Dietary yeast culture facilitates the growth, immune response, digestive enzyme activity, intestinal microbiota and disease resistance against Vibrio harveyi of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x Epinephelus lanceolatus ) was written by Wang, Qi;Ayiku, Stephen;Liu, Hongyu;Tan, Beiping;Dong, Xiaohui;Chi, Shuyan;Yang, Qihui;Zhang, Shuang;Zhou, Wenhao. And the article was included in Aquaculture Research in 2022.Application of 137-08-6 This article mentions the following:
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of yeast culture (YC) supplementation at different levels (0%, 2% and 4%) on the growth, immune response, digestive enzyme activity, intestinal morphol. and microbiota of hybrid grouper. After 56 days feeding trial, the results showed that the weight gain rate, specific growth rate, survival rate and protein efficiency rate of hybrid grouper were significantly improved, and the feed conversion ratio of hybrid grouper in the 4% group (p < 0.05) was significantly reduced. The serum total protein, acid phosphatase, alk. phosphatase and lysozyme of hybrid grouper in the 4% group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and malondialdehyde were significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.05). YC treatment significantly enhanced the trypsin, lipase and amylase activities (p < 0.05). Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes constituted the dominant phylum in grouper intestine. The relative abundance of Sphingomonas, Stenotrophomonas and Phyllobacterium in the YC groups was higher than that in the control group. The length and width of intestinal villi of grouper fed with YC diets were improved (p < 0.05). The protection against V. harveyi challenge in hybrid grouper was enhanced after YC treatment group, and the hybrid groupers fed with 4% YC diets experienced the highest cumulative survival rate of 67%. All these results suggested that the supplementation of 4% YC diets improved the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, intestinal morphol., microbiota and disease resistance against V. harveyi of hybrid grouper. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6Application of 137-08-6).
Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Application of 137-08-6
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