Stimulation of Secondary Metabolites and γ-Terpinene Synthase by Silver Nanoparticles in Callus Cultures of Carum carvi was written by Dehghani-Aghchekohal, Zahra;Omidi, Mansoor;Azizinezhad, Reza;Etminan, Alireza. And the article was included in Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol This article mentions the following:
Biotechnol. and nanotechnol. are important tools for understanding biochem. pathways. They can be used efficiently for stimulating and increasing the production of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. The present study aimed to identify the γ-terpinene synthase gene (CcTPS2) as an effective contributor to the biosynthetic pathway of monoterpenes. The effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs; 50 and 100 mg l- 1) and time (24 and 48 h) were examined on secondary metabolites in cell suspension cultures of Carum carvi. This involved the identification, isolation, and sequencing of a partial sequence in the CcTPS2 gene of C. carvi. The genomic sequence of CcTPS2 comprised 292 bp which were organized into two exons (110 and 82 bp) and one intron (100 bp), while the cDNA was 192 bp. In the scale of nucleotides, the CcTPS2 gene showed 96% similarity with the TPS2 gene of Oliveria decumbens. We generated sequence data of the CcTPS2 gene for the first time in this species, thereby enabling further developments in understanding the mol. mechanisms responsible for terpene biosynthesis and other chem. derivatives in C. carvi. The results of GC/MS and GC/FID showed that AgNPs strongly affected the secondary metabolites in cell suspension cultures of C. carvi. According to the results, the AgNPs (50 mg l- 1) increased p-cymene and carvone contents in comparison with the control. The exposure of plants to 100 mg l- 1 AgNPs induced the production of thymol and carvacrol. The results of real-time PCR revealed that the exposure of plants to 100 mg l- 1 AgNPs caused a significant upregulation of CcTPS2 expression for 24 h. These cell suspension cultures were elicited by AgNPs, the application of which proved as an effective method to improve the production of secondary metabolites in vitro. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Application In Synthesis of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol).
5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Application In Synthesis of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol
Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts