Month: January 2023

Ancestral chemotypes of cultivated grapevine with resistance to Botryosphaeriaceae-related dieback allocate metabolism towards bioactive stilbenes was written by Khattab, Islam M.;Sahi, Vaidurya P.;Baltenweck, Raymonde;Maia-Grondard, Alessandra;Hugueney, Philippe;Bieler, Eva;Duerrenberger, Markus;Riemann, Michael;Nick, Peter. And the article was included in New Phytologist in 2021.Reference of 10083-24-6 This article mentions the following:

Summary : Grapevine trunk diseases have devastating consequences on vineyards worldwide. European wild grapevines (Vitis vinifera subs. sylvestris) from the last viable population in Germany along the Rhine river showed variable degrees of resistance against Neofusicoccum parvum (strain Bt-67), a fungus associated with Botryosphaeriaceae-related dieback. Representative genotypes from different subclades of this population were mapped with respect to their ability to induce wood necrosis, as well as their defense responses in a controlled inoculation system. The difference in colonization patterns could be confirmed by cryo-SEM, while there was no relationship between vessel diameter and infection success. Resistant lines accumulated more stilbenes, that were in addition significantly partitioned to nonglycosylated viniferin trimers. By contrast, the susceptible genotypes accumulated less stilbenes with a significantly higher proportion of glycosylated piceid. We suggest a model in which in the resistant genotypes phenylpropanoid metabolism is channelled rapidly and specifically to the bioactive stilbenes. Our study specifies a resistant chemotype against grapevines trunk diseases and paves a way to breed for resistance against grapevine Botryosphaeriaceae-related dieback. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Reference of 10083-24-6).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Reference of 10083-24-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

An innovative synthesis of MoO3/Ag nanocomposite and catalytic application of immobilized molybdenum complex on cellulose extracting from Carthamus tinctorius was written by Sedri, Asma;Naeimi, Atena;Mohammadi, Sayed Zia. And the article was included in Carbohydrate Polymers in 2018.Computed Properties of C7H6Cl2O This article mentions the following:

Extracted microcrystalline cellulose from Carthamus tinctorius plant was oxidized by sodium metaperiodate and a novel molybdenum schiff base complex was supported on this natural cellulose (MoSMC@MC). Then, micro biopolymer silver/ immobilized molybenum complex on natural cellulose (Ag/MoSMC@MC) was synthesized at the presence of Sesbania sesba plant and charaterized by SEM, FT-IR, TGA, and EDAX. The catalytic efficiency of Ag/MoSMC@MC was exploited as a heterogenous bio-catalyst in the selective oxidation of alcs. The reactions were conducted using catalytic amounts of Ag/MoSMC@MC and t-BuOOH under solvent free conidtion to obtain desired aldehydes and ketones in high yields and excellent selectivity. Long-term stability and reproducibility in consecutive runs were feature of this microcomposite. At second part of this work, a novel strategy was reported to obtain green nanocomposites. Herein, addition of silver nitrate to plant solution led to the decomposition of the organic to inorganic polymer. As results, MoO₃/Ag nanocomposite was prepared and its characteristics were investigated using TEM, and XRD to confirm the shape and structure. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8Computed Properties of C7H6Cl2O).

(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Computed Properties of C7H6Cl2O

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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Organocatalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Bicyclo[2.2.2]octenones via Oxaziridinium Catalysed ortho-Hydroxylative Phenol Dearomatization was written by D’Arcy, Tom D.;Elsegood, Mark R. J.;Buckley, Benjamin R.. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2022.Related Products of 499-75-2 This article mentions the following:

Hydroxylative dearomatization reactions of phenols (HPD) offer an efficient way to assemble complex, biol. relevant scaffolds. Despite this, enantioselective hydroxylative phenol dearomatizations for the construction of bicyclo[2.2.2]octenones are classically limited to stoichiometric chiral reagents, and a practical, enantioselective catalytic method has remained elusive. Herein, authors describe a highly enantioselective, organocatalytic tandem o-HPD-[4+2] reaction. Authors methodol. utilizes a chiral oxaziridinium organocatalyst, that is available in both enantiomeric forms, to afford dearomatized products in high enantioselectivity over a range of phenol substitution patterns. This approach was applied to the highly enantioselective synthesis of (+)-biscarvacrol (99 : 1 e.r.) and (-)-bis(2,6-xylenol) (94 : 6 e.r.). The practicality of authors conditions was demonstrated at gram-scale, using an amine precatalyst, accessible in a single synthetic step. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Related Products of 499-75-2).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Related Products of 499-75-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Multicolor Mechanofluorophores for the Quantitative Detection of Covalent Bond Scission in Polymers was written by Baumann, Christoph;Stratigaki, Maria;Centeno, Silvia P.;Goestl, Robert. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2021.Quality Control of ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) This article mentions the following:

The fracture of polymer materials is a multiscale process starting with the scission of a single mol. bond advancing to a site of failure within the bulk. Quantifying the bonds broken during this process remains a big challenge yet would help to understand the distribution and dissipation of macroscopic mech. energy. We here show the design and synthesis of fluorogenic mol. optical force probes (mechanofluorophores) covering the entire visible spectrum in both absorption and emission. Their dual fluorescent character allows to track non-broken and broken bonds in dissolved and bulk polymers by fluorescence spectroscopy and microscopy. Importantly, we develop an approach to determine the absolute number and relative fraction of intact and cleaved bonds with high local resolution We anticipate that our mechanofluorophores in combination with our quantification methodol. will allow to quant. describe fracture processes in materials ranging from soft hydrogels to high-performance polymers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1Quality Control of ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate)).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Quality Control of ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate)

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Novel polymeric photoinitiators with side-chain benzophenone: Facile synthesis and photopolymerization properties without coinitiator was written by Wang, Kemin;Yang, Kun;Yu, Qiang. And the article was included in Progress in Organic Coatings in 2014.Application In Synthesis of ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) This article mentions the following:

A novel polymeric photoinitiator, poly(glycidyl benzophenone ether) (PGBE), with a side-chain benzophenone (BP) group was synthesized from poly(epichlorohydrin) and 4-hydroxybenzophenone. The structure of PGBE was characterized by IR and ¹H NMR. The light absorption of PGBE was detected by UV spectrophotometer with the maximum absorption wavelength at 283 nm in acetonitrile solvent, which were red-shifted compared with BP. The obvious advantage of this initiator was the elimination of amine based hydrogen donors and to provide alternative hydrogen donors with easy availability and non-toxicity. The photopolymerizations of tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA) and trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) initiated by PGBE and BP/EDAB were studied by real-time FT-IR. The polymeric initiator was found to have higher efficiency than BP/EDAB. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1Application In Synthesis of ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate)).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Application In Synthesis of ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate)

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Derivatives of Amino Alcohols. I. Esters or Derivatives Acylated at the Oxygen was written by Fourneau, E.. And the article was included in Journal de Pharmacie et de Chimie in 1911.COA of Formula: C6H15NO This article mentions the following:

The esters of amino alcs. were prepared by mixing C₆H₆ solutions of the alcs. and the acid chlorides or bromides; the ester salts crystallize out almost immediately. With certain amino alcs. like diethylamino alcohol it was necessary to use no solvent in order to obtain the benzoate. Amino alcs. in which both functions are tertiary form esters with ClCO₂Et, as with other acid chlorides, differing thus from the simple tertiary alcs. In this case the tertiary NH₂ acts like pyridine in acylation. The amino alc. esters are nearly odorless liquids, which are more easily hydrolyzed by strong mineral acids than by alkalies. Derivatives of dimethylaminotrimethylcarbinol, Me₂NCH₂CMe₂OH: Benzoate hydrochloride, cubes, m. 202° cinnamate hydrochloride, large plates, m. 208°, isovalerate hydrochloride, hygroscopic, unctuous leaflets, m. 125°. Derivatives of dimethylaminodimethylethylcarbinol: Benzoate, syrupy liquid, b₁₃ 150°, benzoate hydrochloride is stovaine, diethylcarbamate derivative, Me₂NCH₂C(O₂CNEt₂)MeEt, limpid liquid with peculiar odor b₄₁ 136°. Hydrochloride, hygroscopic needles from acetone, m. 142° (decompose), hydrobromide, sedative, needles, m. 148°, chloroaurate, long orange-red needles m. 98°, “valerate” derivative, b₂₃ 128°, very stable to alkalies, hydrochloride, anesthetic, hygroscopic, unctuous plates, m. 151°, hydrobromide, similar, but not hygroscopic, m. 126°. Bromovalerate hydrochloride, strongly anesthetic, fine needles, m. 158°. Diethylacetate hydrobromide, brilliant needles, m. 169°. Bromodiethylacetate hydrochloride, leaflets, m. 160°. Caproate derivative, b. (in vacuo) 152°. Hydrochloride, slender needles. The compounds with the aliphatic acids heavier than caproic are strongly modified by the acyl group and acquire the properties of soaps like the polypeptides of the higher aliphatic acids. Bromocaproate hydrochloride, slender hygroscopic needles, m. 130°. Aqueous solution gives lather. Bromo-oenanthylate hydrochloride, white leaflets, m. 128° anesthetic. Bromolaurate hydrochloride, slender needles. m. 99°. Aqueous solution gives lather. Dimethylaminomethyldiethylcarbinyl benzoate hydrochloride, Et₂C(OBz)CH₂NMe₂.HCl, quadrangular plates, m. 180°. Dimethylaminodimethylpropylcarbinyl benzoate hydrochloride, isomeric with the preceding compound, brilliant needles, m. 146°. Dimethylaminodimethylisoamylcarbinyl benzoate hydrochloride, anesthetic, long needles, m. 142°. Chloroplatinate, m. 178°. Cinnamate hydrochloride, slender needles, m. 110°. Diethylaminodimethylethylcarbinyl benzoate hydrochloride, tufts of slender needles, m. 140°. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Dimethylamino)-2-methylpropan-2-ol (cas: 14123-48-9COA of Formula: C6H15NO).

1-(Dimethylamino)-2-methylpropan-2-ol (cas: 14123-48-9) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.COA of Formula: C6H15NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Highly Efficient and Chemoselective Zinc-Catalyzed Hydrosilylation of Esters under Mild Conditions was written by Kovalenko, Oleksandr O.;Adolfsson, Hans. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2015.Reference of 2968-93-6 This article mentions the following:

A mild and highly efficient catalytic hydrosilylation protocol for room-temperature ester reductions has been developed using diethylzinc as the catalyst. The methodol. is operationally simple, displays high functional group tolerance and provides for a facile access to a broad range of different alcs. in excellent yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6Reference of 2968-93-6).

2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Reference of 2968-93-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Determination of Volatile Flavour Profiles of Citrus spp. Fruits by SDE-GC-MS and Enantiomeric Composition of Chiral Compounds by MDGC-MS was written by Hong, Joon Ho;Khan, Naeem;Jamila, Nargis;Hong, Young Shin;Nho, Eun Yeong;Choi, Ji Yeon;Lee, Cheong Mi;Kim, Kyong Su. And the article was included in Phytochemical Analysis in 2017.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Introduction : Citrus fruits are known to have characteristic enantiomeric key compounds biosynthesised by highly stereoselective enzymic mechanisms. In the past, evaluation of the enantiomeric ratios of chiral compounds in fruits has been applied as an effective indicator of adulteration by the addition of synthetic compounds or natural components of different botanical origin. Objective : To analyze the volatile flavor compounds of Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka (yuzu), Citrus limon BURM. f. (lemon) and Citrus aurantifolia Christm. Swingle (lime), and determine the enantiomeric ratios of their chiral compounds for discrimination and authentication of extracted oils. Methodol. : Volatile flavor compounds of the fruits of the three Citrus species were extracted by simultaneous distillation extraction and analyzed by gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry. The enantiomeric composition (ee%) of chiral camphene, sabinene, limonene and β-phellandrene was analyzed by heart-cutting multidimensional gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry. Results : Sixty-seven (C. junos), 77 (C. limon) and 110 (C. aurantifolia) volatile compounds were identified with limonene, γ-terpinene and linalool as the major compounds Stereochem. anal. (ee%) revealed 1S,4R-(-) camphene (94.74, 98.67, 98.82), R-(+)-limonene (90.53, 92.97, 99.85) and S-(+)-β-phellandrene (98.69, 97.15, 92.13) in oil samples from all three species; R-(+)-sabinene (88.08) in C. junos; and S-(-)-sabinene (81.99, 79.74) in C. limon and C. aurantifolia, resp. Conclusion : The enantiomeric composition and excess ratios of the chiral compounds could be used as reliable indicators of genuineness and quality assurance of the oils derived from the Citrus fruit species. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Differentially Protected Diboron for Regioselective Diboration of Alkynes: Internal-Selective Cross-Coupling of 1-Alkene-1,2-diboronic Acid Derivatives was written by Iwadate, Noriyuki;Suginome, Michinori. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2010.Recommanded Product: 1214264-88-6 This article mentions the following:

A differentially protected diboron bearing the naphthalene-1,8-diaminato group on one of the two boron atoms undergoes highly regioselective diboration with terminal alkynes in the presence of Pt or Ir catalysts, giving 1-alkene-1,2-diboronic acid derivatives in which the less reactive B(dan) group is located at the terminal position. The products undergo selective Suzuki-Miyaura coupling with aryl bromides at the internal boronyl group, leading to the formation of 2,2-disubstituted alkenylboronic acid derivatives In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine (cas: 1214264-88-6Recommanded Product: 1214264-88-6).

2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine (cas: 1214264-88-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Recommanded Product: 1214264-88-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

The protective effects of thymol and carvacrol against di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced cytotoxicity in HEK-293 cells was written by Amara, Ines;Timoumi, Rim;Annabi, Emna;Ben Othmene, Yosra;Abid-Essefi, Salwa. And the article was included in Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology in 2022.Name: 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol This article mentions the following:

The protective effects of thymol and carvacrol, two phenolic monoterpenes with a wide spectrum of pharmacol. effects, against the oxidative stress produced by the di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in human embryonic kidney cells 293 cells (HEK-293 cells) were investigated in this study. The cytotoxicity was monitored by cell viability, while oxidative stress generation was assessed by reactive oxygen species (ROS) quantification, antioxidant enzyme activities measurement, glutathione concentration, and malondialdehyde (MDA) quantification. The genotoxicity was evaluated by the measurement of DNA fragmentation through the Comet assay. Our results demonstrated that the pretreatment of HEK-293 cells with thymol or carvacrol, 2 h before DEHP exposure, significantly increased the cell viability, decreased the ROS overproduction, modulated catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, restored the reduced glutathione content, and reduced the MDA level. The DNA fragmentation was also decreased by thymol and carvacrol pretreatment. These findings suggest that thymol and carvacrol could protect HEK-293 cells from DEHP-induced oxidative stress. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Name: 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Name: 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts