Month: January 2023

Ternary-like Aqueous Biphasic Systems Composed of Betaine-Polyol Deep Eutectic Solvents and n-Propanol was written by Li, Huijuan;Qiu, Shunguo;Chen, Li;Fan, Taotao;Peng, Xiong;Yan, Zongcheng. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data in 2022.Product Details of 149-32-6 This article mentions the following:

A deep eutectic solvent (DES)-based aqueous biphasic system (ABS) denotes a clean and highly biocompatible separation and purification technol., but the explanations of the phase formation mechanism and phase behavior of a DES-based ABS are incomplete. To improve the study of the formation mechanism of a DES-based ABS, a new ABS composed of n-propanol (NPA) and DES with betaine as the hydrogen-bond acceptor (HBA) and polyol as the hydrogen-bond donor (HBD) was formed. The phase formation mechanism of this new ABS and the stability of the DES in the ABS were studied. Betaine and three polyols are hydrophilic (log K_OW < 0), whereas NPA is relatively hydrophobic (log K_OW > 0). Two phases were formed, because the two components of DES were incompatible with the NPA. The molar ratio of the HBA and HBD in the two phases differed, but in the bottom phase of this ABS, the stoichiometric ratio of HBA and HBD was the same as their initial ratio. Under certain conditions, this novel ABS was considered a ternary-like system. The combination of a series of factors, such as HBD hydrophilicity, molar volume, mol. weight, and initial molar ratio of HBA and HBD, affected the final stoichiometric ratio of HBA and HBD in the top phase. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Product Details of 149-32-6).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Product Details of 149-32-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

One-Pot O₂-Oxidation and the Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons Reaction of Primary Alcohols for the Synthesis of (Z)-α,β-Unsaturated Esters was written by Ando, Kaori;Takaba, Chika;Kodama, Masahiro. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.Name: (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

Authors developed one-pot oxidation/olefination procedures of primary alcs. giving Z-α,β-unsaturated esters. TEMPO-(CuCl or CuBr₂)-(2,2′-bipyridine) (1:1:1) catalyzed O₂ oxidation of primary alcs. in the presence of Z-selective Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reagent and K₃PO₄ or NaH gave Z-α,β-unsaturated esters with Z/E = 84:16 to 96:4 in high yields. A stepwise reaction was also developed. After TEMPO-CuBr₂-(2,2′-bipyridine)-K₃PO₄ (1:1:1:1) catalyzed O₂ oxidation of alcs. in MeCN, the resulting mixture was treated with a THF solution of Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reagent and t-BuOK at -78°C to 0°C, giving Z-α,β-unsaturated esters with higher selectivity (Z/E = 91:9 to 99:1). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7Name: (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol).

(4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Name: (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Molecular encapsulation and bioactivity of gnetol, a resveratrol analogue, for use in foods was written by Navarro-Orcajada, Silvia;Conesa, Irene;Matencio, Adrian;Garcia-Carmona, Francisco;Lopez-Nicolas, Jose Manuel. And the article was included in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture in 2022.Reference of 10083-24-6 This article mentions the following:

Gnetol is a stilbene whose characterization and bioactivity have been poorly studied. It shares some bioactivities with its analog resveratrol, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, cardioprotective and anti-cancer activities. However, the low solubility of stilbenes may limit their potential applications in functional foods. Encapsulation in cyclodextrins could be a solution The antioxidant activity of gnetol was evaluated by 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation and ferric reducing antioxidant power methods (Trolox equivalent 13.48 μmol L^-1 and 37.08 μmol L^-1 resp. at the highest concentration) and it was higher than that of resveratrol, and depending on the method, similar or higher to that of oxyresveratrol. Spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric characterization of gnetol is published for the first time. Moreover, its water solubility was determined and improved almost threefold after its mol. encapsulation in cyclodextrins, as well as its stability after storage for a week. A physicochem. and computational study revealed that cyclodextrins complex gnetol in a 1:1 stoichiometry, with better affinity for like 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (KF = 4542.90 ± 227.15 mol^-1 L). Temperature and pH affected the encapsulation constants These results could increase interest of gnetol as an alternative to the most studied stilbene, resveratrol, as well as aid in the development of more stable inclusion complexes that improve its aqueous solubility and stability so that it can be incorporated into functional foods. 2022 Society of Chem. Industry. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Reference of 10083-24-6).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Reference of 10083-24-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ultrasonic-assisted extraction of carotenoids using cottonseed oil: Optimization, physicochemical properties, and flavor studies was written by Han, Jiajia;Jia, Wenting;Wan, Yilai;Sun, Xuelian;Liang, Muhan;Wei, Changqing;Liu, Wenyu. And the article was included in Journal of Food Composition and Analysis in 2022.Product Details of 3391-86-4 This article mentions the following:

Vegetable oils are ideal alternative solvents for extracting fat-soluble substances. Here, response surface methodol., conventional anal., and headspace-gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry were used to evaluate the effect of an extraction process on the carotenoid yield, changes in physicochem. parameters, and flavor quality of cottonseed oil (CSO). An optimal carotenoid recovery rate of 80.3% was obtained when the ultrasonic power was 213 W, the extraction time was 36.0 min, and the temperature was 44.6°C. Although acid (0.25 mg KOH/g), peroxide (9.90 meq/kg), and p-anisidine (0.11) values of carotenoid-enriched cottonseed oil (CECSO) increased relative to the corresponding values for CSO, its 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, carotenoid and total phenolic content also increased, reaching 64.2%, 49.1μg/mL, and 320 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100 g oil, resp. Addnl., 14 compounds, including nine aldehydes (84.7-103μg/g), three alcs. (9.41-10.8μg/g),one acid (0.37-1.24μg/g), and one heterocycle (4.19-5.32μg/g), were identified as characteristic compounds in CSO and CECSO. Further, significant differences between the two types of oils were observed in aroma-related substances . This study provides a reference for the application of carotenoid-enriched cottonseed oil in food, health products and cosmetics. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4Product Details of 3391-86-4).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Product Details of 3391-86-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Cooperativity between the Substrate and Ligand in Palladium-Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation Using 1-Aryl-1-propynes was written by Gupta, Aniket;Saha, Anusuya;Rahaman, Ajijur;Kumar, Jogendra;Suresh, Eringathodi;Ganguly, Bishwajit;Bhadra, Sukalyan. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

A monoprotected amino acid Bz-Gly-OH assists in the allylic alkylation of a variety of ketones, β-keto esters, aldehydes, etc., during enamine-palladium catalysis to gave alkylated products such as R¹C(O)CHR²CH₂CH=CHAr [R¹ = Me, Et, n-Pr; R² = Et, C(O)OMe, C(O)OEt, C(O)OBn, etc.; R¹R² = (CH₂)₃, (CH₂)₄, (CH₂)₅, etc.]. D. functional theory calculations revealed that Bz-Gly-OH assisted in the formation of an enamine that attacks the π-allylpalladium complex via an outer sphere mechanism. The preliminary result pointed to an asym. allylic alkylation under a new mode of bifunctional catalysis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

(1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Facile Synthesis of Hybrid Core-Shell Nanospheres for the Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Aromatic Ketones was written by Wei, Juan;Zhang, Xiaomin;Zhang, Xiaoming;Zhao, Yaopeng;Li, Ruixiang;Yang, Qihua. And the article was included in ChemCatChem in 2014.Formula: C8H9FO This article mentions the following:

The polymer-inorganic hybrid core-shell nanospheres with N-(para-toluenesulfonyl)-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine in the core and the poly(Me acrylate) (PMA) polymer in the shell were prepared by using a sol-gel process. The surface properties of solid catalysts were modified by controlling PMA and the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide surfactant in the shell. The water contact angle results suggest that the presence of PMA and cn the shell increases the surface hydrophobicity. In the Rh-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones in aqueous HCOONa, the solid catalyst with higher surface hydrophobicity demonstrates higher activity, which suggests that suitable surface properties increase the reaction rate by increasing the diffusion rates of hydrophobic substrates. Furthermore, this heterogeneous catalyst can be reused conveniently without loss of ee values. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4Formula: C8H9FO).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Formula: C8H9FO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Discovery of novel hydantoins as selective non-hydroxamate inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α converting enzyme (TACE) was written by Sheppeck, James E.;Gilmore, John L.;Yang, Anle;Chen, Xiao-Tao;Xue, Chu-Biao;Roderick, John;Liu, Rui-Qin;Covington, Maryanne B.;Decicco, Carl P.;Duan, James J.-W.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2007.Related Products of 121282-70-0 This article mentions the following:

A series of hydantoins, e.g., I, was designed and synthesized as structural alternatives to hydroxamate inhibitors of TACE. 5-Mono- and di-substituted hydantoins exhibited activity with IC₅₀ values of 11-60 nM against porcine TACE in vitro and excellent selectivity against other MMPs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (trans-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 121282-70-0Related Products of 121282-70-0).

tert-Butyl (trans-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 121282-70-0) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Related Products of 121282-70-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Impacts of Aegle marmelos fruit extract as a medicinal herb on growth performance, antioxidant and immune responses, digestive enzymes, and disease resistance against Streptococcus agalactiae in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was written by Wangkahart, Eakapol;Wachiraamonloed, Suriyet;Lee, Po-Tsang;Subramani, Parasuraman Aiya;Qi, Zhitao;Wang, Bei. And the article was included in Fish & Shellfish Immunology in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 137-08-6 This article mentions the following:

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Aegle marmelos fruit (AMF) extract on the growth performance, biochem. parameters, immune response, antioxidative capacity, and digestive enzyme activity of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish were fed a diet supplemented with AMF at concentrations of 0 (AMF0; control), 5 (AMF5), 10 (AMF10), 15 (AMF15), or 20 (AMF20) g/kg for 8 wk. The results show that the final body weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio were significantly higher in fish fed AMF15 and AMF20 compared to those fed the control diet (P < 0.05). Moreover, significant increases in antioxidant enzyme activities and non-specific immune responses were observed in groups fed AMF15 and AMF20. Interestingly, the level of cholesterol decreased with increasing AMF concentrations in the diet. As dietary AMF levels increased, digestive enzyme activities significantly improved. After the feeding trial, fish were injected i.p. with Streptococcus agalactiae, and the 14-day cumulative mortality was calculated A high survival rate after challenge with S. agalactiae was observed in all groups that received AMF-supplemented feed. Therefore, the present study suggests that supplementing the diet of Nile tilapia with AMF at a concentration of 20 g/kg could encourage their growth, improve their immunity and antioxidant status, and provide strong protection against S. agalactiae. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6HPLC of Formula: 137-08-6).

Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.HPLC of Formula: 137-08-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effect of the cold pre-fermentative maceration and aging on lees times on the phenolic compound profile, antioxidant capacity and color of red sparkling wines was written by Barros, Ana Paula Andre;Silva, Islaine Santos;Correa, Luiz Claudio;Biasoto, Aline Camarao Telles. And the article was included in Journal of Food Science and Technology (New Delhi, India) in 2022.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

This was the first study evaluating the impact of cold pre-fermentative maceration using refrigeration on the nutraceutical quality and color of red sparkling wines elaborated with the cultivar Syrah, and the evolution of these variables with different autolysis times. The sparkling wines were elaborated using the traditional method with different maceration times (NM, 24 and 72 h) and aging on lees (3 and 18 mo of autolysis). In the sequence, it was conducted the characterization of the phenolic compound profile by HPLC-DAD (n = 21), the antioxidant capacity (ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays), and the color (CIELab and CIEL*C*h systems). The total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity (AOX) were higher with longer maceration (M72) and autolysis (18 mo) times, reaching 453.54 mg L-1 of TPC, and AOX above 2.11 mmol TEAC L-1 by the three in vitro assays conducted. Cis-resveratrol, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-β-D-glucoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, and petunidin-3-O-glucoside showed a good correlation (r > 0.8; P < 0.05) with the antioxidant capacity and were found in higher concentrations in the sparkling wines elaborated with maceration. In addition, maceration promoted a more intense red (a*) and saturated (C*) color. Thus, the results indicated that cold pre-fermentative maceration and autolysis pos. influenced the bioactive potential and the color of the red sparkling wines. This practice should be better explored through the elaboration of this product. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

New C₂-symmetric chiral phosphinite ligands based on amino alcohol scaffolds and their use in the ruthenium-catalysed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones was written by Durap, Feyyaz;Aydemir, Murat;Elma, Duygu;Baysal, Akin;Turgut, Yilmaz. And the article was included in Comptes Rendus Chimie in 2013.SDS of cas: 5856-63-3 This article mentions the following:

Asym. transfer hydrogenation processes of ketones with chiral mol. catalysts are attracting increasing interest from synthetic chemists due to their operational simplicity. C₂-sym. catalysts have also received much attention and been used in many reactions. A series of new chiral C₂-sym. bis(phosphinite) ligands has been prepared from corresponding amino acid derived amino alcs. or (R)-2-amino-1-butanol through a three- or four-step procedure. Their structures have been elucidated by a combination of multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy and elemental anal. ¹H-³¹P NMR, DEPT, ¹H-¹³C HETCOR or ¹H-¹H COSY correlation experiments were used to confirm the spectral assignments. In situ prepared ruthenium catalytic systems were successfully applied to ruthenium-catalyzed asym. transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone derivatives by iso-PrOH. Under optimized conditions, these chiral ruthenium catalyst systems serve as catalyst precursors for the asym. transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone derivatives in iso-PrOH and act as good catalysts, giving the corresponding optical secondary alcs. in 99% yield and up to 79% ee. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3SDS of cas: 5856-63-3).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.SDS of cas: 5856-63-3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts