Metabolomics reveals potential biomarkers of rice gall midge (Orseolia oryzae) interactions was written by Chen, Can;Zhang, Zong-qiong;Xia, Xiu-zhong;Yang, Xing-hai;Nong, Bao-xuan;Zhang, Xiao-li;Xu, Zhi-jian;Li, Dan-ting;Guo, Hui;Feng, Rui. And the article was included in Nanfang Nongye Xuebao in 2021.Quality Control of (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol This article mentions the following:
[Objective] To detect differential levels of metabolites between rice gall midge (RGM)-resistant and -susceptible rice materials to provide a theor. basis for analyzing rice-RGM interaction and assist in the development of green controls of RGM in rice. [Method] GXM-001-2 (high resistance) and TN1 (high susceptibility) were inoculated with RGM and liquid chromatog.-mass spectrometry was employed to detect changes in metabolite levels after 48 h. [Result] 330 metabolites were detected, of which 155 were known metabolites. TN1 displayed a much higher number of up-regulated metabolites after RGM infection than in GXM-001-2, where metabolites were largely down-regulated. The anal. of potential biochem. markers of rice infected by RGM showed that differentially regulated metabolites could be classified into four categories associated with resistance (n=16), susceptibility (n=16), infection (n=7) and host characteristics (n=3). Biochem. markers and fold change anal. showed that the resistance category included 1-aminocyclopropanicarboxylic acid, 3-phosphoglyceric acid, eicosanoic acid, 6-methylvitamin D, glutamic acid, phytol and tyrosine of which, the latter 4 were upregulated. Compounds associated with susceptibility included 2-hexketoic acid, 3-phenyllactic acid, 6-hydroxy hexanoic acid and other substances, of which 7 substances, including 6-hydroxy hexanoic acid, glucose and piceatannol, were downregulated. The characteristic compounds of infection included 4-aminobutyric acid, galactonic acid, propanedioic acid and adenine, uridine, propanedioic acid, and 纬-aminobutyric acid showed similar up or down trends in GXM-001-2 and TN1. The host characteristic substances consisted of isoleucine, hexadecanoic acid and cycloleucine, with the former two substances at significantly higher levels in GXM-001-2 relative to TN1 (P<0.05). [Conclusion] Under rice RGM condition, 16, 16, 7 and 3 metabolites associated with resistance, susceptibility, infection and host characteristics, resp., were selected. Of these, fatty acids and their derivatives (hexadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid and 尾-hydroxytetradecanoic acid), amino acids (glutamic acid, tyrosine, phenylalanine and 纬-aminobutyric acid), phenolic acids (ferulic acid), terpenoids (phyllol) and amines (acetanilide, benzylamine and lactamide) are the most important potential biomarkers of RGM infection, which could play important roles in plant insect defense responses. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Quality Control of (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol).
(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R鈥昈鈭?. For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Quality Control of (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol
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