Month: December 2022

Chiral Frustrated Lewis Pairs Catalyzed Highly Enantioselective Hydrosilylations of Ketones was written by Liu, Xiaoqin;Wang, Qiaotian;Han, Caifang;Feng, Xiangqing;Du, Haifeng. And the article was included in Chinese Journal of Chemistry in 2019.SDS of cas: 120121-01-9 This article mentions the following:

A highly enantioselective Piers-type hydrosilylation of simple ketones was successfully achieved using a chiral frustrated Lewis pair of tri-tert-butylphosphine and chiral diene-derived borane as catalyst. A wide range of optically active secondary alcs. were furnished in 80%-99% yields with 81%-97% ee’s under mild reaction conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9SDS of cas: 120121-01-9).

(R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.SDS of cas: 120121-01-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Encapsulation of Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil to enhance flavor stability and inhibit lipid oxidation of C hinese-style sausage was written by Meng, Fan-Bing;Lei, Yu-Ting;Zhang, Qian;Li, Yun-Cheng;Chen, Wei-Jun;Liu, Da-Yu. And the article was included in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture in 2022.Synthetic Route of C8H16O This article mentions the following:

Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil (ZBEO) is a popular seasoning, commonly used in the food industry. It contains many easily degraded and highly volatile bioactive substances. Control of the stability of the bioactive substances in ZBEO is therefore very important in the food industry. In this study, microencapsulation was applied to improve ZBEO stability. The key parameters for microcapsule preparation were optimized by the Box-Behnken design method, and the optimum conditions were as follows: ratio of core to wall, 1:8; ratio of hydroxypropyl-α-cyclodextrin (HPCD) to soy protein isolate (SPI), 4; total solids content, 12%; and homogenization speed, 12 000 rpm. Antioxidant experiments have indicated that tea polyphenols (TPPs) effectively inhibited hydroxy-α-sanshool degradation in ZBEO microcapsules. Application of ZBEO microcapsules in Chinese-style sausage effectively inhibited lipid oxidation in sausages and protected hydroxy-α-sanshool and typical volatiles from volatilization and degradation during sausage storage. The results suggested that ZBEO microencapsulation is an effective strategy for improving the stability of its bioactive components and flavor ingredients during food processing. 2022 Society of Chem. Industry. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4Synthetic Route of C8H16O).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Synthetic Route of C8H16O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of chiral sulfinate esters by asymmetric condensation was written by Zhang, Xin;Ang, Esther Cai Xia;Yang, Ziqi;Kee, Choon Wee;Tan, Choon-Hong. And the article was included in Nature (London, United Kingdom) in 2022.Application In Synthesis of (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol This article mentions the following:

Here a straightforward access to enantioenriched sulfinate esters via asym. condensation of prochiral sulfinates and alcs. using pentanidium as an organocatalyst was reported. This study successfully coupled a wide range of sulfinates and bioactive alcs. stereoselectively. The initial sulfinates was prepared from existing sulfone and sulfonamide drugs and the resulting sulfinate esters were versatile for transformations to diverse chiral sulfur pharmacophores. Through late-stage diversification 11,12 of celecoxib and other drug derivatives, was demonstrate the viability of this unified approach towards sulfur stereogenic centers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5Application In Synthesis of (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol).

(1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Application In Synthesis of (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Vaginal health, endometrial thickness and changes in bone markers in postmenopausal women after 6 months of treatment with ospemifene in real clinical practice was written by Pingarron, Carmen;Lafuente, Pilar;Poyo Torcal, Silvia;Lopez Verdu, Helena;Martinez Garcia, Maria Sol;Palacios, Santiago. And the article was included in Gynecological Endocrinology in 2022.Recommanded Product: (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

To assess vaginal health, endometrial thickness, and changes in bone markers in postmenopausal women with vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) treated with 60 mg/day of ospemifene under routine clin. practice. The AYSEX study is a Spanish observational and prospective study performed in one center in which 5 gynecologists recruited postmenopausal women with VVA in routine clin. practice treated continuously with ospemifene 60 mg/day for 12 mo as an appropriate therapeutic option. This article refers to the 3- and 6-mo anal. Vaginal health was assessed by pH and using Vaginal Health Index (VHI) at baseline and 3 mo later. Endometrial thickness, measured by vaginal ultrasonog., and bone resorption marker (CTx) were assessed at baseline and 6 mo later. A total of 100 postmenopausal women cytol. and clin. diagnosed with VVA were included in the study. After 3 mo of treatment with ospemifene, pH improved from 6.1 to 4.5 (p < .0001), and VHI improved from 10 to 19 points (p < .0001). The percentage of patients with VVA according to VHI decreased from 100% to 5.2% (p < .0001). After 6 mo, mean CTx levels decreased from 0.42 pg/mL at baseline to 0.37 pg/mL 6 mo later (p = .0018), and mean endometrial thickness changed from 2.24 to 2.15 mm (p = .6066). Up to date, this is the only prospective and observational study with ospemifene in routine clin. practice conditions and confirms the results previously reported from randomized controlled clin. trials, improving VVA, not increasing endometrial thickness, and decreasing CTx levels by exerting an anti-resorptive function. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Recommanded Product: (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Recommanded Product: (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effects of ospemifene on bone parameters including clinical biomarkers in postmenopausal women. was written by Constantine, Ginger D;Kagan, Risa;Miller, Paul D. And the article was included in Menopause (New York, N.Y.) in 2016.Related Products of 128607-22-7 This article mentions the following:

OBJECTIVE: Ospemifene is an estrogen-receptor agonist/antagonist (also known as a selective estrogen-receptor modulator) that is FDA approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe dyspareunia, a symptom of vulvovaginal atrophy, due to menopause. Preclinical and clinical data suggest that ospemifene may also have an effect on bone health in postmenopausal women. METHODS: Relevant articles, including cellular and preclinical studies and clinical trials written in English pertaining to ospemifene and bone health, were identified from a database search of PubMed (from its inception to June 2015) and summarized in this comprehensive review. RESULTS: In vitro data suggest that ospemifene may mediate a positive effect on bone through osteoblasts. Ospemifene effectively reduced bone loss and resorption in ovariectomized rats, with activity comparable to estradiol and raloxifene. Clinical data from three phase 1 or 2 clinical trials (2 placebo- and 1 raloxifene-controlled) found ospemifene 60 mg/d to have a positive effect on the biochemical markers for bone turnover in healthy, postmenopausal women with significant improvements relative to placebo and comparable to raloxifene. CONCLUSIONS: Ospemifene 60 mg/d may have a protective effect on the bone health of women being treated for dyspareunia. The initial clinical data for ospemifene follows a trend similar to raloxifene and bazedoxifene, suggesting that ospemifene may have bone-protective effects in postmenopausal women. However, additional rigorous clinical trials are necessary to confirm any positive effects ospemifene may have on vertebral fractures and bone mineral density in healthy and osteoporotic women. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Related Products of 128607-22-7).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Related Products of 128607-22-7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Isomerization as a route to rare ketoses: the beneficial effect of microwave irradiation on Mo(VI)-catalyzed stereospecific rearrangement was written by Hricoviniova, Zuzana. And the article was included in Tetrahedron: Asymmetry in 2008.Electric Literature of C6H14O6 This article mentions the following:

Mo(VI)-catalyzed isomerization of easily accessible 2-C-(hydroxymethyl)-branched aldoses to rare ketoses was achieved in 3 min using microwave flash heating. This contribution highlights the remarkable advantages of Mo(VI) catalysis and the beneficial effects of microwave irradiation in carbohydrate synthesis. The transformation yielded the resp. ketoses in good yields (46-86%). Furthermore, the potential of the Mo(VI)-catalyzed transformation was studied using a new branched 6-deoxy-aldose to prepare 7-deoxy–gluco-heptulose. The method is fast and useful for the preparation of rare ketoses under microwave conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate (cas: 10030-85-0Electric Literature of C6H14O6).

(2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate (cas: 10030-85-0) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Electric Literature of C6H14O6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Exploration of 3-Aminoazetidines as Triple Reuptake Inhibitors by Bioisosteric Modification of 3-α-Oxyazetidine was written by Han, Minsoo;Song, Chiman;Jeong, Nakcheol;Hahn, Hoh-Gyu. And the article was included in ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2014.Application In Synthesis of 1-Boc-Azetidine-3-yl-methanol This article mentions the following:

For a development of broad spectrum antidepressant 3-aminoazetidine derivatives, two series of compounds were explored by bioisosteric modification of 3-α-oxyazetidine. We synthesized 166 novel 3-aminoazetidine derivatives in series A and B, starting from Boc-protected 3-azetidinone (3) and Boc-protected 3-azetidinal (9) resp., through parallel syntheses. The inhibitory reuptake activities against serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine (DA) neurotransmitters were measured by the Neurotransmitter Transporter Uptake Assay Kit using the human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells stably transfected with the resp. three kinds of human transporters (hSERT, hNET, and hDAT). Our study aimed to identify compounds having relative inhibitory activities against hSERT > hNET > hDAT. Lead optimization including microsomal stability, CYP, hERG assay, Ames test, BBB, and PK study resulted in the identification of compound 10dL as a candidate for further studies. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Boc-Azetidine-3-yl-methanol (cas: 142253-56-3Application In Synthesis of 1-Boc-Azetidine-3-yl-methanol).

1-Boc-Azetidine-3-yl-methanol (cas: 142253-56-3) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Application In Synthesis of 1-Boc-Azetidine-3-yl-methanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Solubility and freezing point depression (FPD) measurements of Na-1-ethanethiolate, Na-1-propanethiolate, Na-2-propanethiolate, Na-1-butanethiolate, and Na-2-methyl-2-propanethiolate salts in pure water was written by Omar, Qazi Mohammed;Haroon, Salman;Jaubert, Jean-Noel;Awan, Javeed A.. And the article was included in Chemical Engineering Communications in 2017.SDS of cas: 29364-29-2 This article mentions the following:

In this work, we have measured the solubility and the f.p. depression of Na-1-ethanethiolate, Na-1-propanethiolate, Na-2-propanethiolate, Na-1-butanethiolate, and Na-2-methyl-2-propanethiolate salts in pure water within the concentration range of 0-49 wt/% at 1 atm. The f.p. curves and solubility curves of five mercaptide salts were measured at various concentrations of mercaptide salts and further used to find eutectic points. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2SDS of cas: 29364-29-2).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.SDS of cas: 29364-29-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Population pharmacokinetics of ospemifene and safety evaluation of pharmacokinetic alterations caused by intrinsic and extrinsic factors was written by Kubota, Ryuji;Matsumoto, Sayaka;Wajima, Toshihiro. And the article was included in International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics in 2017.HPLC of Formula: 128607-22-7 This article mentions the following:

Purpose: To develop a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model to assess factors influencing ospemifene pharmacokinetics and to assess safety for pharmacokinetic alteration observed in drug development. Method: A PPK model was constructed using pooled ospemifene concentrations Covariates considered before start of the anal. were: age, race, body weight, BMI, albumin, alanine amino-transferase, bilirubin, and creatinine clearance. The expected distribution of ospemifene concentration was derived for the 4 cases in phase-1 studies that increased ospemifene exposure: administration to severe renal impairment subjects (case 1), administration to moderate hepatic impairment subjects (case 2), coadministration with ketoconazole (case 3), or coadministration with fluconazole (case 4). Safety information in a long-term safety trial was used to assess the potential changes in risk of adverse events with ospemifene-exposure increase. Results: The PPK parameter estimates were 9.16 L/h for CL/F, 34.3 L for V2/F, 16.4 L/h for Q/F, 250 L for V3/F, and 0.522 h-1 for ka, based on the final model. Distributions of estimated AUC in a phase-3 study largely covered the expected distribution for case 1, case 2, or case 3, but did not overlap the expected distribution for case 4. The incidences of adverse events were not associated with ospemifene exposure in the long-term safety study. Conclusions: We developed an ospemifene PPK model and identified no relevant covariate in the PPK anal. The drug appears safe to use in renal impairment, moderate hepatic impairment, and when coadministered with ketoconazole. Ospemifene should not be administered with fluconazole. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7HPLC of Formula: 128607-22-7).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.HPLC of Formula: 128607-22-7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of N-protected ¹⁴C-labelled (2E)-5-amino-5-methylhex-2-enoic acid analogues was written by Jessen, Claus U.;Selvig, Helle;Valsborg, Jacob S.. And the article was included in Journal of Labelled Compounds & Radiopharmaceuticals in 2001.SDS of cas: 42514-50-1 This article mentions the following:

(E)-RNHCMe₂CH₂CH:CHCO₂H [R = Boc, Troc, Cbz, CO₂Me] were prepared from 2,4,4-trimethyl-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine by hydrolysis, N-protection, oxidation to RNHCMe₂CH₂CHO, and Wittig reaction with EtO₂CCH₂P(O)(OEt)₂. (E)-RNHCMe₂CH₂CH:CH¹⁴CO₂H were obtained with EtO₂¹⁴CCH₂P(O)(OEt)₂. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Amino-3-methylbutan-1-ol (cas: 42514-50-1SDS of cas: 42514-50-1).

3-Amino-3-methylbutan-1-ol (cas: 42514-50-1) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.SDS of cas: 42514-50-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts