs without any added reducing or oxidizing agent. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0Recommanded Product: 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol).

6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Recommanded Product: 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Impact of glycine and erythritol/chlorhexidine air-polishing powders on human gingival fibroblasts: An in vitro study. was written by Weusmann, Jens;Deschner, James;Imber, Jean-Claude;Damanaki, Anna;Cerri, Paulo Sérgio;Leguizamón, Natalia;Beisel-Memmert, Svenja;Nogueira, Andressa Vilas Boas. And the article was included in Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft in 2022.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

BACKGROUND: Supra- and subgingival air-polishing has been used in periodontitis and gingivitis therapy for years. Low-abrasive types of powders have facilitated the application in subgingival areas. In this study, the cellular effects of a glycine powder and an erythritol/chlorhexidine (CHX) powder on human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) were investigated. METHODS: HGF were obtained from sound gingiva of three healthy donors. After 12 h and 24 h of incubation time, cell viability testing and, after 24 h and 48 h, a cell proliferation assay was conducted. Additionally, the individual components erythritol and CHX were investigated for cell viability. In vitro wound healing was monitored for 48 h and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was performed after 24 h. Statistical analysis was accomplished by ANOVA and post hoc Dunnett’s and Tukey’s tests (p < 0.05) were performed. RESULTS: Erythritol/CHX powder and in a lower extent, glycine powder decreased cell viability and cell proliferation. The negative effect of erythritol/CHX was mainly based on the CHX component. In vitro wound healing was negatively influenced in both types of powders compared to control. Cell size was altered in both test groups, whereas cell morphology was affected only in the erythritol/CHX group. CONCLUSIONS: The investigated powders for subgingival air-polishing can influence cell viability, morphology, and proliferation, as well as wound closure in vitro. These actions on fibroblasts are discernible, with the cytotoxic effect of erythritol/CHX powder being very clear and mainly due to the CHX component. Our results suggest that subgingivally applied powders can exert direct effects on gingival fibroblasts. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of bioactive quinoline acting as anticancer agents and their mode of action using in silico analysis towards Aurora kinase A inhibitors was written by Narasimhamurthy, Kereyagalahally H.;Guruswamy, Dileep Kumar M.;Chandra;Kallesha, Nichhapurada;Basappa;Rangappa, Kanchugarakoppal S.. And the article was included in Chemical Data Collections in 2021.Product Details of 1777-82-8 This article mentions the following:

In the present investigation, novel quinolines have been synthesized and analyzed for their invitro cytotoxic activity against human colon cancer and lung cancer cells. Among the newly synthesized quinoline derivatives, 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-6,7-dimethoxyquinoline (Q6) showed considerable cytotoxic activity against human colon cancer (HCT116) and lung cancer (A549) cell lines with IC50 values of 25.5 ± 2.7 and 32 ± 4.7 μM resp. Since these quinolines interacted with an Aurora kinase A, we carried out the mol. docking investigation and observed that this quinoline displayed inhibitory potentials. Overall, the compound Q6 was well suited to develop a newer quinolines-based anticancer medication, especially to block cell cycle arrest through Aurora kinase A inhibitors in human cancer. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8Product Details of 1777-82-8).

(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Product Details of 1777-82-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Induction of a Preferred Sense of Twist in Flexible Diphenyls by Carbohydrate Scaffolds. Synthesis of Two “Naked” Ellagitannin Analogous was written by Capozzi, Giuseppe;Ciampi, Cinzia;Delogu, Giovanna;Menichetti, Stefano;Nativi, Cristina. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2001.Synthetic Route of C6H14O6 This article mentions the following:

The synthesis of “naked ” ellagitannin analogs, having a preferred sense of twist of the di-Ph moiety, with a rhamnose and a glucose template, is reported. A clear induction in the chirality of the di-Ph moiety, mediated through a 10-membered ring via ester linkages, was observed The chiral scaffold of glucose (diequatorial 2,3-hydroxyl groups) exerts a remarkable stronger atropdiastereoselective effect onto the diphenoyl group than the rhamnose ring (axial-equatorial 2,3-hydroxyl groups), according to the Schmidt-Haslam hypothesis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate (cas: 10030-85-0Synthetic Route of C6H14O6).

(2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate (cas: 10030-85-0) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Synthetic Route of C6H14O6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Stimulation of Secondary Metabolites and γ-Terpinene Synthase by Silver Nanoparticles in Callus Cultures of Carum carvi was written by Dehghani-Aghchekohal, Zahra;Omidi, Mansoor;Azizinezhad, Reza;Etminan, Alireza. And the article was included in Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol This article mentions the following:

Biotechnol. and nanotechnol. are important tools for understanding biochem. pathways. They can be used efficiently for stimulating and increasing the production of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. The present study aimed to identify the γ-terpinene synthase gene (CcTPS2) as an effective contributor to the biosynthetic pathway of monoterpenes. The effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs; 50 and 100 mg l- 1) and time (24 and 48 h) were examined on secondary metabolites in cell suspension cultures of Carum carvi. This involved the identification, isolation, and sequencing of a partial sequence in the CcTPS2 gene of C. carvi. The genomic sequence of CcTPS2 comprised 292 bp which were organized into two exons (110 and 82 bp) and one intron (100 bp), while the cDNA was 192 bp. In the scale of nucleotides, the CcTPS2 gene showed 96% similarity with the TPS2 gene of Oliveria decumbens. We generated sequence data of the CcTPS2 gene for the first time in this species, thereby enabling further developments in understanding the mol. mechanisms responsible for terpene biosynthesis and other chem. derivatives in C. carvi. The results of GC/MS and GC/FID showed that AgNPs strongly affected the secondary metabolites in cell suspension cultures of C. carvi. According to the results, the AgNPs (50 mg l- 1) increased p-cymene and carvone contents in comparison with the control. The exposure of plants to 100 mg l- 1 AgNPs induced the production of thymol and carvacrol. The results of real-time PCR revealed that the exposure of plants to 100 mg l- 1 AgNPs caused a significant upregulation of CcTPS2 expression for 24 h. These cell suspension cultures were elicited by AgNPs, the application of which proved as an effective method to improve the production of secondary metabolites in vitro. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Application In Synthesis of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Application In Synthesis of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

An efficient 2-keto-L-gulonic acid whole-cell biotransformation system built on the characterization of L-sorbose dehydrogenase was written by Li, Fan;Wang, Cai-Yun;Zhang, Meng-Yue;Zhang, Yi-Xuan. And the article was included in Molecular Catalysis in 2022.Recommanded Product: 149-32-6 This article mentions the following:

There are five L-sorbose dehydrogenases (SDH_2764, SDH_2744, SDH_0718, SDH_1927, SDH_0337) in Ketogulonicigenium vulgare SPU B805 and three L-sorbose dehydrogenases (SDH_02251, SDH_02271, SDH_P100164) in K. robustum SPU_B003, which play essential roles in the classical two-step fermentation for 2-keto-L-gulonic acid (2-KGA, the precursor of vitamin C) synthesis. In this work, the above eight SDH enzymes were cloned and purified, and their optimal pH values and reaction temperatures, kinetic properties (K_m and K_cat), thermal stabilities, substrate spectra, and effects of metal ions were determined Eight SDH-harboring recombinant E.coli strains were verified to be capable to catalyze L-sorbose to 2-KGA. Addnl., the mol. docking results showed that the product 2-KGA could inhibit SDH activity by competing for the same hydrogen bonding sites with substrate L-sorbose. Finally, a novel and efficient whole-cell recycling catalysis system to overcome the product inhibition was proposed, the yield of 2-KGA reached up to 80.12 g/L with the productivity of 6.68 g/L/h. The results provide a promising prospect for selection and modification sorbose dehydrogenase for construction a one-step biotransformation system of 2-KGA. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Recommanded Product: 149-32-6).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Recommanded Product: 149-32-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts