Month: January 2023

Paths in the synthesis of 1,9,10-trimethoxy-2,3-methylendioxyaporphine was written by Vinogradova, V. I.;Yunusov, M. S.. And the article was included in Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii in 1985.Safety of Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol This article mentions the following:

Treating aldehyde I with NH₄OAc-AcOH in refluxing MeNO₂ gave 81% nitrostyrene II (R = CH:CHNO₂) which was reduced by LiAlH₄ in Et₂O to give 70% amine II (R = CH₂CH₂NH₂). The latter was treated with (2-bromo-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)acetic acid to give tetrahydroisoquinoline III via Bischler-Napieralski cyclization, whose attempted photocyclization gave only 2-bromo-4,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde and unreacted III. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol (cas: 69393-72-2Safety of Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol).

Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol (cas: 69393-72-2) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Safety of Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Biodegradable and stimuli sensitive amphiphilic graft copolymers and their sol-gel phase transition behavior was written by Tamer, Yasemin;Yildirim, Hueseyin. And the article was included in Polymers for Advanced Technologies in 2015.Application of 4074-88-8 This article mentions the following:

PH and temperature-sensitive biodegradable poly(β-aminoester)-graft-poly(ε-caprolactone)-block-methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (PBAE-g-PCL-b-mPEG) amphiphilic graft copolymers with different mol. weights were synthesized. The structure of these copolymers was adjusted by varying the feed ratios of ε-caprolactone to methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)s (mPEG), amine and diacrylate monomer amounts and the mol. weight of mPEG. Aqueous solutions of these copolymers formed micelles at lower concentrations; however, the concentrated solutions showed a reversible sol-gel transition property depending on both pH and temperature changes under representative physiol. conditions (pH 7.4, 37°C). The effects of the mol. weight of pH-sensitive poly(β-aminoester) block and mPEG group, the hydrophobic to hydrophilic block ratio (PCL/mPEG) and the concentration of the copolymer on the sol-gel transition were investigated. Proton NMR (¹H NMR) and gel permeation chromatog. measurements were used to characterize the structure of the synthesized copolymers. The self-assemble behavior and critical micelle concentration of the amphiphilic copolymers were estimated in phosphate buffer solution using fluorescence spectroscopy. The gelling behavior was measured by using tube inversion method. At pH 7.4, all copolymer solutions prepared 20 wt% concentration indicated sol-gel transition with increasing temperature In vitro degradation experiments displayed that the synthesized graft copolymers mostly degraded hydrolytically within 20 days under physiol. conditions. In order to investigate the potential application of synthesized hydrogels in drug delivery, Methylene Blue was used and approx. 70% of the loaded amount was released in 120 h. The findings indicate that obtained graft copolymers can be used as injectable biodegradable carriers for pharmaceutical drugs. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Application of 4074-88-8).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Application of 4074-88-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effects of ospemifene on vaginal epithelium of post-menopausal women was written by Alvisi, Stefania;Baldassarre, Maurizio;Martelli, Valentina;Gava, Giulia;Seracchioli, Renato;Meriggiola, Maria Cristina. And the article was included in Gynecological Endocrinology in 2017.Synthetic Route of C24H23ClO2 This article mentions the following:

Ospemifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator used for the treatment of vulvo-vaginal atrophy (VVA) in post-menopausal women. No direct evidence of its effects on histol. features of the human vagina has been reported. To evaluate the effects of ospemifene on histol. parameters, glycogen content, proliferation, and estrogen receptor α expression (ERα) of vaginal epithelium in post-menopausal women. Thirty-two post-menopausal women undergoing surgical procedures were enrolled. Sixteen subjects taking ospemifene at the time of inclusion (OSP) were compared to 16 subjects not taking any hormone (CTL). Vaginal biopsies were taken from the proximal and distal vaginal wall during surgery to evaluate histol., Ki-67 and ERα expression. OSP group showed thicker vaginal epithelium (349 ± 64 vs. 245 ± 53 μm, p < .001), higher proliferation index (212 ± 47 vs. 127 ± 28 Ki-67⁺ cells/mm, p < .001), higher epithelial (27.3 ± 3.1 vs. 20.6 ± 2.9 score, p < .001) and stromal (26.6 ± 4.9 vs. 20.6 ± 2.6 score, p < .001) ERα expression when compared to the CTL group. In postmenopausal women affected by VVA, 1 mo intake of ospemifene is associated with an increased maturation, and ERα expression of the vaginal mucosa. These changes may partially explain the improvement of symptoms of vaginal atrophy reported with this drug. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Synthetic Route of C24H23ClO2).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Synthetic Route of C24H23ClO2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Amphiphilic glycopolymer-type macromonomers for the preparation of carbohydrate-decorated polymer particles was written by Tanaka, Tomonari;Nguyen, Minh Tan;Minoda, Masahiko. And the article was included in Chemistry Letters in 2018.Electric Literature of C10H14O5 This article mentions the following:

Amphiphilic block copolymers composed of polyacrylamide (PAAm) bearing maltose (Mal) moieties, poly(N-tert-butylacrylamide) (PTBAAm) segments, and a terminal acryloyl group were synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and thiol-ene reaction. The resulting glycopolymer-type macromonomers were used to prepare Mal-decorated polymer particles by dispersion copolymerization of the Mal-bearing block copolymers with styrene. The carbohydrate-decorated polymer particles in aqueous suspension were specifically recognized by the lectin Con A (Con A). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Electric Literature of C10H14O5).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Electric Literature of C10H14O5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Determination of volatile compounds in sesame oil and sesame flavor using headspace solid-phase microextraction and GC-MS was written by Qin, Zao;Yang, Ran;Gao, Gui-yuan;Huang, Ji-nian;Chen, Xiao-lan;Qu, Ling-bo. And the article was included in Shipin Kexue (Beijing, China) in 2012.Application In Synthesis of Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol This article mentions the following:

The volatile composition of com. and laboratory-prepared sesame oil and two sesame flavor samples was analyzed by headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Sesame flavor contained higher levels of volatile compounds such as pyrazines, furans, pyridines, ketones and phenols, which greatly contributed to the aroma of sesame oil. However, such compounds as 3,5-dimethyl-phenol, 3-methyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione, 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one, cyclooctane and 2-furfurylthiol were observed in sesame flavor but not in sesame oil. Thiazole and pyrrole were only detected in sesame oil but not in sesame flavor. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol (cas: 69393-72-2Application In Synthesis of Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol).

Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol (cas: 69393-72-2) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Application In Synthesis of Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Physicochemical properties and oxidative stability of corn oil in infrared-based and hot air-circulating cookers was written by Kim, YoonHa;Kim, Mi-Ja;Lee, JaeHwan. And the article was included in Food Science and Biotechnology in 2022.Related Products of 3391-86-4 This article mentions the following:

Corn oil was heated using an IR cooker, an air fryer, and a cooking oven at similar temperatures, and oxidative stability and physicochem. properties including moisture content, temperature change, the profile of headspace volatiles, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde of the heated oils were compared. Corn oil heated using the air fryer showed the lowest degree of oxidation, followed by that heated using the IR cooker and the cooking oven. However, the content of headspace volatiles in 120 min heated oil using the IR cooker was higher by 2.57 and 5.37 times than that in oil heated using the cooking oven and the air fryer, resp. The profiles of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in oils showed patterns inconsistent with those of headspace volatile and oxidation parameters. Generally, the air fryer-treated oil underwent slow lipid oxidation, whereas oil from the IR cooker had more volatiles and imparted odor to foods. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4Related Products of 3391-86-4).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Related Products of 3391-86-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

α- and β-[Fe₂(μ-S^tBu)₂(S^tBu)₄]^2-: Coexistence of two bond-stretch isomers of a classical bitetrahedral metal chalcogenolate compound was written by Hammann, Bernd;Chen, Changneng;Floerke, Ulrich;Hauptmann, Ralf;Bill, Eckhard;Sinnecker, Sebastian;Henkel, Gerald. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2006.Reference of 29364-29-2 This article mentions the following:

[Fe₂(S^tBu)₆]^2- shows a new form of isomerism. Besides the isomer of classical structure for [Fe₂(μ-S^tBu)₂(S^tBu)₄](NMe₄)₂ (1a) there is also a variant (1b) in which the central Fe₂S₂ rhomb is inverted and the Fe-S bonds are distinctly shorter. 1B can be regarded as a transition state during the inversion of the bridging S atoms of 1a that is stabilized by significant π interactions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2Reference of 29364-29-2).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Reference of 29364-29-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of N-heteroarenemethyl esters via C-C bond cleavage of acyl cyanides under transition metal-free conditions was written by Lai, Miao;Su, Fangyao;Hu, Jingyi;Wang, Mengzhuo;Zhao, Mingqin;Zhang, Ganlin. And the article was included in Frontiers in Chemistry (Lausanne, Switzerland) in 2021.Product Details of 118289-16-0 This article mentions the following:

A practical method to synthesize N-heteroaryl esters from N-heteroaryl methanols with acyl cyanides via C-C bond cleavage without using any transition metal is demonstrated here. The use of Na₂CO₃/15-crown-5 couple enables access to a series of N-heteroaryl esters in high efficiency. This protocol is operationally simple and highly environmentally benign producing only cyanides as byproducts. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromopyridine-4-methanol (cas: 118289-16-0Product Details of 118289-16-0).

2-Bromopyridine-4-methanol (cas: 118289-16-0) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Product Details of 118289-16-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

The palladium/norbornene-catalyzed ortho-silylmethylation reaction: a practical protocol for ortho-functionalized one-carbon homologation of aryl iodides was written by Sui, Xianwei;Ding, Linlin;Gu, Zhenhua. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2016.Quality Control of Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol This article mentions the following:

A palladium/norbornene-catalyzed ortho-silylmethylation reaction using of (iodomethyl)cyclohexyloxydimethylsilane as the electrophile was reported. The ((cyclohexyloxy)dimethylsilyl)methyl group was readily oxidized using the Fleming-Tamao process or by ceric ammonium nitrate to give benzylic alc. derivatives This method was successfully applied in a concise synthesis of a biaryl analog of schisandrins. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol (cas: 69393-72-2Quality Control of Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol).

Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol (cas: 69393-72-2) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Quality Control of Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Degradation of fenitrothion in forest soil and effects on forest soil microbes was written by Spillner, Charles J.;DeBaun, Jack R.;Menn, Julius J.. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 1979.Product Details of 60463-12-9 This article mentions the following:

Two forest soils were treated with ¹⁴C-ring-labeled fenitrothiony (I) [122-14-5] (7.4 ppm in wet soil) and held in a dark growth chamber at 30° for 50 days. Periodic sampling and anal. revealed that 50% degradation of I occurred in 3 days. The transient formation of 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol (MNP) [2581-34-2] and the formation of CO₂ and soil-bound ¹⁴C as terminal products were also established. Results were similar in both forest soils. After 50 days of incubation of the soils, the originally applied ¹⁴C was accounted for as I (3-6%), MNP (5-7%), 3-methyl-4-nitroanisole [5367-32-8] (4%), CO₂ (35%), and soil-bound ¹⁴C (48-50%). The bound ¹⁴C was associated mainly with humic acid and fulvic acid fractions. Minimal degradation occurred in sterilized soils, suggesting microbial activity was responsible for the observed degradation of I. Furthermore, the soil microflora were not qual. affected by I. From these studies I can be regarded as a readily degradable insecticide in forest soil which is not deleterious to the forest soil microflora. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9Product Details of 60463-12-9).

3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Product Details of 60463-12-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts