Month: January 2023

Electrophotocatalytic Si-H activation governed by polarity-matching effects was written by Jiang, Yangye;Xu, Kun;Zeng, Chengchu. And the article was included in CCS Chemistry in 2022.Related Products of 2216-51-5 This article mentions the following:

Trialkylsilanes are important building blocks in organic synthesis; however, their widespread use in redox chem. is limited by their high oxidation potentials and comparably high bond dissociation energies (BDEs) of Si-H and α-Si-C-H bonds (>92 kcal mol-1). Herein, we report a new strategy for Si-H bond homolysis enabled by the synergistic combination of electrooxidation, photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT), and radical-mediated hydrogen atom transfer (HAT). Governed by the polarity-matching effect, the HAT to electrophilic MeO· or [Cl-OHCH₃]· from the more hydridic Si-H instead of a C-H bond allows the selective generation of silyl radicals. This electrophotocatalytic protocol provides rapid access to Si-functionalized benzimidazo-fused isoquinolinones with broad functional-group compatibility. Mechanistic studies have shown that n-Bu4NCl is essential to the electrooxidation of CeCl₃ to form the Ce(IV) species. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5Related Products of 2216-51-5).

(1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Related Products of 2216-51-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Blue laser diode-initiated photosensitive resins for 3D printing was written by Cui, Ke-Jian;Zhu, Cai-Zhen;Zhang, Huan;Xuan, Qin;Zou, Wei-Zhi;Zhang, Zhi-Yan;Lin, Xue-Chun;Zhao, Ning;Xu, Jian. And the article was included in Journal of Materials Chemistry C: Materials for Optical and Electronic Devices in 2017.HPLC of Formula: 4074-88-8 This article mentions the following:

Herein, a promising application of blue LD-initiated photosensitive resins in 3D printing is developed. Compared with traditional UV 3D printing, a safer and inexpensive light source, higher polymerization efficiency, and more available precursors are presented. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8HPLC of Formula: 4074-88-8).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.HPLC of Formula: 4074-88-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Roles of the molecular weight of n-ethylene glycol diacrylates and UV irradiance on the mechanical properties at the gel point of acrylic acid based hydrogels was written by Magami, Saminu M.;Williams, Rhodri L.. And the article was included in Journal of Applied Polymer Science in 2019.Electric Literature of C10H14O5 This article mentions the following:

We investigated sol-gel transitions in acrylic acid based hydrogels with real time in situ photocrosslinking and Fourier transform mech. spectroscopy. Crosslinkable n-ethylene glycol diacrylate (EGDA) compounds with mol. weights (MWs) in the range 171-575 g/mol were used in standard solutions of known polyacrylamide. The mutation number (N_mu) was monitored in all of the experiments, such that N_mu was 0.3 or lower at all of the exptl. frequencies. During gelation, a frequency independence of tan δ was observed in all cases, such that the storage and loss moduli were scaled as about ωⁿ; this indicated the establishment of a sample spanning network in the hydrogels with the Winter-Chambon criteria. The relaxation exponents (ns) ranged from 0.35 to 0.81 when they were affected by both the MWs of the EGDAs and the UV irradiance. The stiffness of the critical gels steadily increased with increases in both the MWs of the EGDAs and the UV irradiance. The fractal dimensions decreased at the gel point with increasing MWs of the EGDAs, whereas it increased with an increase in the UV irradiance. An optimization tool (Design-Expert) was used to compare the effects and interactions of the reaction parameters on the gel-time characteristics of the critical gels and those of the fully formed hydrogels. A map (description) of the reaction parameters that can be used in the design of specific networks, particularly with values of n that are close to or equal to 0.5, is proposed. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47606. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Electric Literature of C10H14O5).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Electric Literature of C10H14O5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chemical profiling, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory and in silico modeling of Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Artemisia herba alba Asso. essential oils from Algeria was written by Amina, Benabdallah;Soumeya, Betina;Salim, Bouchentouf;Mahieddine, Boumendjel;Sakina, Bechkri;Chawki, Bensouici;Francesca, Nicoli;Marzia, Vergine;Carmine, Negro;Luigi, De Bellis. And the article was included in South African Journal of Botany in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol This article mentions the following:

In the current study, the chem. composition, antioxidant, α-glucosidase, α-amylase and cholinesterase inhibitory activities of wormwood and rosemary essential oils were investigated. In order to explain the interaction of chem. constituents with the enzymes, mol. docking tools were used. GC/MS analyses revealed that the main compounds of rosemary oil were eucalyptol (37.97%), followed by camphor (11.84%). Whereas β-copaene (16.22%), limonene (14.56%), eucalyptol (14.49%) and camphor (13.74%) represent the main compounds of wormwood oil. Moreover, antioxidant abilities assessed by DPPH radical scavenging, β-carotene bleaching inhibitory and ion chelating test showed that rosemary oil was more efficient than wormwood. Furthermore, rosemary oil exhibited even better results against cholinesterase inhibitory. However, wormwood oil was more effective for antidiabetic inhibitory enzymes. The theor. verification by mol. modeling revealed that linalool, terpinen-4-ol, eugenol Me ether and Τ-cadinol have the best binding affinity with studied enzymes. In conclusion, docking verification has shown a good affinity of some chem. compounds from rosemary more than wormwood with studied enzymes explaining the assessed biol. activities. Rosemary and wormwood exhibited interesting biol. activities that explain the traditional uses of these plants that could be further explored for food and pharmaceutical industries. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Application In Synthesis of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Application In Synthesis of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Study of the Glycerol Hydrogenolysis Reaction on Cu, Cu-Zn, and Cu-ZnO Clusters was written by Singh, Ram;Biswas, Prakash;Jha, Prateek K.. And the article was included in ACS Omega in 2022.Electric Literature of C3H8O2 This article mentions the following:

Quantum chem. calculations have been performed to access the efficacy of Cu-based catalysts in various mechanistic steps of the glycerol hydrogenolysis reaction. Calculations are first performed for reactants in the gas phase (noncatalyzed system) and reactants in the gas phase with a 3-atom Cu cluster (catalyzed system). We demonstrate that the glycerol to ethylene glycol conversion is preferred in the noncatalyzed system but glycerol conversion to 1,2-propanediol via the 2-acetol intermediate is preferred in the catalyzed system. We next analyze the adsorption energies of the reactant and product species involved in the glycerol to 1,2-PDO reaction on an 8-atom Cu cluster and Cu cluster doped with a Zn atom or a ZnO mol. Finally, we study the effects of Zn or ZnO doping on the activation barriers of the two steps of the glycerol to 1,2-PDO reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Electric Literature of C3H8O2).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Electric Literature of C3H8O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On-DNA Hydroalkylation to Introduce Diverse Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes and Abundant Alkyls via Halogen Atom Transfer was written by Yen-Pon, Expedite;Li, Longbo;Levitre, Guillaume;Majhi, Jadab;McClain, Edward J.;Voight, Eric A.;Crane, Erika A.;Molander, Gary A.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2022.Formula: C9H17NO3 This article mentions the following:

A Giese addition to install highly functionalized bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes (BCPs) using tricyclo[1.1.1.01,3]pentane (TCP) as a radical linchpin, as well as other diverse alkyl groups, on-DNA from the corresponding organohalides as non-stabilized radical precursors was reported. Telescoped procedures allow extension of the substrate pool by at least an order of magnitude to ubiquitous alcs. and carboxylic acids, allowing us to “upcycle” these abundant feedstocks to afford non-traditional libraries with different physicochem. properties for the small-mol. products (i.e., non-peptide libraries with acids). This approach is amenable to library production, as a DNA damage assessment revealed good PCR amplifiability and only 6% mutated sequences for a full-length DNA tag. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Boc-Azetidine-3-yl-methanol (cas: 142253-56-3Formula: C9H17NO3).

1-Boc-Azetidine-3-yl-methanol (cas: 142253-56-3) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Formula: C9H17NO3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Engineering an alcohol dehydrogenase with enhanced activity and stereoselectivity toward diaryl ketones: reduction of steric hindrance and change of the stereocontrol element was written by Wu, Kai;Yang, Zhijun;Meng, Xiangguo;Chen, Rong;Huang, Jiankun;Shao, Lei. And the article was included in Catalysis Science & Technology in 2020.SDS of cas: 120121-01-9 This article mentions the following:

Steric hindrance in the binding pocket of an alc. dehydrogenase (ADH) has a great impact on its activity and stereoselectivity simultaneously. Due to the subtle structural difference between two bulky Ph substituents, the asym. synthesis of diaryl alcs. by bioreduction of diaryl ketones is often hindered by the low activity and stereoselectivity of ADHs. To engineer an ADH with practical properties and to investigate the mol. mechanism behind the asym. biocatalysis of diaryl ketones, we engineered an ADH from Lactobacillus kefiri (LkADH) to asym. catalyze the reduction of 4-chlorodiphenylketones (CPPK), which are not catalyzed by the wild type (WT) enzyme. Mutants seq1-seq5 with gradually increased activity and stereoselectivity were obtained through iterative “shrinking mutagenesis.” The final mutant seq5 (Y190P/I144V/L199V/E145C/M206F) demonstrated the highest activity and excellent stereoselectivity of >99% ee. Mol. simulation analyses revealed that mutations may enhance the activity by eliminating steric hindrance, inducing a more open binding loop and constructing more noncovalent interactions. The pro-R pose of CPPK with a halogen bond formed a pre-reaction conformation more easily than the pro-S pose, resulting in the high ee of (R)-CPPO in seq5. Moreover, different halogen bonds formed due to the different positions of chlorine substituents, resulting in opposite substrate binding orientation and stereoselectivity. Therefore, the stereoselectivity of seq5 was inverted toward ortho- rather than para-chlorine substituted ketones. These results indicate that the stereocontrol element of LkADH was changed to recognize diaryl ketones after steric hindrance was eliminated. This study provides novel insights into the role of steric hindrance and noncovalent bonds in the determination of the activity and stereoselectivity of enzymes, and presents an approach producing key intermediates of chiral drugs with practical potential. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9SDS of cas: 120121-01-9).

(R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.SDS of cas: 120121-01-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Branched poly (trimethylphosphonium ethylacrylate-co-PEGA) by RAFT: alternative to cationic polyammoniums for nucleic acid complexation was written by Cook, Alexander B.;Peltier, Raoul;Barlow, Tammie R.;Tanaka, Joji;Burns, James A.;Perrier, Sebastien. And the article was included in Journal of Interdisciplinary Nanomedicine in 2018.SDS of cas: 4074-88-8 This article mentions the following:

Cationic and highly branched poly (trimethylphosphonium ethylacrylate-co-poly (ethylene glycol) acrylate) (p (TMPEA-co-PEGA)), and its ammonium equivalent, have been synthesized from post-polymerization modification of a poly (bromo ethylacrylate-co-poly (ethylene glycol) acrylate) (p (BEA-co-PEGA)) precursor polymer produced using reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization The cationic polymers were evaluated for their ability to complex nucleic acids, their in vitro cytotoxicity and their GFP pDNA transfection efficiency. The results show RAFT copolymerization of BEA and PEGA is a simple route to polyphosphoniums showing reduced cytotoxicities and higher transfection efficiencies than their polyammonium alternatives. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8SDS of cas: 4074-88-8).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.SDS of cas: 4074-88-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Reduction of acetophenone derivatives by Spirulina platensis and Nostoc minutum was written by Utsukihara, Takamitsu;Koshimura, Masahiro;Abe, Chika;Matsumiya, Takuya;Horiuchi, C. Akira. And the article was included in BioChemistry: An Indian Journal in 2014.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

The reduction of acetophenone derivatives using Spirulina platensis and Nostoc minutum was investigated. It was found that acetophenone derivatives were reduced with good enantioselectivity. The reduction followed Prelog’s rule, giving the (S)-alcs. in all cases. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Orthogonal Stability and Reactivity of Aryl Germanes Enables Rapid and Selective (Multi)Halogenations was written by Fricke, Christoph;Deckers, Kristina;Schoenebeck, Franziska. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2020.Recommanded Product: 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane This article mentions the following:

While halogenation is of key importance in synthesis and radio-imaging, the currently available repertoire is largely designed to introduce a single halogen per mol. This report makes the selective introduction of several different halogens accessible. Showcased here is the privileged stability of nontoxic aryl germanes under harsh fluorination conditions (that allow selective fluorination in their presence), while displaying superior reactivity and functional-group tolerance in electrophilic iodinations and brominations, out-competing silanes or boronic esters under rapid and additive-free conditions. Mechanistic experiments and computational studies suggest a concerted electrophilic aromatic substitution as the underlying mechanism. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Recommanded Product: 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Recommanded Product: 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts