A randomized controlled trial examining the effects of treatment with propylene glycol and injectable cyanocobalamin on naturally occurring disease, milk production, and reproductive outcomes of dairy cows diagnosed with concurrent hyperketonemia and hypoglycemia was written by Hubner, A. M.;Canisso, I. F.;Peixoto, P. M.;Coelho, W. M. Jr.;Ribeiro, L.;Aldridge, B. M.;Lima, F. S.. And the article was included in Journal of Dairy Science in 2022.Synthetic Route of C3H8O2 This article mentions the following:
The objective of this study was to assess the effects of treatment with propylene glycol (PG) and cyanocobalamin (B12) on health, milk production, and reproductive outcomes of cows diagnosed with hyperketonemia (HK), hypoglycemia (HG), or concurrent HKHG. Glucose and β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) concentrations were assessed in whole blood using a handheld device in lactating dairy cows (n = 2,418) between 3 and 9 d postpartum. Cows categorized as HK (n = 232, BHBA ≥1.2 mmol/L), HG (n = 161, glucose ≤2.2 mmol/L), and concurrent HKHG (n = 204, BHBA ≥1.2 mmol/L, and glucose ≤2.2 mmol/L) were randomized to receive treatment or to remain untreated (control). Treatment consisted of a single dose of B12 (10 mg, i.m.) and 300 mL of PG orally for 5 d, starting on the day of cow-side testing. Milk production, health, and reproductive outcomes were analyzed according to groups. Statistical anal. was carried out using SAS version 9.4 (SAS/STAT, SAS Institute Inc.). Treatment in HG cows decreased clin. ketosis, increased milk production in the fifth week of lactation for multiparous cows, and tended to increase 305-d mature-equivalent milk yield (305ME) for primiparous cows compared with untreated cows with the same metabolic profile. For cows with HKHG, treatment increased 305ME in multiparous cows and tended to increase 305ME in primiparous cows. No differences were found for treatment among any of the metabolic groups regarding reproductive outcomes, nor were any treatment effects found among HK cows. Glycemic status may help identify metabolically challenged early postpartum dairy cows, which may have differential response to PG and B12 treatment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Synthetic Route of C3H8O2).
1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Synthetic Route of C3H8O2
Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts