Rational analysis of dispersion and solubility of Kraft lignin in polyols for polyurethanes was written by Haridevan, Hima;Evans, David A. C.;Martin, Darren J.;Annamalai, Pratheep K.. And the article was included in Industrial Crops and Products in 2022.Recommanded Product: 57-55-6 This article mentions the following:
The incorporation of Kraft lignin (KL) in polyurethanes has received much academic and industrial attention due to its potential for sustainably improving broader property profiles. However, the consistency in phys. properties improvement is still challenging. The missing link in this field is the compatibility of KL with polyols and the major unanswered question is ‘how does lignin choose to disperse in polyols. This study reports the solubility of KL dispersed in ethylene oxide (EO) diols, propylene oxide (PO) diols, com. polyols containing EO or PO and a standard crosslinker (glycerol) at room temperature, and rationally evaluates compatible polyol/lignin systems based on microscopic, gravimetric, and rheol. analyses for potential application in polyurethanes. The degree of dispersion of KL in polyols was observed to vary from low to high with polydispersity in particle size depending on the chem. structure (functionality, solubility parameter, polarity) and mol. weight of polyols. While low mol. weight diols have shown high solubility of KL, the EO-based polyols have shown relatively better compatibility with KL than the PO-based polyols and glycerol. By exploring the various degrees of dispersion of KL in polyols, this study suggests that the polyurethane materials could be engineered with KL through judicious selection of compatible polyol based on structure, solubility parameter, and mol. weight In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Recommanded Product: 57-55-6).
1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Recommanded Product: 57-55-6
Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts