Reinforcing effects of fentanyl and sufentanil aerosol puffs in rats was written by Shelton, Keith L.;Nicholson, Katherine L.. And the article was included in Psychopharmacology (Heidelberg, Germany) in 2022.Reference of 57-55-6 This article mentions the following:
Rapidly evolving e-cigarette technol. developed for self-administering nicotine aerosol has the potential to be utilized to self-administer other aerosolized drugs of abuse. Rodent models which mirror characteristics of human e-cigarette use are necessary to explore the degree to which this may be a public health concern. Our goal was to develop a highly translational model of discrete nose-only aerosol puff drug delivery to explore the reinforcing effects of fentanyl and sufentanil aerosols in rats. Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to perform a multiple schedule FR1 lever-press, 4-s (second) nose hold operant during which the subjects orofacial areas were exposed to drug-free glycerol/propylene glycol aerosol produced by a com. e-cigarette at a power setting of 18 W. Each completed 4-s drug-free vehicle aerosol exposure resulted in a 3-s presentation of a 0.1-mL dipper of sweetened milk solution After training, rats were then allowed to self-administer 4-s nose-only puffs of fentanyl (100-6000 μg/mL) or sufentanil (30-500 μg/mL) aerosol in the absence of paired milk dipper reinforcers. All 31 rats learned the lever-press/nose-poke multiple schedule for milk dippers alone and 25 accepted exposure to 4 s of 18 W of drug-free vehicle aerosol when paired with milk dipper presentations. In the absence of paired milk dipper presentations, fentanyl aerosol puffs at concentrations of 1000 and 3000 μg/mL as well as 100 μg/mL puffs of sufentanil served as reinforcers compared to both air puffs and drug-free vehicle aerosol puffs. There were no significant differences between males and females in number of fentanyl or sufentanil puffs self-administered. Discrete nose-only puffs of two potent opioids under exposure conditions comparable to puff durations in human e-cigarette users serve as reinforcers in rats. This outcome suggests that under appropriate conditions e-cigarettes might be a potential alternative delivery mechanism for illicit opioids. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Reference of 57-55-6).
1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Reference of 57-55-6
Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts