Month: January 2023

Alkyl-GeMe₃: Neutral Metalloid Radical Precursors upon Visible-Light Photocatalysis was written by Xu, Qing-Hao;Wei, Li-Pu;Xiao, Bin. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2022.Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4 This article mentions the following:

Single-electron transfer (SET) oxidation of ionic hypervalent complexes, in particular alkyltrifluoroborates (Alkyl-BF₃^–) and alkylbis(catecholato)silicates (Alkyl-Si(cat)2^–), have contributed substantially to alkyl radical generation compared to alkali or alk. earth organometallics because of their excellent activity-stability balance. Herein, another proposal is reported by using neutral metalloid compounds, Alkyl-GeMe₃, as radical precursors. Alkyl-GeMe₃ shows comparable activity to that of Alkyl-BF₃– and Alkyl-Si(cat)₂– in radical addition reactions. Moreover, Alkyl-GeMe3 is the first successful group 14 tetraalkyl nucleophile in nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling. Meanwhile, the neutral nature of these organogermanes offset the limitation of ionic precursors in purification and derivatization. A preliminary mechanism study suggests that an alkyl radical is generated from a tetraalkylgermane radical cation with the assistance of a nucleophile, which may also result in the development of more non-ionic alkyl radical precursors with a metalloid center. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Hybrid Organo- and Biocatalytic Process for the Asymmetric Transformation of Alcohols into Amines in Aqueous Medium was written by Liardo, Elisa;Rios-Lombardia, Nicolas;Moris, Francisco;Rebolledo, Francisca;Gonzalez-Sabin, Javier. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2017.Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl ((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate This article mentions the following:

A hybrid organo- and biocatalytic system for the asym. conversion of racemic alcs. into amines was developed. Combining an organocatalyst, AZADO, an oxidant, NaOCl, and an enzyme, ω-transaminase, implemented a one-pot oxidation-transamination sequential process in aqueous medium. The method showed broad substrate scope and was successfully applied to conventional secondary alcs. and sterically hindered β-substituted cycloalkanols, where a highly stereoselective dynamic asym. bioamination enabled us to set up both contiguous stereocenters with very high enantio- and diastereomeric ratio (>90% yield, >99% ee, and up to 49:1 dr). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl ((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 155975-19-2Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl ((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate).

tert-Butyl ((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 155975-19-2) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl ((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Straightforward access to N-trifluoromethyl amides, carbamates, thiocarbamates and ureas was written by Scattolin, Thomas;Bouayad-Gervais, Samir;Schoenebeck, Franziska. And the article was included in Nature (London, United Kingdom) in 2019.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Amides and related carbonyl derivatives are of central importance across the phys. and life sciences^1,2. As a key biol. building block, the stability and conformation of amides affect the structures of peptides and proteins as well as their biol. function. In addition, amide-bond formation is one of the most frequently used chem. transformations^3,4. Given their ubiquity, a technol. that is capable of modifying the fundamental properties of amides without compromising on stability may have considerable potential in pharmaceutical, agrochem. and materials science. In order to influence the phys. properties of organic mols.-such as solubility, lipophilicity, conformation, pK_a and (metabolic) stability-fluorination approaches have been widely adopted^5-7. Similarly, site-specific modification with isosteres and peptidomimetics⁸, or in particular by N-methylation⁹, has been used to improve the stability, phys. properties, bioactivities and cellular permeabilities of compounds However, the N-trifluoromethyl carbonyl motif-which combines both N-methylation and fluorination approaches-has not yet been explored, owing to a lack of efficient methodol. to synthesize it. Here the authors report a straightforward method to access N-trifluoromethyl analogs of amides and related carbonyl compounds The strategy relies on the operationally simple preparation of bench-stable carbamoyl fluoride building blocks, which can be readily diversified to the corresponding N-CF₃ amides, carbamates, thiocarbamates and ureas. This method tolerates rich functionality and stereochem., and the authors present numerous examples of highly functionalized compounds-including analogs of widely used drugs, antibiotics, hormones and polymer units. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ruthenium(II) complexes derived from C₂-symmetric ferrocene-based chiral bis(phosphinite) ligands: synthesis and catalytic activity towards the asymmetric reduction of acetophenones was written by Ak, B.;Durap, F.;Aydemir, M.;Baysal, A.. And the article was included in Applied Organometallic Chemistry in 2015.Recommanded Product: (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol This article mentions the following:

Chiral secondary alcs. are very important building blocks and valuable synthetic intermediates both in organic synthesis and in the pharmaceutical industry for producing biol. active complex mols. A series of new chiral Ru-phosphinite complexes were prepared from chiral C₂-sym. ferrocenyl phosphinites and corresponding chloro complex, [Ru(η⁶-p-cymene)(μ-Cl)Cl]₂. The complexes were characterized using conventional spectroscopic methods. The binuclear complexes were tested as pre-catalysts and were found to be good pre-catalysts for the asym. transfer hydrogenation of substituted acetophenones in basic 2-propanol at 82°C, providing the corresponding optically active alcs. with almost quant. conversion and modest to high enantioselectivities (46-97%). Amongst the all complexes, one complex gave the highest ee of 97% in the reduction of 2-methoxyacetophenone to (S)-1-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethanol at 82°C. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4Recommanded Product: (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Recommanded Product: (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Reversible constitutional switching between macrocycles and polymers induced by shape change in a dynamic covalent system was written by Ulrich, Sebastien;Buhler, Eric;Lehn, Jean-Marie. And the article was included in New Journal of Chemistry in 2009.Name: 2-Bromopyridine-4-methanol This article mentions the following:

Morphol. switches were developed as a tool that can be used in constitutional dynamic chem. (CDC) to control the constitution of the whole dynamic system. Mols. that have well-defined but switchable shapes were designed and synthesized. Their restrained conformational states were characterized both in the solid and in solution The addition of metal ions induces a shape change through coordination; the shape generated was also fully studied both in the solid and in solution Such mols. constitute morphol. switches, meaning that they can explore various shape states as a result of controlled well-defined shape changes triggered by an effector. These morphol. switches were then integrated into covalent dynamic systems through formation of reversible imine bonds. Thermodn. and kinetic analyses were performed to quantify the covalent equilibrium and to study the labile character of the covalent reversible link. It was then demonstrated that the mol. shape state of the morphol. switches induces a well-defined constitution through covalent self-assembly, and that the system can be steered, quant. and reversibly without significant fatigue, between two different constitutional states, resp., polymeric and macrocyclic assemblies. The dynamic covalent polymeric assemblies were analyzed by DOSY NMR and small angle neutrons scattering (SANS). Their dynamic behavior as a function of the concentration and the temperature was demonstrated and characterized. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromopyridine-4-methanol (cas: 118289-16-0Name: 2-Bromopyridine-4-methanol).

2-Bromopyridine-4-methanol (cas: 118289-16-0) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Name: 2-Bromopyridine-4-methanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Catalytic enantioselective [2+2]-cycloaddition reaction of 2-methoxycarbonyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one by chiral copper catalyst was written by Takenaka, Yosuke;Ito, Hisanaka;Hasegawa, Mineki;Iguchi, Kazuo. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2006.Quality Control of 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol This article mentions the following:

A new catalytic system for the enantioselective [2+2]-cycloaddition reactions of 2-methoxycarbonyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one with (alkylthio)- and (arylthio)acetylenes is described. The use of a catalytic amount (20-30 mol%) of copper(II) salts with chiral bis(pyridine) ligands was found to be effective in promoting the [2+2]-cycloaddition reaction, furnishing the corresponding bicyclic compounds in good yield and enantioselectivities. An example ligand thus prepared was 2-pyridinecarboxylic acid (1S)-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-2,2′-diyl ester. The reaction of (phenylthio)acetylene with Me 5-oxo-1-cyclopentenecarboxylate gave (1R,5S)-2-oxo-7-(phenylthio)bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-6-ene-1-carboxylic acid Me ester. The latter was converted into (-)-(1S)-3-(oxo)cyclopentaneacetic acid. (+)-(1S,5R)-2-oxo-7-(phenylthio)bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-6-ene-1-carboxylic acid Me ester, an intermediate in the total synthesis of tricycloclavulone, was also prepared In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0Quality Control of 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol).

6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Quality Control of 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

QSAR analysis of the partitioning of terpenes and terpenoids into human milk was written by Agatonovic-Kustrin, Snezana;Gegechkori, Vladimir I.;Morton, David W.. And the article was included in Flavour and Fragrance Journal in 2022.Reference of 499-75-2 This article mentions the following:

Studies have shown that olfactory experience during breastfeeding plays an important role in the later development of certain food preferences in life. Thus, the aim of this study was to predict partitioning of odorous terpenes and terpenoids into breast milk from a predictive QSAR model for drug transfer. A large heterogenous data set based on drugs and their active metabolites that were used to build a QSAR was collected from the literature. Due to the vast structural diversity of these compounds and possibly different mechanisms involved in M/P partitioning, a non-linear artificial neural network (ANN) model was used to develop a predictive QSAR model. The value of the correlation coefficient of predicted vs. exptl. measured M/P values for the final model (14-2-1) was high (R = .82). The descriptors selected in the final model (14-2-1) belong to 3 main categories: (a) solubility/permeability descriptors (dipole moment, polar surface area, aromatic ring count and hydroxyl group count), (b) reactivity descriptors (i.e. HOMO energy) and (c) shape descriptors (different ring size counts, counts of Me groups and mol. depth). Results of this study predict that many volatile terpenes from the essential oils are transferred into breast milk selectively. The highest M/P values (>3.5) were predicted for β-caryophyllene, aromadendrene, alloaromadendrene, and 1,4- and 1,8-cineole, high values for carvacrol (M/P = 3.2), eugenol (M/P = 3.0) and thymol (M/P = 3.6), and moderate values for α-pinene (M/P = 2.3) and low values (M/P = 0.4) for phellandrene and limonene. Our model helps to explain and expand on the current knowledge of volatile compounds in breast milk by predicting that a variety of volatile terpenoids can be found in breast milk. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Reference of 499-75-2).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Reference of 499-75-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

c-perpendicular orientation in thin nanoporous-crystalline poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene)oxide films was written by Nagendra, Baku;Daniel, Christophe;Rizzo, Paola;Guerra, Gaetano. And the article was included in Polymers for Advanced Technologies in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol This article mentions the following:

Nanoporous-crystalline films of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene)oxide (PPO), exhibiting c-perpendicular orientation (c_⊥) orientation (i.e., the orientation of the crystalline chain axes being preferentially perpendicular to the film plane), show the advantage of faster guest diffusivity and higher transparency. However, by using the methods described in the literature, this perpendicular orientation cannot be achieved for low thickness films (≤20μm). In this paper, we describe four different preparation methods, which are suitable to get high degree of crystallinity (X_c >40%) as well as high degree of c_⊥ orientation (-0.5< fc <- 0.3) of CC and NC α forms, for film thickness even as low as 5μm. All the described methods are based on reduction of guest sorption kinetics. The reported results also confirm our previous hypothesis that c_⊥ orientation is due to formation of flat-on crystalline lamellae, which in turn are due to nanoconfined co-crystallization of PPO. An anomalous temperature dependence of c_⊥ orientation for limonene-induced co-crystallization with PPO is described and rationalized. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Application In Synthesis of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Application In Synthesis of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Cascade Cross-Coupling of Dienes: Photoredox and Nickel Dual Catalysis was written by Huang, Long;Zhu, Chen;Yi, Liang;Yue, Huifeng;Kancherla, Rajesh;Rueping, Magnus. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2020.Safety of 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane This article mentions the following:

Chem. transformations based on cascade reactions have the potential to simplify the preparation of diverse and architecturally complex mols. dramatically. Herein, the authors disclose an unprecedented and efficient method for the cross-coupling of radical precursors, dienes, and electrophilic coupling partners via a photoredox- and nickel-enabled cascade cross-coupling process. The cascade reaction furnishes a diverse array of saturated carbo- and heterocyclic scaffolds, thus providing access to a quick gain in C-C bond saturation In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Safety of 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Safety of 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Metallo-Controlled Dynamic Molecular Tweezers: Design, Synthesis, and Self-Assembly by Metal-Ion Coordination was written by Ulrich, Sebastien;Petitjean, Anne;Lehn, Jean-Marie. And the article was included in European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry in 2010.Related Products of 79651-64-2 This article mentions the following:

The introduction of controllable dynamic features into synthetic receptors represents a step towards smart adaptive nanodevices. The authors report herein studies on the construction of dynamic mol. tweezers in which the binding of a substrate is allosterically controlled through shape switching of the receptor induced by metal-ion coordination. 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional NMR spectroscopy and x-ray crystallog. were used to identify the nature of the metallosupramol. entity generated. The presence of large aromatic naphthalene diimide moieties on the scaffold of the mol. tweezers strongly influences their coordination-driven self-assembly. These addnl. stacking interactions lead to the cooperative formation of a homocomplex, to the self-sorted assembly of a hetero complex, and to the binding of noncoordinating aromatic guests. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 79651-64-2Related Products of 79651-64-2).

(6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 79651-64-2) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Related Products of 79651-64-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts