Month: December 2022

Rh-Catalyzed Base-Free Decarbonylative Borylation of Twisted Amides was written by Bie, Fusheng;Liu, Xuejing;Shi, Yijun;Cao, Han;Han, Ying;Szostak, Michal;Liu, Chengwei. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2020.COA of Formula: C12H16BBrO2 This article mentions the following:

We report the rhodium-catalyzed base-free decarbonylative borylation of twisted amides. The synthesis of versatile arylboronate esters from aryl twisted amides is achieved via decarbonylative rhodium(I) catalysis and highly selective N-C(O) insertion. The method is notable for a very practical, additive-free Rh(I) catalyst system. The method shows broad functional group tolerance and excellent substrate scope, including site-selective decarbonylative borylation/Heck cross-coupling via divergent N-C/C-Br cleavage and late-stage pharmaceutical borylation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4COA of Formula: C12H16BBrO2).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.COA of Formula: C12H16BBrO2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of proline analogues as potent and selective cathepsin S inhibitors was written by Kim, Mira;Jeon, Jiyoung;Song, Jiyeon;Suh, Kwee Hyun;Kim, Young Hoon;Min, Kyung Hoon;Lee, Kwang-Ok. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2013.Name: (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

Cathepsin S is a potential target of autoimmune disease. A series of proline-derived compounds were synthesized and evaluated as cathepsin S inhibitors. We discovered potent cathepsin S inhibitors through structure-activity relationship studies of proline analogs. In particular, compound 19-(S) showed promising in vitro/vivo pharmacol. activities and properties as a selective cathepsin S inhibitor. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Name: (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Name: (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Study of the influence of the fishing season and the storage temperature in the fishing vessel on the biogenic amine and volatile profiles in fresh yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and dry-cured mojama was written by Sanchez-Parra, Monica;Lopez, Annalaura;Munoz-Redondo, Jose Manuel;Montenegro-Gomez, Jose Carlos;Perez-Aparicio, Jesus;Pereira-Caro, Gema;Rodriguez-Solana, Raquel;Moreno-Rojas, Jose Manuel;Ordonez-Diaz, Jose Luis. And the article was included in Journal of Food Composition and Analysis in 2022.Application of 3391-86-4 This article mentions the following:

The present research focused on studying the biogenic amine and volatile compound profiles of fresh yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and the resulted dry-cured product, the so-called “mojama”. This study aimed to evaluate how external factors such as the storage temperature in fishing vessels (EU regulation) and fishing season, may affect quality and food safety features. Nine biogenic amines were determined by HPLC-DAD following the official methodol. and the volatile organic compounds profiles were analyzed and quantified by HS-SPME-GC-MS. All the samples analyzed in this study presented levels of histamine (from 0.00 to 9.49 mg/kg) far from those considered hazardous for human health (50 mg/kg for FDA and 100 mg/kg for EU) demonstrating the no or very limited impact of the factor considered in EU legislation regarding the storage temperatures in fishing vessels (-9°C and -18°C). From the volatile profiles, a total of 38 organic compounds were found in the samples, with aldehydes, alcs. and ketones as the predominant groups. Comparing the two storage temperatures, the fresh tuna loins stored at -9°C showed higher concentrations of volatile compounds while no differences were detected in the dry-cured product, demonstrating the addnl. preservative characteristics given by the process. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4Application of 3391-86-4).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Application of 3391-86-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Usnic acid. IV. Isoanhydromethyldihydrousnic acid was written by Takahashi, Kotaro;Miyashita, Shuichi;Ueda, Yoshie. And the article was included in Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin in 1963.Recommanded Product: 2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone This article mentions the following:

Acetylation of 30 g. methyldihydrousnic acid yielded 12 g. anhydromethyldihydrousnic acid (I) monoacetate, m. 172-3°, and from the mother liquor, after evaporation and hydrolysis of the residue, 1 g. title compound (II, R = H), m. 196°. Acetylation of 4 g. II (R = H) by warming 3 hrs. on a steam bath with 40 cc. AcOH containing 4 drops concentrated H₂SO₄ gave II (R = Ac), m. 142-3°, which was deacetylated by hydrolysis either with 5% NaOH at room temperature or with ice-cold H₂SO₄ to give II (R = H), indicating absence of any rearrangement during acetylation. Ozonolysis of II (R = Ac) in CHCl₃, followed by warming 30 min. with EtOH gave 6,2,4,3-Me(HO)₂AcC₆HCO₂H (III), m. 180° (decomposition), and 6,2,3,4-Me(HO)Ac(AcO)C₆HCO₂Et (IV), m. 115-16°. Vacuum distillation of III at 180-200° gave the known 4,2,6-Me(HO)₂C₆H₂Ac (V), m. 146°, and deacetylation of IV by heating 1 hr. with 5% NaOH on a steam bath and acidifying gave the known 6,3,2,4-MeAc(HO)₂C₆HCO₂Et (VI), m. 89-90°, identical with the product of ethylation of 6,3,2,4MeAc(HO)₂C₆HCO₂H with diazoethane in Et₂O. These results showed that a γ-orcacetophenone ring was present in II as well as in I. Both infrared and ultraviolet absorption curves were shown for I and II (R = H). Refluxing 1 g. II (R = H) 5 hrs. on a steam bath with HONH₂.HCl and AcONa in EtOH yielded 1 g. dioxime monoanhydride (VII), m. 280° (decomposition), which (0.5 g.) was oxidized with H₂O₂ at 80-90° to yield 50 mg. 4-carboxy-α,α,3-trimethyl-5-isoxazoleacetic acid, m. 217°, the same compound previously similarly derived from I. This indicated that the relative positions of the Ac, enolic HO, and gem-di-Me groups were the same in the A rings of I and II. However, the difference in the conjugated systems of the A rings (as shown in formulas I and II) was confirmed by the shift of 35 mμ in the maximum at 237 mμ of II to that at 272 mμ of I. All these results established the assigned formula for II, which was further confirmed by the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (curve shown). As previously suggested for the mechanism of the preparation of I, the simultaneous formation of II would likewise involve the fission of the C-O-C bond in the furan ring and the removal of the newly-formed HO group in the B ring. Then the mode of reformation of the C-O-C linkage would determine whether I or II would result from the following dienonephenol rearrangement. Ultraviolet or infrared absorption spectra (in addition to the curves for I and II) were used to support the structures of III-VII. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone (cas: 1634-34-0Recommanded Product: 2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone).

2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone (cas: 1634-34-0) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Recommanded Product: 2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Fluorescence-marked mesoporous silica core-shell nanocatalyst for asymmetric transfer hydrogenation was written by An, Juzeng;Zhao, Junwei;Liu, Guohua;Cheng, Tanyu. And the article was included in Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical in 2016.Application In Synthesis of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol This article mentions the following:

Fluorescence-marked core-shell structured nanocatalyst was prepared through co-condensation method. The catalyst exhibits good catalytic efficiency for asym. transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones and can be recovered and reused several times. The strong fluorescent emission easily tracks the recovery process of the nanocatalyst. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4Application In Synthesis of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Application In Synthesis of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Characterization of carvacrol incorporated antimicrobial film based on agar/konjac glucomannan and its application in chicken preservation was written by Peng, Shurui;Zhang, Jiao;Zhang, Tao;Hati, Subrota;Mo, Haizhen;Xu, Dan;Li, Hongbo;Hu, Liangbin;Liu, Zhenbin. And the article was included in Journal of Food Engineering in 2022.Electric Literature of C10H14O This article mentions the following:

The objective of this study was to fabricate and characterize antimicrobial films based on Agar/Konjac glucomannan (KA) incorporated with carvacrol (CV) (1%, 1.5% and 2%). The phys., structural and antimicrobial properties were studied to evaluate the effects of carvacrol on the composite films. Results indicated that the addition of 2% CV markedly enhanced the tensile strength (36.72 MPa), elongation at break (100.19%), hydrophobic properties and UV barrier properties compared with KA film. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, and SEM indicated good compatibility and the formation of intermol. hydrogen bonds. Addnl., the addition of 2% CV showed strong antimicrobial activities against the most common food spoiling bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Finally, the potential application of the films was evaluated by the packing test of chicken, where KA-2% CV was able to prolong the shelf life of refrigerated chicken breast from 5 days to 9 days. Overall, the composite films incorporating 2% carvacrol was a promising antimicrobial packing material to displace petrochem.-based plastics to extend the shelf life of foods. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Electric Literature of C10H14O).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Electric Literature of C10H14O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Scandium triflate as an efficient and useful catalyst for the synthesis of β-amino alcohols by regioselective ring opening of epoxides with amines under solvent-free conditions was written by Placzek, Andrew T.;Donelson, James L.;Trivedi, Rushi;Gibbs, Richard A.;De, Surya K.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2005.Name: Trans-2-(benzylamino)cyclohexanol This article mentions the following:

A simple and efficient method was developed for the synthesis of β-amino alcs. by ring opening of epoxides in the presence of a catalytic amount of Sc(O₃SCF₃)₃ at room temperature under solvent-free conditions. The reaction works well with both aromatic and aliphatic amines. High regio- and diastereoselectivity can be considered as a noteworthy advantage of this method. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Trans-2-(benzylamino)cyclohexanol (cas: 40571-86-6Name: Trans-2-(benzylamino)cyclohexanol).

Trans-2-(benzylamino)cyclohexanol (cas: 40571-86-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Name: Trans-2-(benzylamino)cyclohexanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Exploiting CELLULOSE SYNTHASE (CESA) class specificity to probe cellulose microfibril biosynthesis was written by Kumar, Manoj;Mishra, Laxmi;Carr, Paul;Pilling, Michael;Gardner, Peter;Mansfield, Shawn D.;Turnera, Simon. And the article was included in Plant Physiology in 2018.Safety of (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate This article mentions the following:

Cellulose microfibrils are the basic units of cellulose in plants. The structure of these microfibrils is at least partly determined by the structure of the cellulose synthase complex. In higher plants, this complex is composed of 18 to 24 catalytic subunits known as CELLULOSE SYNTHASE A (CESA) proteins. Three different classes of CESA proteins are required for cellulose synthesis and for secondary cell wall cellulose biosynthesis these classes are represented by CESA4, CESA7, and CESA8. To probe the relationship between CESA proteins and microfibril structure, we created mutant cesa proteins that lack catalytic activity but retain sufficient structural integrity to allow assembly of the cellulose synthase complex. Using a series of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants and genetic backgrounds, we found consistent differences in the ability of these mutant cesa proteins to complement the cellulose-deficient phenotype of the cesa null mutants. The best complementation was observed with catalytically inactive cesa4, while the equivalent mutation in cesa8 exhibited significantly lower levels of complementation. Using a variety of biophys. techniques, including solid-state NMR and Fourier transform IR microscopy, to study these mutant plants, we found evidence for changes in cellulose microfibril structure, but these changes largely correlated with cellulose content and reflected differences in the relative proportions of primary and secondary cell walls. Our results suggest that individual CESA classes have similar roles in determining cellulose microfibril structure, and it is likely that the different effects of mutating members of different CESA classes are the consequence of their different catalytic activity and their influence on the overall rate of cellulose synthesis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate (cas: 10030-85-0Safety of (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate).

(2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate (cas: 10030-85-0) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Safety of (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Fluorescence recognition of chiral amino alcohols by using a novel ionic liquid sensor was written by Cai, Pengfei;Wu, Datong;Zhao, Xiaoyong;Pan, Yuanjiang. And the article was included in Analyst (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2017.Synthetic Route of C4H11NO This article mentions the following:

A novel task-specific ionic liquid derived from L-phenylalaninol was prepared as an enantioselective fluorescent sensor for the 1st time. Fluorescent chiral ionic liquid I (FCIL1) is found to exhibit highly enantioselective fluorescence enhancements toward both aromatic and nonaromatic chiral amino alcs. When (S)-FCIL1 was treated with the enantiomers of phenylalaninol, a great fluorescence enhancement at 349 nm could be observed and the value of the enantiomeric fluorescence difference (ef) is 5.92. The chiral sensor (S)-FCIL1 exhibited an excellent enantioselective response behavior to D-phenylalaninol. Besides that, both the fluorescence intensity at 349 nm (I₃₄₉) and the ratio of I₃₄₉ to I₂₈₂ depend linearly on the concentration of amino alcs. Both the concentration and the enantiomeric composition could be determined by using the chiral ionic liquid Differently, the sensor treated with the enantiomers of 2-amino-1-butanol showed an opposite result: the fluorescence intensity of the S-enantiomer is higher than that of the R-enantiomer. Also, the size of the substituents on the chiral carbon might be important for the enantioselective fluorescent response. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Synthetic Route of C4H11NO).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Synthetic Route of C4H11NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A tunable synthesis of either benzaldehyde or benzoic acid through blue-violet LED irradiation using TBATB was written by Mardani, Atefeh;Heshami, Marouf;Shariati, Yadollah;Kazemi, Foad;Abdollahi Kakroudi, Mazaher;Kaboudin, Babak. And the article was included in Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, A: Chemistry in 2020.Application In Synthesis of (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

In this paper, a highly efficient, metal-free, and homogeneous method for the selective aerobic photooxidation of alcs. and photooxidative-desilylation of tert-butyldimethylsilyl ethers (TBDMS) in the presence of tetrabutylammonium tribromide (TBATB) under irradiation of visible light was reported. The light source: blue (460 nm) and violet (400 nm) LED, can control selective oxidation to aldehyde or carboxylic acid. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8Application In Synthesis of (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol).

(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Application In Synthesis of (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts