Month: February 2023

Using facile one-pot thiol-ene reaction to prepare elastomers filled with silica was written by Kuang, Haifeng;Yin, Qiyan;Zhang, Ruyi;Wang, Penghan;Gou, Kai;Chen, Huan;Dai, Chenghao;Weng, Gengsheng. And the article was included in Journal of Polymer Research in 2020.Safety of ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) This article mentions the following:

Novel elastomers filled with different contents of silica through a two-step one-pot thiol-ene reaction were reported. Two monomers of poly (ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate and 1,6-hexanedithiol were used in the first step to synthesize a vinyl-terminated prepolymer at room temperature In the second step, silica and chem. cross-linker trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercaptopropionate) were directly added to the prepolymer in sequence and transparent elastomers were obtained in 30 min at room temperature The crosslinking kinetics and mech. properties in the presence of different contents of silica were investigated in detail by rheol., tensile and cyclic loading measurements. It was found that silica had a significant reinforcing effect on the mech. properties of the elastomers. Our synthetic method is simple, solvent-free and energy- and cost-efficient. Our findings pave a new way to fabricate novel sulfur-containing elastomers using thiol-ene chem. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1Safety of ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate)).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Safety of ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate)

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Impact of calcium salts addition on stability of milk used in cottage cheese production was written by Ziarno, Malgorzata;Semeniuk, Ewa;Kycia, Katarzyna. And the article was included in Zywnosc in 2004.Reference of 5743-47-5 This article mentions the following:

An effective way to increase Ca levels in cottage cheese is the addition of Ca salts to the pasteurized processed milk prior to its heat treatment (repasteurization). The impact of different Ca salts (Ca L-lactate pentahydrate, Ca lactogluconate dihydrate, Ca gluconate, CaCl₂, Ca citrate tetrahydrate, CaCO₃) added on the heat stability and some physicochem. properties of the processed milk used to manufacture cottage cheese was examined The water-soluble Ca salts (L-lactate, lactogluconate, gluconate, CaCl₂) added to the milk increased its acidity. The Ca-fortified milk had decreased heat stability and milk proteins precipitated during milk repasteurization (74°C for 5 min). The highest quantity of a water-soluble Ca salt added that did not precipitate the proteins during repasteurization was the addition of 0.15% anhydrous CaCl₂; with this addition the Ca content in the processed milk was increased by 55 mg%. An addnl. test for heat stability of milk proteins indicated that it was better to add 35 mg% Ca as CaCl₂ or 20 mg% Ca as the other Ca salts. The addition of water-insoluble Ca salts (citrate, carbonate) allowed to increase the Ca levels in the processed milk without neg. effects of protein precipitation Addition of even 5% of these Ca salts caused no decrease in the protein heat stability and no coagulation during the milk repasteurization. Various Ca salt combinations added to the processed milk provided higher Ca levels compared with single Ca salts added. When 63 mg% Ca as citrate and 20 mg% Ca as lactate were added together, the Ca level rose by 83 mg%. The use of Ca salt mixtures did not precipitate the proteins. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5Reference of 5743-47-5).

Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Reference of 5743-47-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Method development for the simultaneous estimation of ospemifine by using RP-HPLC was written by Chaitanya, Mitta;Swathi, Kalepu;Raju, P. Narayan;Swathi, Koduru. And the article was included in International Journal of Pharma Research and Health Sciences in 2015.Recommanded Product: (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

A selective and sensitive stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatog. method was developed and validated for the determination of Ospemifine. 10 mg of Ospemifine was dissolved in mobile phase. The solution was scanned from 200-400 nm the spectrum was obtained. The overlay spectrum was used for selection of wavelength for Ospemifine. The isobestic point was taken as detection wavelength. The separation was good, peak shape was good, so we conclude that there is no required for decrease the retention times of peak, so it is taken as final method. Mix a mixture of 40 mL water (40%) and 60 mL of Acetonitrile (60%) and degassed in ultrasonic water bath for 5 min. Filter through 0.22 μ filter under vacuum filtration.10 mg of Ospemifine working standard was accurately weighed and transferred into a 10 mL clean dry volumetric flask and add about 2 mL of diluent and sonicate to dissolve it completely and make volume up to the mark with the same solvent (Stock solution). Further pipet out 1.0 mL from the above stock solution into a 10 mL volumetric flask and was diluted up to the mark with diluent. The chromatog. method development for the estimation of Ospemifine were optimized by several trials for various parameters as different column, flow rate and mobile phase, finally the following chromatog. method was selected for the separation and quantification of Ospemifine in API and pharmaceutical dosage form by RP-HPLC method. The retention time of Ospemifine was found to be 2.425 mins. The system suitability parameters for Ospemifine such as theor. plates and tailing factor were found to be 4146, 1.2. The % purity Ospemifine in pharmaceutical dosage form was found to be 99.56%. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Recommanded Product: (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Recommanded Product: (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Characterization and Dioxygen Reactivity of a New Series of Coordinatively Unsaturated Thiolate-Ligated Manganese(II) Complexes was written by Coggins, Michael K.;Toledo, Santiago;Shaffer, Erika;Kaminsky, Werner;Shearer, Jason;Kovacs, Julie A.. And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry in 2012.Formula: C7H9NO This article mentions the following:

The synthesis, structural, and spectroscopic characterization of four new coordinatively unsaturated mononuclear thiolate-ligated manganese(II) complexes [Mn^II(S^Me2N₄(6-Me-DPEN))](BF₄) (1), [Mn^II(S^Me2N₄(6-Me-DPPN))](BPh₄)·MeCN (3), [Mn^II(S^Me2N₄(2-QuinoPN))](PF₆)·MeCN·Et₂O (4), and [Mn^II(S^Me2N₄(6-H-DPEN))(MeOH)](BPh₄) (5) S^Me2N₄(6-Me-DPEN), S^Me2N₄(6-Me-DPPN), S^Me2N₄(2-QuinoPN) and S^Me2N₄(6-H-DPEN) is Schiff base from 3-mercapto-3-methyl-2-butanone and N,N-bis(6-methyl-2-pyridylmethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine, N,N-bis(6-methyl-2-pyridylmethyl)propane-1,3-diamine, N,N-bis(2-quinolinemethyl)-propane-1,3-diamine, N,N-(bis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine, resp.) are described, along with their magnetic, redox, and reactivity properties. These complexes are structurally related to recently reported [Mn^II(S^Me2N₄(2-QuinoEN))](PF₆) (2) (Coggins, M. K.; Kovacs, J. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc.2011, 133, 12470). Dioxygen addition to complexes 1–5 gave five new rare examples of Mn(III) dimers containing a single, unsupported oxo bridge: [Mn^III(S^Me2N₄(6-Me-DPEN))]₂(μ-O)(BF₄)₂·2MeOH (6), [Mn^III(S^Me2N₄(QuinoEN))]₂(μ-O)(PF₆)₂·Et₂O (7), [Mn^III(S^Me2N₄(6-Me-DPPN))]₂(μ-O)(BPh₄)₂ (8), [Mn^III(S^Me2N₄(QuinoPN))]₂(μ-O)(BPh₄)₂ (9), and [Mn^III(S^Me2N₄(6-H-DPEN))]₂(μ-O)(PF₆)₂·2MeCN (10). Labeling studies show that the oxo atom is derived from ¹⁸O₂. Ligand modifications, involving either the insertion of a methylene into the backbone or the placement of an ortho substituent on the N-heterocyclic amine, noticeably modulate the magnetic and reactivity properties. Fits to solid-state magnetic susceptibility data show that the Mn(III) ions of μ-oxo dimers 6–10 are moderately antiferromagnetically coupled, with coupling constants (2J) that fall within the expected range. Metastable intermediates, which ultimately convert to μ-oxo bridged 6 and 7, are observed in low-temperature reactions between 1 and 2 and dioxygen. Complexes 3–5, however, do not form observable intermediates, thus illustrating the effect that relatively minor ligand modifications have upon the stability of metastable dioxygen-derived species. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0Formula: C7H9NO).

6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Formula: C7H9NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Inhibition of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Lyase for the Treatment of Autoimmune Disorders was written by Bagdanoff, Jeffrey T.;Donoviel, Michael S.;Nouraldeen, Amr;Tarver, James;Fu, Qinghong;Carlsen, Marianne;Jessop, Theodore C.;Zhang, Haiming;Hazelwood, Jill;Nguyen, Huy;Baugh, Simon D. P.;Gardyan, Michael;Terranova, Kristen M.;Barbosa, Joseph;Yan, Jack;Bednarz, Mark;Layek, Suman;Taylor, Jerry;Digeorge-Foushee, Ann Marie;Gopinathan, Suma;Bruce, Debra;Smith, Traci;Moran, Liam;O’Neill, Emily;Kramer, Jeff;Lai, Zhong;Kimball, S. David;Liu, Qingyun;Sun, Weimei;Yu, Sean;Swaffield, Jonathan;Wilson, Alan;Main, Alan;Carson, Kenneth G.;Oravecz, Tamas;Augeri, David J.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2009.Formula: C9H10BrNO2 This article mentions the following:

During nearly a decade of research dedicated to the study of sphingosine signaling pathways, we identified sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase (S1PL) as a drug target for the treatment of autoimmune disorders. S1PL catalyzes the irreversible decomposition of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) by a retro-aldol fragmentation that yields hexadecanaldehyde and phosphoethanolamine. Genetic models demonstrated that mice expressing reduced S1PL activity had decreased numbers of circulating lymphocytes due to altered lymphocyte trafficking, which prevented disease development in multiple models of autoimmune disease. Mechanistic studies of lymphoid tissue following oral administration of 2-acetyl-4(5)-(1(R),2(S),3(R),4-tetrahydroxybutyl)-imidazole (THI) showed a clear relationship between reduced lyase activity, elevated S1P levels, and lower levels of circulating lymphocytes. Our internal medicinal chem. efforts discovered potent analogs of 3 bearing heterocycles as chem. equivalent of the pendant carbonyl present in the parent structure. Reduction of S1PL activity by oral administration of these analogs recapitulated the phenotype of mice with genetically reduced S1PL expression. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-6-(2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)pyridine (cas: 49669-14-9Formula: C9H10BrNO2).

2-Bromo-6-(2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)pyridine (cas: 49669-14-9) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Formula: C9H10BrNO2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effect of MgO addition to Cu-Ni/Al₂O₃ catalysts on glycerol hydrogenolysis in continuous reactor without external hydrogen was written by Mendonca, Victor G. S.;Freitas, Isabelle C.;Manfro, Robinson L.;Souza, Mariana M. V. M.. And the article was included in Applied Catalysis, A: General in 2022.Quality Control of 1,2-Propanediol This article mentions the following:

Cu-Ni/xMgO-Al₂O₃ catalysts with x = 0, 10, 20 and 30 wt% were prepared and evaluated in glycerol hydrogenolysis to 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO) at 250°C, pressure of 40 bar for 30 h, without addition of external hydrogen. The addition of MgO to alumina decreased the surface area, increased the Cu/Ni dispersion and the number of basic sites. The highest 1,2-PDO yield was achieved by Cu-Ni/30%MgO-Al₂O₃ catalyst: 50% after 6 h of reaction; it decreases to 25% after 30 h. The decrease in 1,2-PDO yield is accompanied by an increase in acetol yield, showing that the rate limiting step for MgO-Al₂O₃ catalysts is the hydrogenation of acetol to 1,2-PDO because there is not enough hydrogen in reaction medium. For Cu-Ni/MgO catalyst, the reaction pathway changed to the basic route, with preferential formation of lactic acid (50% of lactic acid yield in the first hours of reaction). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Quality Control of 1,2-Propanediol).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Quality Control of 1,2-Propanediol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Stereoselective Synthesis of Vinylboronates by Rh-Catalyzed Borylation of Stereoisomeric Mixtures was written by Li, Shenhuan;Li, Jie;Xia, Tianlai;Zhao, Wanxiang. And the article was included in Chinese Journal of Chemistry in 2019.Formula: C9H9F3O This article mentions the following:

The stereoselective preparation of vinylboronates via rhodium-catalyzed borylation of E/Z mixtures of vinyl acetates is described, and this method was also extended to synthesis of vinyldiboronates. These transformations feature high functional group compatibility and mild reaction conditions. Control experiments support a mechanism that involved a Rh-catalyzed borylation-isomerization sequence. The isomerization of (Z)-vinylboronates to (E)-isomers was also demonstrated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol (cas: 94022-96-5Formula: C9H9F3O).

2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol (cas: 94022-96-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Formula: C9H9F3O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Induction of the Prenylated Stilbenoids Arachidin-1 and Arachidin-3 and Their Semi-Preparative Separation and Purification from Hairy Root Cultures of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) was written by Sharma, Amit Raj;Gajurel, Gaurav;Ahmed, Izzeldin;Roedel, Krystian;Medina-Bolivar, Fabricio. And the article was included in Molecules in 2022.Recommanded Product: (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol This article mentions the following:

Prenylated stilbenoids such as arachidin-1 and arachidin-3 are stilbene derivatives that exhibit multiple pharmacol. activities. We report an elicitation strategy using different combinations of cyclodextrin, hydrogen peroxide, Me jasmonate and magnesium chloride to increase arachidin-1 and arachidin-3 production in peanut hairy root cultures. The treatment of hairy root cultures with cyclodextrin with hydrogen peroxide selectively enhanced arachidin-1 yield (132.6 ± 20.4 mg/L), which was 1.8-fold higher than arachidin-3. Similarly, cyclodextrin combined with Me jasmonate selectively enhanced arachidin-3 yield (178.2 ± 6.8 mg/L), which was 5.5-fold higher than arachidin-1. Re-elicitation of the hairy root cultures further increased the levels of arachidin-1 and arachidin-3 by 24% and 42%, resp. The Et acetate extract of the culture medium was consecutively fractionated by normal- and reversed-phase column chromatog., followed by semi-preparative HPLC purification on a C18 column to yield arachidin-1 with a recovery rate of 32% and arachidin-3 with a recovery rate of 39%, both at higher than 95% purity. This study provided a sustainable strategy to produce high-purity arachidin-1 and arachidin-3 using hairy root cultures of peanuts combined with column chromatog. and semi-preparative HPLC. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Recommanded Product: (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Recommanded Product: (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Photolabile ROMP gels using ortho-nitrobenzyl functionalized crosslinkers was written by Hu, Xiaoran;Shi, Junfeng;Thomas, Samuel W. III. And the article was included in Polymer Chemistry in 2015.Application of 60463-12-9 This article mentions the following:

This paper describes a series of four ortho-nitrobenzyl substituted bis(norbornene) crosslinkers that are suitable for the preparation of photoresponsive organogels and hydrogels through ring-opening metathesis polymerization As measured by several techniques-visual inspections, rheol., and release of network-bound polymers-organogels prepared using these four crosslinkers varied in their sensitivity to UV irradiation by about two orders of magnitude. The reactivity of the gels shows qual. correlation with the stability of the intermediate benzylic radicals. Gels with larger crosslink densities required longer UV irradiation time to dissolve than gels with smaller crosslink densities. Together, these results demonstrate how rational changes to the structures of crosslinkers and gels can tune photosensitivity. Finally, we show a proof-of-concept photochem. release experiment of a phys. entrapped fluorescent polymer from a photolabile ROMP hydrogel. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9Application of 60463-12-9).

3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Application of 60463-12-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Inhibition of human sulfotransferase 2A1-catalyzed sulfonation of lithocholic acid, glycolithocholic acid, and taurolithocholic acid by selective estrogen receptor modulators and various analogs and metabolites was written by Bansal, Sumit;Lau, Aik Jiang. And the article was included in Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics in 2019.Reference of 128607-22-7 This article mentions the following:

The present study was done to characterize the sulfonation of LCA, GLCA, and TLCA and to investigate whether triphenylethylene (clomifene, tamoxifen, toremifene, ospemifene, droloxifene), benzothiophene (raloxifene, arzoxifene), tetrahydronaphthalene (lasofoxifene, nafoxidine), indole (bazedoxifene), and benzopyran (acolbifene) classes of selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) inhibit LCA, GLCA, and TLCA sulfonation. Human recombinant SULT2A1, but not SULT2B1b or SULT1E1, catalyzed LCA, GLCA, and TLCA sulfonation, whereas each of these enzymes catalyzed DHEA sulfonation. LCA, GLCA, and TLCA sulfonation is catalyzed by human liver cytosol, and SULT2A1 followed the substrate inhibition model with comparable apparent Km values (=1 muM). The potency and extent of inhibition of LCA sulfonation were attenuated or increased by structural modifications to toremifene, bazedoxifene, and lasofoxifene. The inhibitory effect of raloxifene, bazedoxifene, and acolbifene on LCA sulfonation was also observed in HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Overall, among the SERMs investigated, bazedoxifene and raloxifene were the most effective inhibitors of LCA, GLCA, and TLCA sulfonation. These findings provide insight into the structural features of specific SERMs that contribute to their inhibition of SULT2A1-catalyzed LCA sulfonation. Inhibition of LCA, GLCA, and TLCA detoxification by a SERM may provide a biochem. basis for adverse effects associated with a SERM. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Reference of 128607-22-7).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Reference of 128607-22-7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts