Month: February 2023

Bioreduction of fluoroacetophenones by the fungi Aspergillus terreus and Rhizopus oryzae was written by Comasseto, Joao V.;Omori, Alvaro T.;Andrade, Leandro H.;Porto, Andre L. M.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron: Asymmetry in 2003.SDS of cas: 171032-87-4 This article mentions the following:

The enantioselective bioreduction of a number of fluoroacetophenones, e.g. I, was carried out with whole cells of Rhizopus oryzae CCT 4964, Aspergillus terreus CCT 3320 and Aspergillus terreus CCT 4083 giving the corresponding alcs. in good yield and high enantioselectivity. Initial results with these fungi indicated that some of them are promising biocatalysts for deracemization reactions of secondary alcs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4SDS of cas: 171032-87-4).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.SDS of cas: 171032-87-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Deoxygenative C-S Bond Coupling with Sulfinates via Nickel/Photoredox Dual Catalysis was written by Zhong, Shuai;Zhou, Zhiwei;Zhao, Feng;Mao, Guojiang;Deng, Guo-Jun;Huang, Huawen. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2022.Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4 This article mentions the following:

The C-S bond formation from aryl halides and thiols has been well established under various catalytic systems. In this work, user-friendly sulfinates have been exploited as an efficient sulfenylating reagent in the C-S couplings through visible light-induced photo/nickel dual catalysis under base- and external reductant-free conditions. A large number of aryl sulfide products were accessed with high selectivity and high tolerance of various functionalities. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Facile eco-friendly synthesis of 3,4,6,7-tetrahydro-3,3,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-xanthene 1,8(5H,9H)-dione, crystal structure and theoretical study was written by Tarannum, N.;Singh, M.. And the article was included in Crystallography Reports in 2014.Application of 4074-88-8 This article mentions the following:

New biol. active coumarin derivative, substituted xanthenedione was synthesized by an easy, facile, cost-effective and efficient method from dimedone and diethylene glycol diacrylate without use of expensive and hazardous catalyst. The synthesis is simple, short, high-yielding and also does not require expensive solvents. The compound was characterized by IR, NMR and x-ray crystallog. study. DFT (D. Functional Theory) calculations were performed at Becke’s 3-parameter functional and Lee-Yang-Parr functional (B3LYP) level of calculation and the 6-31G++ basis set was used for ground state geometry optimization. A comparison of the selected bond lengths and bond angles of the crystal structure and theor. optimized structure by DFT showed good agreement. The DFT study of electron surface potential (ESP), showed a large intramol. charge transfer efficiency of the mol. indicating optical activity of xanthenedione. Crystallog. data are given. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Application of 4074-88-8).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Application of 4074-88-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ospemifene, vulvovaginal atrophy, and breast cancer was written by Wurz, Gregory T.;Soe, Lin H.;DeGregorio, Michael W.. And the article was included in Maturitas in 2013.Formula: C24H23ClO2 This article mentions the following:

The incidence and severity of vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) in postmenopausal breast cancer patients has a significant impact on quality of life. While the etiol. of VVA is primarily related to low estrogen levels seen in menopause, women with breast cancer have an added risk of VVA induced by a combination of chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and menopause. Ospemifene is a new, non-hormonal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) triphenylethylene derivative that is effective in treating VVA in postmenopausal women. Although other SERMs have antagonistic effects on the vagina, ospemifene exerts an estrogen-like effect on the vaginal epithelium. This review will focus on data demonstrating the antiestrogenic activity of ospemifene in several unique breast cancer animal models, and the implications for utilizing ospemifene in patients with breast cancer suffering from VVA. Addnl. research addressing the expanded use of ospemifene in breast cancer patients is also warranted. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Formula: C24H23ClO2).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Formula: C24H23ClO2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Safety aspects of natural food additives frequently used at their maximum levels in South Korea was written by Yoo, Na-Kyung;Kim, Ye-Hyun;Choi, Soo-Jin. And the article was included in Molecular & Cellular Toxicology in 2022.Application In Synthesis of (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol This article mentions the following:

Natural food additives are widely applied to processed foods, but their maximum usage levels and acceptable daily intake have not been established in most cases. Moreover, relatively little information is available about the safety aspects of natural food additives compared with synthetic ones. We evaluated the cytotoxicity of five natural food additives frequently used in South Korea, such as smoke flavors, erythritol, inositol, shellac, and γ-oryzanol, at practical usage levels to provide basic information about their potential toxicity and for further in vivo studies. The cytotoxicity was assessed for cell viability, membrane damage, and reactive oxygen species generation in cultured intestinal cells and intestinal barrier models. The highest concentrations for cytotoxicity evaluation were set based on their maximum usage and daily intake levels from the Item Manufacturing Report and the Korea Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, resp. The results showed that the natural additives tested did not exhibit cytotoxicity at their maximum usage and daily intake levels; however, the cytotoxicity of smoke flavors could be affected by manufacturing forms. Addnl., the potential antioxidant activity of erythritol, inositol, and γ-oryzanol was found. The natural food additives tested did not exhibit cytotoxicity at their maximum usage levels. However, the cytotoxicity of smoke flavors was affected by manufacturing forms, suggesting the importance of manufacturing process for the safety of natural food additives. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Application In Synthesis of (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Application In Synthesis of (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines was written by Schlepphorst, Christoph;Wiesenfeldt, Mario P.;Glorius, Frank. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2018.Quality Control of (6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)methanol This article mentions the following:

The enantioselective synthesis of tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines by direct hydrogenation was achieved using a ruthenium/N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalyst. The reaction forgoes the need for protecting or activating groups, proceeds with complete regioselectivity, good to excellent yields, enantiomeric ratios of up to 98:2, and tolerates a broad range of functional groups [e.g., I → II (95.5:4.5 e.r., 99% isolated yield)]. 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines, which are found in numerous bioactive mols., were directly obtained by this method, and its applicability was demonstrated by the (formal) synthesis of several functional mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 79651-64-2Quality Control of (6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)methanol).

(6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 79651-64-2) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Quality Control of (6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)methanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Controlled multi-vinyl monomer homopolymerization through vinyl oligomer combination as a universal approach to hyperbranched architectures was written by Zhao, Tianyu;Zheng, Yu;Poly, Julien;Wang, Wenxin. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2013.Safety of Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate This article mentions the following:

The three-dimensional structures of hyperbranched materials have made them attractive in many important applications. However, the preparation of hyperbranched materials remains challenging. The hyperbranched materials from addition polymerization have gained attention, but are still confined to only a low level of branching and often low yield. Moreover, the complication of synthesis only allows a few specialized monomers and inimers to be used. Here we report a ‘Vinyl Oligomer Combination’ strategy; a versatile approach that overcomes these difficulties and allows facile synthesis of highly branched polymeric materials from readily available multi-vinyl monomers, which have long been considered as formidable starting materials in addition polymerization We report the alteration of the growth manner of polymerization by controlling the kinetic chain length, together with the manipulation of chain growth conditions, to achieve veritable hyperbranched materials, which possess nearly 70% branch ratios as well as numerous vinyl functional groups. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Safety of Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Safety of Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Three component terpolymer and IPN hydrogels with response to stimuli was written by Alzari, Valeria;Ruiu, Andrea;Nuvoli, Daniele;Sanna, Roberta;Martinez, Javier Illescas;Appelhans, Dietmar;Voit, Brigitte;Zschoche, Stefan;Mariani, Alberto. And the article was included in Polymer in 2014.Related Products of 109-17-1 This article mentions the following:

Two different types of multi-stimuli-shrinking hydrogels were synthesized (IPNs and terpolymeric hydrogels) by properly polymerizing N-isopropylacrylamide, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid in various mutual ratios and different synthetic orders. Both classical (CP) and frontal (FP) polymerizations were used and the resulting material properties compared. The best compositions and synthetic routes were found and the swelling, morphol. and thermal material properties were studied. The results show that some IPNs exhibit marked stimuli-shrinking properties while some terpolymers present an opposite behavior. IPNs swell more than terpolymers and show a sharper stimuli-response, with a larger swelling ratio variation. In addition, FP allowed obtaining samples with the same characteristic of CP materials, but with significant preparation advantages. It has been demonstrated that by varying monomer mutual ratio, synthetic technique (FP or CP) and structural architecture (terpolymers or IPNs), different materials having peculiar properties and characteristics can be obtained. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1Related Products of 109-17-1).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Related Products of 109-17-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Repurposing of tamoxifen ameliorates CLN3 and CLN7 disease phenotype was written by Soldati, Chiara;Lopez-Fabuel, Irene;Wanderlingh, Luca G.;Garcia-Macia, Marina;Monfregola, Jlenia;Esposito, Alessandra;Napolitano, Gennaro;Guevara-Ferrer, Marta;Scotto Rosato, Anna;Krogsaeter, Einar K.;Paquet, Dominik;Grimm, Christian M.;Montefusco, Sandro;Braulke, Thomas;Storch, Stephan;Mole, Sara E.;De Matteis, Maria A.;Ballabio, Andrea;Sampaio, Julio L.;McKay, Tristan;Johannes, Ludger;Bolanos, Juan P.;Medina, Diego L.. And the article was included in EMBO Molecular Medicine in 2021.Computed Properties of C24H23ClO2 This article mentions the following:

Batten diseases (BDs) are a group of lysosomal storage disorders characterized by seizure, visual loss, and cognitive and motor deterioration. We discovered increased levels of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) in cellular and murine models of CLN3 and CLN7 diseases and used fluorescent-conjugated bacterial toxins to label Gb3 to develop a cell-based high content imaging (HCI) screening assay for the repurposing of FDA-approved compounds able to reduce this accumulation within BD cells. We found that tamoxifen reduced the lysosomal accumulation of Gb3 in CLN3 and CLN7 cell models, including neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs) from CLN7 patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). Here, tamoxifen exerts its action through a mechanism that involves activation of the transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master gene of lysosomal function and autophagy. In vivo administration of tamoxifen to the CLN7^δex2 mouse model reduced the accumulation of Gb3 and SCMAS, decreased neuroinflammation, and improved motor coordination. These data strongly suggest that tamoxifen may be a suitable drug to treat some types of Batten disease. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Computed Properties of C24H23ClO2).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Computed Properties of C24H23ClO2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Preparation method of double-textured ZnO:B films deposited by MOCVD on plasma etched polymer buffer was written by Addonizio, M. L.;Fusco, L.. And the article was included in Journal of Alloys and Compounds in 2015.Formula: C16H26O7 This article mentions the following:

With the aim of enhancing light trapping phenomenon in PV thin film silicon devices, a method was developed to produce highly textured TCO surfaces by the growth of ZnO:B on a buffer layer consisting of UV-cured highly transparent acrylic polymer (IBA) whose surface had been modified by RIE process. Different RIE etching conditions, particularly RF-power and process duration, were used to obtain different polymer surface modifications. The effect of different treatment conditions on polymer surface was systematically studied and subsequently correlated to the properties of ZnO:B films deposited by MOCVD on these modified polymer surfaces. The surface morphol. of zinc oxide film, growth on IBA buffer layer, changed from conventional pyramid-like single-texture to cauliflower-like double-texture. The morphol. of double-textured ZnO strongly depended on the surface properties of the etched polymer. Excellent scattering properties were obtained and at the wavelength of 800 nm the haze value increased from 7.5% (pyramidal-like single-texture ZnO layer on glass) to 68% (double textured ZnO film obtained on etched IBA, treated for 20 min at RF-power of 80 W). The root-mean-square roughness showed similar behavior: it increased at the increasing of the etching time and the highest value of 160 nm was obtained for cauliflower-like ZnO:B film. Good elec. properties were maintained for double-textured ZnO:B films with excellent scattering properties. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1Formula: C16H26O7).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Formula: C16H26O7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts