Month: February 2023

Thiolate-bridged dinuclear iron(tris-carbonyl)-nickel complexes relevant to the active site of [NiFe] hydrogenase was written by Ohki, Yasuhiro;Yasumura, Kazunari;Kuge, Katsuaki;Tanino, Soichiro;Ando, Masaru;Li, Zilong;Tatsumi, Kazuyuki. And the article was included in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America in 2008.Related Products of 29364-29-2 This article mentions the following:

The reaction of NiBr₂(EtOH)₄ with 1:2-3 mixture of FeBr₂(CO)₄ and Na(SPh) generated a linear trinuclear Fe-Ni-Fe cluster (CO)₃Fe(μ-SPh)₃Ni(μ-SPh)₃Fe(CO)₃, 1, whereas the analogous reaction system FeBr₂(CO)₄/Na(S^tBu)/NiBr₂(EtOH)₄ (1:2-3:1) gave rise to a linear tetranuclear Fe-Ni-Ni-Fe cluster [(CO)₃Fe(μ-S^tBu)₃Ni(μ-Br)]₂, 2. By using this tetranuclear cluster 2 as the precursor, we have developed a new synthetic route to a series of thiolate-bridged dinuclear Fe(CO)₃-Ni complexes, the structures of which mimic [NiFe] hydrogenase active sites. The reactions of 2 with SC(NMe₂)₂ (tmtu), Na{S(CH₂)₂SMe} and ortho-NaS(C₆H₄)SR (R = Me, ^tBu) led to isolation of (CO)₃Fe(μ-S^tBu)₃NiBr(tmtu), 3, (CO)₃Fe(S^tBu)(μ-S^tBu)₂NI{S(CH₂)₂SMe}, 4, and (CO)₃Fe(S^tBu)(μ-S^tBu)₂Ni{S(C₆H₄)SR}, 5a (R = Me) and 5b (R = ^tBu), resp. Treatment of 2 with 2-methylthiophenolate (ortho-O(C₆H₄)SMe) in methanol resulted in (CO)₃Fe(μ-S^tBu)₃Ni(MeOH){O(C₆H₄)SMe}, 6a. The methanol mol. bound to Ni is labile and is readily released under reduced pressure to afford (CO)₃Fe(S^tBu)(μ-S^tBu)₂Ni{O(C₆H₄)SMe}, 6b, and the coordination geometry of nickel changes from octahedral to square planar. Likewise, the reaction of 2 with NaOAc in methanol followed by crystallization from THF gave (CO)₃Fe(μ-S^tBu)₃Ni(THF)(OAc), 7. The dinuclear complexes, 3-7, are thermally unstable, and a key to their successful isolation is to carry out the reactions and manipulations at -40°. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2Related Products of 29364-29-2).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Related Products of 29364-29-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

One-pot fermentation for erythritol production from distillers grains by the co-cultivation of Yarrowia lipolytica and Trichoderma reesei was written by Liu, Xiaoyan;Yu, Xinjun;He, Aiyong;Xia, Jun;He, Jianlong;Deng, Yuanfang;Xu, Ning;Qiu, Zhongyang;Wang, Xiaoyu;Zhao, Pusu. And the article was included in Bioresource Technology in 2022.COA of Formula: C4H10O4 This article mentions the following:

A co-fermentation process involving Yarrowia lipolytica and Trichoderma reesei was studied, using distillers grains (DGS) as feedstocks for erythritol production DGS can be effectively hydrolyzed by cellulase in the single-strain culture of T. reesei. One-pot solid state fermentation for erythritol production was then established by co-cultivating Y. lipolytica M53-S with the 12 h delay inoculated T. reesei Rut C-30, in which efficient saccharification of DGS and improved production of erythritol were simultaneously achieved. The 10:1 inoculation proportion of Y. lipolytica and T. reesei contributed to the maximum erythritol production of 267.1 mg/gds under the optimal conditions including initial moisture of 55%, pH of 5.0, NaCl addition of 0.02 g/gds and DGS mass of 200 g in 144 h co-cultivation. Being compared with the attempts to produce erythritol from other raw materials, the one-pot SSF with DGS is proposed to be a potential strategy for efficient and economical erythritol production In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6COA of Formula: C4H10O4).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.COA of Formula: C4H10O4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Prospecting of essential oils in combination with florfenicol against motile Aeromonas isolated from tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) was written by da Silva, Ana Maria Souza;Chagas, Edsandra Campos;Chaves, Francisco Celio Maia;de Alexandre Sebastiao, Fernanda. And the article was included in Archives of Microbiology in 2022.Synthetic Route of C10H14O This article mentions the following:

Natural products with antimicrobial activity and their association with synthetic antimicrobials are a sustainable option in fish farming. The objective of this study was to determine antimicrobial activity, antibiofilm potential and synergism of five essential oils (EOs) with florfenicol against motile Aeromonas isolated from Amazonian Colossoma macropomum. As their major constituent, the EOs of the species of Aloysia triphylla, Croton cajucara (red and white morphotype), Cymbopongo citratus and Lippia gracilis present β-pinene (22.1%), germacrene D (11.5%), linalool (23%), geranial (45.7%) and carvacrol (42.2%), resp. The EOs of L. gracilis and C. citratus showed the best antimicrobial activities against the Aeromonas strains (5 mg mL-1). All EOs interfered with biofilm formation and consolidated biofilm. The EOs of A. triphylla, C. citratus and L. gracilis showed a synergistic effect with florfenicol, reducing the amount of the chem. into the water systems while treatment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Synthetic Route of C10H14O).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Synthetic Route of C10H14O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

The first mixed cyclooctatetraenyl-phospholyl metal complexes. Crystal structure of [U(η-C₈H₈)(η-C₄Me₄P)(BH₄)(OC₄H₈)] was written by Cendrowski-Guillaume, Sophie M.;Nierlich, Martine;Ephritikhine, Michel. And the article was included in Journal of Organometallic Chemistry in 2002.Formula: C4H9NaS This article mentions the following:

Treatment of [U(COT)(BH₄)₂(THF)] (1) or [U(COT)(BH₄)(THF)₂][BPh₄] (2) (COT = η-C₈H₈) with Ktmp (tmp = 2,3,4,5-tetramethylphospholyl) gave [U(COT)(tmp)(BH₄)(THF)] (4), the crystal structure of which was determined Further reaction of Ktmp with 4 afforded the ‘ate’ addition derivative K[U(COT)(tmp)₂(BH₄)(THF)_x]. Complex 4 was transformed into [U(COT)(tmp)(OEt)] (5) in the presence of NaOEt. The cationic compound [U(COT)(tmp)(HMPA)₂][BPh₄] (6) (HMPA, hexamethylphosphoramide) was isolated from the reaction of [U(COT)(HMPA)₃][BPh₄]₂ (3) with Ktmp. The cationic complexes 2 and 3 were recovered upon protonation of 4 and 6 with NEt₃HBPh₄. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2Formula: C4H9NaS).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Formula: C4H9NaS

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis, Characterization and Photoluminescence Study of Novel Sulfobetaine Polyelectrolytes was written by Tarannum, Nazia;Mishra, Hirdyesh;Singh, Meenakshi. And the article was included in Journal of Fluorescence in 2011.Electric Literature of C10H14O5 This article mentions the following:

A novel sulfobetaine copolymer is developed via polycondensation approach. The comonomers, melamine, condenses with a diketone, 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexane (dimedone) to produce polyimine chain based on Schiff base chem. Dimedone-[N,N’ melaminium] propane sulfonate copolymer crystals were obtained on treatment of the polyimine with sulfopropylating agent, 1,3-propane sultone with a crosslinker, di(ethylene glycol diacrylate) (DEGDA). This crosslinked sulfobetaine polymer yielded fine needle like single crystals and shows strong blue fluorescence and a week green phosphorescence. Multi-exponential fluorescence decay function indicates the presence of different conformers both in solution and crystalline phase. This easy straightforward protocol for synthesis of crystalline, soluble, and luminescent polymer could prove to be a landmark in development of next generation smart functional materials. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Electric Literature of C10H14O5).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Electric Literature of C10H14O5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Reusable homogeneous metal- and additive-free photocatalyst for high-performance aerobic oxidation of alcohols to carboxylic acids was written by Cui, Jing-Wang;Ma, Shuai;Rao, Cai-Hui;Jia, Meng-Ze;Yao, Xin-Rong;Zhang, Jie. And the article was included in Applied Catalysis, B: Environmental in 2022.Recommanded Product: (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

How to realize the recycling of homogeneous catalysts has been a great challenge for chemists. In this background, a new pyridinium compound was synthesized and applied in selective photocatalytic oxidation This photocatalytic system is advantageous in accelerating the transformation of alcs. into acids by two consecutive routes, including (1) photocatalytic oxidation of alcs. to aldehydes; (2) photocatalytic oxidation and autoxidation of aldehydes to acids. By activating mol. oxygen into ·O^-2 and ¹O₂, the system displays advantages of high efficiency and simplicity, as well as environment-friendly nature without metals or additives. Attractively, this compound as a homogeneous catalyst can be reused by direct filtration of products profiting from its high performance and stability. The present work develops a new approach to achieve an efficient and recyclable aerobic oxidation of alcs. into acids by using pyridinium-based photocatalysts and provides a valuable insight into the separation and recycling of homogeneous catalysts for economic compatibility and industrial application. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7Recommanded Product: (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol).

(4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Recommanded Product: (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Syntheses of hydrido selenophenolato iron(II) complexes and their catalytic application in hydrosilylation of aldehydes and ketones was written by Wang, Yangyang;Ren, Shishuai;Zhang, Wenbo;Xue, Benjing;Qi, Xinghao;Sun, Hongjian;Li, Xiaoyan;Fuhr, Olaf;Fenske, Dieter. And the article was included in Catalysis Communications in 2018.SDS of cas: 1777-82-8 This article mentions the following:

Three novel selenophenolato hydrido iron(II) complexes [cis-(H)(SeAr)Fe(PMe₃)₄] (Ar = C₆H₅ (I), p-MeOC₆H₄ (II) and o-MeC₆H₄ (III)) were prepared through the reaction of Fe(PMe₃)₄ with selenophenols ArSeH via Se-H activation. The iron hydrido complexes I, II and III could catalyze the hydrosilylation of aldehydes and ketones. Among them complex II is the best catalyst for this process. Furthermore, α,β-unsaturated alcs. could be obtained from the selective reduction reactions of the corresponding α,β-unsaturated carbonyls catalyzed by hydrido iron(II) complex II. This catalytic system has good tolerance for some common groups but it is easy to reduce the nitro group to an amino group. The experiments indicate that the chemoselectivity for this catalytic system is -CHO > -NO₂ > -C(:O)CH₃. The crystal structure of III was determined by X-ray diffraction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8SDS of cas: 1777-82-8).

(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.SDS of cas: 1777-82-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Non-clinical safety profile and pharmacodynamics of two formulations of the anti-sepsis drug candidate Rejuveinix (RJX) was written by Uckun, Fatih M.;Orhan, Cemal;Powell, Joy;Sahin, Emre;Ozercan, Ibrahim H.;Volk, Michael;Sahin, Kazim. And the article was included in Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy in 2021.Safety of Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate This article mentions the following:

Here, we demonstrate that the two distinct formulations of our anti-sepsis drug candidate Rejuveinix (RJX), have a very favorable safety profile in Wistar Albino rats at dose levels comparable to the projected clin. dose levels. 14-Day treatment with RJX-P (RJX PPP.18.1051) or RJX-B (RJX-B200702-CLN) similarly elevated the day 15 tissue levels of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as ascorbic acid in both the lungs and liver in a dose-dependent fashion. The activity of SOD and ascorbic acid levels were significantly higher in tissues of RJX-P or RJX-B treated rats than vehicle-treated control rats (p < 0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference between tissue SOD activity or ascorbic acid levels of rats treated with RJX-P vs. rats treated with RJX-B (p > 0.05). The observed elevations of the SOD and ascorbic acid levels were transient and were no longer detectable on day 28 following a 14-day recovery period. These results demonstrate that RJX-P and RJX-B are bioequivalent relative to their pharmacodynamic effects on tissue SOD and ascorbic acid levels. Furthermore, both formulations showed profound protective activity in a mouse model of sepsis. In agreement with the PD evaluations in rats and their proposed mechanism of action, both RJX-P and RJX-B exhibited near-identical potent and dose-dependent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in the LPS-GalN model of ARDS and multi-organ failure in mice. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6Safety of Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate).

Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Safety of Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effect of dietary Ficus carica polysaccharides on the growth performance, innate immune response and survival of crucian carp against Aeromonas hydrophila infection was written by Wang, Erlong;Chen, Xia;Liu, Tao;Wang, Kaiyu. And the article was included in Fish & Shellfish Immunology in 2022.Product Details of 137-08-6 This article mentions the following:

Ficus carica polysaccharides (FCPS), one of the most effective and important compo-nents in Ficus carica L., had been considered to be a beneficial immunostimulant and may be used in immunotherapy for animals and human. However, studies were little about the effect of FCPS used as immunomodulatory and the suitable dosage in fish. The present study investigated the effect of four different dietary levels of FCPS (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8%) on the growth performance, innate immune responses and survival of crucian carp against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. The results showed that compared with control group, dietary FCPS had pos. effects the growth performance (final weight, feed conversion ratio and survival rate) of crucian carp. FCPS induced significant higher (p < 0.05) leukocyte phagocytosis activity, serum bactericidal activity, lysozyme activity, com-plement C3, SOD activity and total protein level in the serum of crucian carp. Moreover, innate immune response of fish in FCPS groups increased first and then decreased with increasing dietary FCPS from 0.1% to 0.8%, and reached up to the peak in 0.4% dietary FCPS groups. Besides, the cumulative mortalities in FCPS groups were remarkably lower than that of control group when challenged with A. hydrophila, the relative percent survivals were 22.67%, 55.56%, 62.22% and 17.78% in 0.1% group, 0.2% group, 0.4% group and 0.8% group, resp. These results suggested that dietary FCPS could improve the growth performance, innate immune response and disease resistance against A. hydrophila in fish, and the suitable dietary dose of FCPS was 0.4% in crucian carp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6Product Details of 137-08-6).

Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Product Details of 137-08-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Restorative materials without Bis-GMA – myth or reality was written by Garcia, Hermano;Fernandes, Ines Caldeira;Caldeira, Jorge;Pinto, Alexandra;Carpinteiro, Ines;Azul, Ana. And the article was included in Annals of Medicine (Abingdon, United Kingdom) in 2021.Synthetic Route of C16H26O7 This article mentions the following:

IntroductionThe Bis-GMA, which is known to possess toxic properties to the human body, is part of the chem. structure of several direct dental restorative materials [1]. However, currently, there are composite resins on the market that are free of this monomer [2]. From the dental resin are released many other compounds [3]. The aim of this study was to analyze the composition of restorative materials from three different brands, and to verify whether or not Bis-GMA monomers are present in their composition Materials and methodsSamples of the Enamel plus HRi Universal Dentin (Micerium), Enamel plus HRi Bio Function (Micerium), Filtek One Bulk Fill Restorative (3 M ESPE) and Admira Fusion (VOCO) resins were prepared using three different methods: light-curing resin specimens placed for 18 min in an ethanol/water solution; light-curing resin specimens placed for 180 min in an ethanol/water solution; resin samples eluted in an acetonitrile solution without being photopolymerized These samples were analyzed using the HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatog.) technique.ResultsHEMA, Bis-GMA and UDMA monomers were found in the composite resin Enamel plus HRi Universal Dentin (Micerium); UDMA monomers were detected in Enamel plus HRi Bio Function (Micerium); UDMA and TEGDMA monomers were revealed in Filtek One Bulk Fill Restorative (3 M ESPE), and HEMA and UDMA peaks were obtained in Admira Fusion (VOCO). Discussion and conclusionsThe release of most of the residual monomers occurs in the first minutes after polymerization As shown in the results, the difference of the concentrations of monomers, detected by the HPLC method, between the resins eluted during 18 min and 180 min, was not significant. It was concluded that in samples of non-polymerized resins, it is possible to detect a larger number of residual monomers, and that Bis-GMA is only present in Enamel plus HRi Universal Dentin (Micerium) resin. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1Synthetic Route of C16H26O7).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Synthetic Route of C16H26O7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts