Month: January 2023

Rapid determination of enantiomeric excess using infrared thermography was written by Millot, Nicolas;Borman, Phil;Anson, Mike S.;Campbell, Ian B.;Macdonald, Simon J. F.;Mahmoudian, Mahmoud. And the article was included in Organic Process Research & Development in 2002.Related Products of 120121-01-9 This article mentions the following:

IR thermog. (IRT) is presented as a novel technique to screen a potentially large number of asym. catalysts or substrates in a high-throughput fashion. IRT was used as a simple, rapid, and practical approach for initial screening of the substrate specificity of Candida antarctica lipase. This was carried out using a 96-well microtiter plate format. Potential advantages and limitations of IRT for the enzymic stereoselective acylation of primary and secondary alcs. of interest are discussed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9Related Products of 120121-01-9).

(R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Related Products of 120121-01-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A Triple Photoredox/Cobalt/Bronsted Acid Catalysis Enabling Markovnikov Hydroalkoxylation of Unactivated Alkenes was written by Nakagawa, Masanari;Matsuki, Yuki;Nagao, Kazunori;Ohmiya, Hirohisa. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2022.COA of Formula: C10H20O This article mentions the following:

Authors demonstrate Markovnikov hydroalkoxylation of unactivated alkenes using alcs. through a triple catalysis consisting of photoredox, cobalt, and Bronsted acid catalysts under visible light irradiation The triple catalysis realizes three key elementary steps in a single catalytic cycle: (1) Co(III) hydride generation by photochem. reduction of Co(II) followed by protonation, (2) metal hydride hydrogen atom transfer (MHAT) of alkenes by Co(III) hydride, and (3) oxidation of the alkyl Co(III) complex to alkyl Co(IV). The precise control of protons and electrons by the three catalysts allows the elimination of strong acids and external reductants/oxidants that are required in the conventional methods. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5COA of Formula: C10H20O).

(1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.COA of Formula: C10H20O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Poly(arylisocyanides) as Versatile, Enantiodiscriminating Alignment Media for Small Molecules was written by Wesp, Svenja;Wolf, Kai;Immel, Stefan;Reggelin, Michael. And the article was included in ChemPlusChem in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 2216-51-5 This article mentions the following:

Lyotropic liquid crystalline (LLC) phases of amino acid derived polyarylisocyanides were employed as chiral alignment media for the measurement of residual dipolar couplings (RDCs) of small chiral organic mols. Anisotropic samples in CDCl₃ displayed quadrupolar splittings of the deuterium signal in the range of several hundreds of Hertz. The LLC phases showed excellent orienting properties for a broad range of analytes bearing various functional groups. The precise extraction of RDCs in the range of up to ±40 Hz from F2-coupled HSQC spectra was possible. Addnl., the chiral environment offers the opportunity for diastereomorphous interactions with the enantiomers of chiral analytes leading to two different sets of RDCs. This differential order effect was particularly pronounced with ketones and alcs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5HPLC of Formula: 2216-51-5).

(1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.HPLC of Formula: 2216-51-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of CaO-based sorbents through incorporation of alumina/aluminate and their CO₂ capture performance was written by Zhou, Zhiming;Qi, Yang;Xie, Miaomiao;Cheng, Zhenmin;Yuan, Weikang. And the article was included in Chemical Engineering Science in 2012.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

CaO-based CO₂ sorbents derived from various Ca and Al precursors were synthesized using a wet mixing method and characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric anal. (TGA), and N₂ adsorption/desorption. As-synthesized sorbents consisted of active CaO and inert support materials which could be Al₂O₃, Ca₁₂Al₁₄O₃₃, or Ca₉Al₆O₁₈, depending on their Ca and Al precursors used during synthesis. A formation mechanism for inert support materials is proposed. Compared to pure CaO, most synthetic CaO-based sorbents exhibited much higher CO₂ capture capability and stability over multiple carbonation/calcination cycles. This was ascribed to the relatively high sp. surface area of the sorbents, their bimodal pore size distribution with a fair number of small pores, and the inert support material which could effectively prevent or delay CaO particle sintering. Among the synthetic sorbents, CaO-Ca₉Al₆O₁₈, with an 80 weight percent CaO content derived from calcium citrate and aluminum nitrate exhibited the best CO₂ capture performance, and is expected to be used for the sorption-enhanced steam CH₄ reforming process. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ni-Catalyzed Formal Cross-Electrophile Coupling of Alcohols with Aryl Halides was written by Lin, Quan;Ma, Guobin;Gong, Hegui. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2021.Name: (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

A strategy building upon in-situ halogenation/reductive coupling of alcs. with aryl halides to forge Csp²-Csp³ bonds was demonstrated. The combination of 2-chloro-3-ethylbenzo[d]oxazol-3-ium salt (CEBO) and TBAB as the mild bromination reagents enabled rapid transformation of a wide range of alcs. to their bromide counterparts within one to 5 min in CH₃CN and DMF, which was compatible with the Ni-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling conditions in the presence of a chem. reductant. The method is suitable for arylation of a myriad of structurally complex alcs. with no need for prepreparation of alkyl halides. More importantly, the mild and kinetically rapid bromination process showed good selectivity in the bromination/arylation of sym. diols and less sterically hindered hydroxyl groups in polyols, thus offering promise for selective functionalization of diols and polyols without laborious protecting/deprotecting operations. The practicality of this work was also evident in the arylation of a number of carbohydrates, drug compounds, and naturally occurring alcs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Name: (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Name: (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of new heteroleptic strontium complexes stabilized by β-ketoiminato ligands was written by George, Sheby Mary;Kim, Hyo-Suk;Park, Bo Keun;Kim, Chang Gyoun;Chung, Taek-Mo. And the article was included in Inorganica Chimica Acta in 2015.Safety of 1-(Dimethylamino)-2-methylpropan-2-ol This article mentions the following:

Heteroleptic strontium complexes stabilized by amine functionalized tridentate β-ketoiminato ligands in combination with bis(trimethylsilyl)amide [Sr(btsa)(L¹)]₂ (1) and [Sr(btsa)(L²)]₂ (2) and stabilized by β-ketoiminato and aminoalkoxy ligands [Sr(dmamp)(L¹)]₂ (3) were synthesized and characterized. All the complexes formed as dimers where the strontium metal centers were connected by a pair of μ₂-O bridging. In 1 and 2 the β-ketoiminato oxygen bridges the metal centers, leaving the complex in a highly strained state bearing a pentacoordinate strontium. The introduction of aminoalkoxy ligand (dmamp) to 1 gave complex 3, where the aminoalkoxy oxygen assumed the bridging role and allowed β-ketoiminato ligands to attain a more relaxed planar state for its ketoimine backbone and a stable hexacoordinate metal center. All the complexes were characterized using FTIR, FT-NMR, elemental analyses, and single crystal x-ray crystallog. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Dimethylamino)-2-methylpropan-2-ol (cas: 14123-48-9Safety of 1-(Dimethylamino)-2-methylpropan-2-ol).

1-(Dimethylamino)-2-methylpropan-2-ol (cas: 14123-48-9) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Safety of 1-(Dimethylamino)-2-methylpropan-2-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Deep eutectic solvents and conventional solvents as VOC absorbents for biogas upgrading: A comparative study was written by Villarim, Pedro;Genty, Eric;Zemmouri, Jaouad;Fourmentin, Sophie. And the article was included in Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) in 2022.COA of Formula: C3H8O2 This article mentions the following:

We are currently witnessing an increase in biogas production in the context of fossil fuel decline and the future circular economy. However, raw biogas contains undesirable compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbon dioxide that should be removed to upgrade biogas to biomethane. Absorption is an effective method to capture undesirable compounds from biogas. In this work, we evaluated and compared the efficiency of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) based on fatty acids and conventional absorbents for the absorption of three major VOCs found as impurities in biogas (toluene, limonene and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane). The vapor-liquid partition coefficient (K) of the VOCs in the studied solvents were determined using static headspace-gas chromatog. The effect of temperature and water content was assessed. Results show a decrease of K value in all solvents compared to water, hydrophobic DESs being the most effective solvents with an up to 20000-fold lower K value in the case of limonene. Interestingly, lowering temperature allows the conventional solvents to reach absorption efficiency close to DESs. Neg. values of ΔG (from -6.95 to -22.89 kJ·mol^-1) were obtained showing that all VOCs are favorably solubilized in absorbents. Obtained neg. ΔH values (from -34.86 to -51.17 kJ·mol^-1) indicate that the dissolution of VOCs is an exothermic process. For all studied absorbent the |ΔH| of VOC absorption is always higher than |TΔS|, showing an enthalpically driven process. The obtained results indicate that efficient VOC absorption can be achieved by the proposed hydrophobic DESs and conventional solvent also providing easy recycling, and recovering process. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6COA of Formula: C3H8O2).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.COA of Formula: C3H8O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Crystallization kinetics of calcium lactate in a mixed-suspension-mixed-product removal crystallizer was written by Chemaly, Z.;Muhr, H.;Fick, M.. And the article was included in Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research in 1999.Recommanded Product: Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate This article mentions the following:

Continuous crystallization of calcium lactate pentahydrate was investigated in a mixed-suspension-mixed-product removal crystallizer. Wide ranges of the mean residence time, relative supersaturation, and magma d. were covered (40-215 min, 0.01-1.12, and 2-65 kg/m³, resp.). Crystal growth was found to be dependent on crystal size. The Abegg, Stevens, and Larson model and the Mydlarz and Jones model were tested for the determination of the kinetics parameters from exptl. results. Zero-size and larger size crystal growth rate values were found to be on the order of 10^-13 and 10^-8 m/s, resp. A first-order growth kinetics resulted for both large and small crystals. Nucleation rate values were very high (≈10¹³-10¹⁵ number/m³·s). Nucleation kinetics could not be described by a unique power law equation because two different nucleation mechanisms appeared to control crystallization at low and high residence times, resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5Recommanded Product: Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate).

Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Recommanded Product: Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Dietary gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) supplementation increases food intake, influences the expression of feeding-related genes and improves digestion and growth of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) was written by Zhang, Cong;Wang, Xiaodan;Su, Ruiying;He, Jiaqi;Liu, Shubin;Huang, Qincheng;Qin, Chuanjie;Zhang, Meiling;Qin, Jianguang;Chen, Liqiao. And the article was included in Aquaculture in 2022.Related Products of 137-08-6 This article mentions the following:

Animal growth performance is determined by food intake, digestion and nutrient absorption and the complex central and peripheral nerves may regulate the quantity of food intake. This study evaluates the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) supplements in purified diets on the growth performance, food intake and digestive ability of juvenile Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis, and the possible mechanism of neuromodulation. A total of 1200 juvenile crabs (0.77 ± 0.02 g) were fed with six diets supplemented with graded GABA levels (0, 40, 80, 160, 320 and 640 mg/kg dry matter) for 8 wk. Each diet group had five replicates, and each replicate had 40 crabs in a tank (100 x 80 x 60 cm). The weight gain, specific growth rate, molting frequency, and the activities of digestion (α-amylase, trypsin and lipase) and absorption (Na+-K+-ATPase and γ- glutamyl transferase) enzymes were significantly increased by moderate dietary GABA supplementation compared with the 0 mg/kg GABA supplementation group. Furthermore, the food intake of juvenile E. sinensis was significantly increased with moderate dietary GABA supplementation compared with the 0 mg/kg GABA supplementation group. The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of the orexigenic neural signal-related genes was significantly up-regulated, and the anorexigenic neural signal-related genes were significantly down-regulated in the cranial ganglia, thoracic ganglia and intestine tissues. Meanwhile, the expressions of the main genes involved in taste modulation and reward regulation were significantly up-regulated, whereas the expression of genes related to punishment regulation was significantly down-regulated in cranial ganglia and thoracic ganglia. Two-slope broken-line regression anal. of specific growth rate and weight gain against the dietary GABA levels showed that dietary GABA at the optimal dietary level was 84-89 mg/kg, and this level can improve growth performance, food intake, digestion and absorption in juvenile E. sinensis. GABA might act as an orexigenic neural signal or work with other appetite-related nerve signals to promote food intake by participating in regulating the satiety circuit and the reward circuit. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6Related Products of 137-08-6).

Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Related Products of 137-08-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Easy Scale-Up Synthesis of Mo₈O₂₆(C₅H₆N)₄.H₂O Hybrid with a Rectangular Prism Morphology and Its Application as an Efficient and Highly Recyclable Bi-functional Catalyst for Knoevenagel Condensations was written by Feghhi, Aliyeh;Malakooti, Reihaneh;Malakooti, Sadeq;Hooshmand, Nasrin. And the article was included in ChemistrySelect in 2019.Electric Literature of C7H6Cl2O This article mentions the following:

The Mo₈O₂₆(C₅H₆N)₄.H₂O hybrid with rectangular prism morphol. was synthesized via a simple wet chem. method at room temperature in water. The as-synthesized product was characterized by different methods, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), SEM (SEM), thermogravimetric anal. (TGA), Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, N₂-adsorption/desorption and elemental anal. The Mo₈O₂₆(C₅H₆N)₄.H₂O hybrid catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation reaction as a bi-functional catalyst. Moreover, the molybdenum (VI) site in this hybrid catalyzed selective oxidation of alcs. in the presence of mol. oxygen (O₂) as oxidant. The reaction of malononitrile with various aromatic aldehydes was carried out in aqueous media under mild temperature in the presence of no extra base or acid. On the other hand, the oxidation of alcs. with mol. oxygen progressed via a reusable heterogeneous system in a mild temperature The reused catalysts from both systems were identified by XRD, FT-IR, SEM and elemental anal. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8Electric Literature of C7H6Cl2O).

(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Electric Literature of C7H6Cl2O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts